2022年2021年广东高考英语试题及答案解析 .pdf

2014 年广东高考英语试题及答案解析I 语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45 分）第一节完形填空（共15 小题；每小题2 分，满分30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从115 各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Parents feel that it is difficult to live with teenagers. Then again, teenagers have 1_ feeling about their parents, saying that it is not easy living with them. According to a recent research, the most common 2_ between parents and teenagers is that regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks. On the one hand, parents go mad over 3_ rooms, clothers thrown on the floor and their children s refusal to help with the 4_. On the other hand, teenagers lose their patience continually when parents blame them for 5_ the towel in the bathroom, not cleaning their room or refusing to do the shopping at the suppermarket. The research, conducted by St. George University, shows that different parents have different 6_ to these problems. However some approaches are more 7_ than others. For example, thoses parents who yell at their children for their untidiness, but 8_ clean the room for them, have fewer chances of changing their children s 9_. On the contrary, those who let teeenagers experience the 10_ of their actions can do better. For example, when teenagers who don t help their parents with the shopping don t find their favorite drink in the refrigerator, they are forced to 11_ their actions. Psychologists say that 12_ is the most important thing in parent-child relationships. Parents should 13_ to their children but at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say. Parents may 14_ their children when they are untidy but they should also understand that their room is their own private space. Communication is a two-way process. It only by listening to and 15_ each other that probems between parents and children can be settled. 1. A. natural B. strong C. guilty D. similar 2. A. interest B. argument C. link D. knowledge 3. A. noisy B. crowded C. messy D. locked 4. A. homework B. housework C. problem D. research 5. A. washing B. using C. dropping D. replacing 6. A. approaches B. contributions C. introductions D. attitudes 7. A. complex B. popular C. scientific D. successful 8. A. later B. deliberately C. seldom D. thoroughly 9. A. behavior B. taste C. future D. nature 10. A. failures B. changes C. consequences D. thrills 11. A. defend B. delay C. repeat D. reconsider 12. A. communication B. bond C. friendship D. trust 13. A. reply B. attend C. attach D. talk 14. A. hate B. scold C. frighten D. stop 15. A. loving B. observing C. understanding D. praising 答案及解析：（“ 可乐 ” 解释）本文首先指出父母与十几岁的孩子之间存在矛盾冲突及其原因，然后是研究发现的不同父母对此采取的不同方法，有的方法较另一些方法更有效果，最后一段是心理学家对解决冲突的建议。名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - 1. D 由not easy living with them (their parents) (孩子觉得与父母生活在一起不易)与difficult to live with teenagers( 父母觉得与十几岁的孩子生活在一起很难)可知， 孩子与父母有“ 相似的 ” 感受。 (逻辑推断 ) 2. B 由前两句，可知父母之间有“ 矛盾 ” ，再根据regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks(关于不整洁和日常事情)，对照各选项，只有argument(争吵 )适合。 (逻辑推断 ) 3. C 由前句的untidiness 和后面的clothes thrown on the floor可知，房间是messy(凌乱不堪的 )。(逻辑推断；也可将untidiness 与 messy看作是近义复现) 4. B 由上文提到的收拾房间之类的事，应是housework(家务活 )。(上下义复现 ) 5. C 由后面的not cleaning up their room or refusing to do the shopping 可知，这里应是dropping the towel in the bathroom ，一起为blame them 的原因。 (逻辑推断，或词语同现，受责备的应都是负面的意思) 6. A 由下句的 However, some approaches 提示，可知这里是指“ 不同的父母对待这些问题有不同的 方法 ”。 (原词复现 ) 7. D 从下面的例子可以看出，有的方法比别的方法更能“ 达到预期的目的(successful)”。下文中的do better 也有提示作用。(逻辑推断 ) 8. A 指 yell at their children( 对孩子大声叫喊)之后，意为 “ 但是 后来 又为他们清扫房间” 。(逻辑推断 ) 9. A 改变孩子不爱整洁的“ 行为 (behavior)”。 (逻辑推断 ) 10. C 据下文所举的例子“ 不帮父母去买东西”“在冰箱里就找不到自己最喜欢的饮料” 可知，这是让孩子“ 感受到自己的行为产生的 后果 ”。 (逻辑推断 ) 11. D 在有了上述经历之后，他们就会“ 重新考虑 ” 他们的行动。(逻辑推断 ) 12. A 由下文中的Communication is a two-way process 可知， 此处填 communication 。事实上，当完成第13 空后，就基本上确定此题选A 了。 (原词复现 ) 13. D 由 but 可知，要选与lend an ear to(=listen to倾听 )相对的 talk。(词语同现；逻辑推断) 14. B 由 but 可知，要选与understand (理解 )相对的 scold(责骂 )。(词语同现；逻辑推断) 15. C 此句是强调结构，是对前两句的总结，一句是说要lend an ear to(=listen to 倾听 )，一句是说要understand (倾听 )，所以总结为 “ 只有通过倾听和相互理解，父母与孩子之间的问题才可得到解决” 。 (原词复现 ) 第二节语法填空（共10 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分15 分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或者括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1625 的相应位置上。Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said_16_ was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready. After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months_17_(early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We _18_（tell）that our rooms hadn t been reserved for that week, _19_ for the week after. I didn t understand _20_ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged _21_ the reservation. What s worse, the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was _22_ （surprise）helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on _23_top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren t charged extra.The next day, my brother and I went to the beach _24_we watched some people play 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - volleyball. We got a little_25_ （sunburn） ，but the day had been so relaxing that we didn t mind. 答案及解析： （“ 可乐 ” 解释）本文是讲我和我兄弟去Miami( 迈阿密 )旅游，当到达目的地后，来到六个月前订的宾馆，却意外被告知订的房间是下个星期的，且该宾馆房间已订满。正当不知如何办时，经理出来了，将他们安排在留出来的VIP 房间，且不另外收他们的钱，这真是个意外的意外。16. it 在 said 后的宾语从句中缺主语，应填代词；指代前句中的Miami 这个地方，应用it。17. earlier 在句中作状语，依然用副词；不变词性，可考虑用比较级；由时态had made，可知是 “ 早在六个月前 ” 就订好了。18. were told 由句意或tell sb. sth.这一句型结构可知，是“ 我们被告知 ” ，由上下文的时态可知，用一般过去时的被动语态。19. but 这是考虑not but 结构，意为 “ 不是为那个星期订的，而是为后一个星期所订的” 。20. why /how 意为 “ 我不知道为什么会发生这样的事/这是怎样发生的” ，故用 why/how 引导宾语从句。21. for 因 charge for 是习惯搭配。22. surprisingly 因本句已有作表语的形容词helpful ，所以应当用副词来修饰形容词helpful ，指 “ 令人惊讶地，意外的” ，故填 surprisingly 。23. the 特指 “ 在顶楼 ” 。24. where 先行词是地点the beach 且在定语从句中作状语，故填 where (=on which =and on the beach =and there)。25. sunburnt 在表示 “ 变化 ” 的 got 后作表语，要用形容词；sunburn 是名词。 阅读（共两节，满分50 分）第一节阅读理解（共20 小题；每小题2 分，满分40 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A Samuel Osmond is a 19-year-old law student from Cornwall, England. He never studied the piano. However, he can play very difficult musical pieces by musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them. He learns a piece of music by listening to it in parts. Then he thinks about the notes in his head. Two years ago, he played his first piece Moonlight Sonata （奏鸣曲） by Beethoven. He surprised everyone around him. Amazed that he remembered this long and difficult piece of music and played it perfectly, his teachers say Samuel is unbelievable. They say his ability is very rare, but Samuel doesn t even realize that what he can do is special. Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wish of his parents, but music teachers told him he should study music instead. Now, he studies law and music. Samuel can t understand why everyone is so surprised. “ I grew up with music. My mother played the piano and my father played the guitar. About two years ago, I suddenly decided to start playing the piano, without being able to read music and without having any lessons. It comes easily to me -I hear the notes and can bear them in mind- each and every note,” says Samuel.Recently, Samuel performed a piece during a special event at his college. The piece had more than a thousand notes. The audience was impressed by his amazing performance. He is now 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - learning a piece that is so difficult that many professional pianists can t play it. Samuel says confidently, “ It s all about super memory- I guess I have that gift.”However, Samuel s ability to remember things doesn t stop with music. His family says that even when he was a young boy, Samuel heard someone read a story, and then he could retell the story word for word. Samuel is still only a teenager. He doesn t know what he wants to do in the future. For now, he is just happy to play beautiful music and continue his studies. 26. What is special about Samuel Osmond? A. He has a gift for writing music. B. He can write down the note he hears. C. He is a top student at the law school. D. He can play the musical piece he hears. 27. What can we learn from Paragraph 2? A.Samuel chose law against the wish of his parents. B. Samuel planned to be a lawyer rather than a musician. C. Samuel thinks of himself as a man of great musical ability. D. Samuel studies law and music on the advice of his teachers. 28. Everyone around Samuel was surprised because he _. A. received a good early education in music B. played the guitar and the piano perfectly C. could play the piano without reading music D. could play the guitar better than his father 29. What can we infer about Samuel in Paragraph 4? A. He became famous during a special event at his college. B. He is proud of his ability to remember things accurately. C. He plays the piano better than many professional pianists. D. He impressed the audience by playing all the musical pieces. 30. Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A. The Qualities of a Musician B. The Story of a Musical Talent C. The Importance of Early Education D. The Relationship between Memory and Music. 答案及解析：本文是记叙文，介绍有音乐天才的Samuel Osmond。26. D 细节理解题。由第一段中的However, he can play very difficult musical pieces by musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them可知选 D。顺便提醒，有however 或 but 的地方往往是出题的地方，可以注意哟。27. B 细节理解题。由第二段最后两句“ Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wish of his parents,but music teachers told him he should study music instead. Now, he studies law and music”可知选 B，Samuel 按照父母的意愿是想做律师的，而不是做音乐家。因按父母的意愿是学法律，按老师的建议学音乐，故D 错。28. C 综合细节题。由第三段最一句Samuel can t understand why everyone is so surprised和第三四句“I suddenly decided to start playing the pia no, without being able to read music and without having any lessons. It comes easily to me -I hear the notes and can bear them in 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - mind- each and every note”可知，他不用看音符就能演奏钢琴，故选C。29. B 推断隐含意义。由第四段最后一句Samuel says confidently, “ It s all about super memory- I guess I have that gift.”可推出。30. B 选择标题题。也属主旨要义题。每段都有Samuel，全文都是说学法津的Samuel 有音乐天才。B It was a cold winter day. A woman drove up to the Rainbow Bridge tollbooth (收费站 ). “ I m paying for myself, and for the six cars behind me,” she said with a smile, handing over seven tickets. One after another, the next six drivers arriving at the tollbooth were informed, “ Some lady up ahead already paid your fare.”It turned out that the woman, Natalie Smith, had read something on a friend s refrigerator: “ Practice random kindness and senseless acts of beauty.” The phrase impressed her so much that she copied it down. Judy Foreman spotted the same phrase on a warehouse wall far away from home. When it stayed on her mind for days, she gave up and drove a ll the way back to copy it down. “ I thought it was beautiful,” she said, explaining why she d taken to writing it at the bottom of all her letters, “ like a message from above.” Her husband, Frank, liked the phrase so much that he put it up on the classroom wall for his students, one of whom was the daughter of Alice Johnson, a local news reporter. Alice put it in the newspaper, admitting that though she liked it, she didn t know where it came from or what it really meant. Two days later, Alice got a call from Anne Herbert, a woman living in Marin. It was in a restaurant that Anne wrote the phrase down on a piece of paper, after turning it around in her mind for days. “ Here s the idea,” Anne says. “ Anything you think there should be more of, do it randomly.” Her fantasies include painting the classrooms of shabby schools, leaving hot meals on kitchen tables in the poor part of town, and giving money secretly to a proud old lady. Anne says, “ Kindness can build on itself as much as violence can.”The acts of random kindness spread. If you were one of those drivers who found your fare paid, who knows what you might have been inspired to do for someone else later. Like all great events, kindness begins slowly, with every single act. Let it be yours! 31. Why did Natalie Smith pay for the six cars behind her? A. She knew the car drivers well. B. She wanted to show kindness. C. She hoped to please others. D. She had seven tickets. 32. Judy Foreman copied down the phrase because she _. A. thought it was beautifully written B. wanted to know what it really meant C. decided to write it on a warehouse wall D. wanted her husband to put it up in the classroom 33. Who came up with the phrase according to the passage? A. Judy Foreman. B. Natalie Smith. C. Alice Johnson. D. Anne Herbert. 34. Which of the following statements is closest in the meaning to the underlined sentence above? A. Kindness and violence can change the world. B. Kindness and violence can affec t one s behavior.C. Kindness and violence can reproduce themselves. 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - D. Kindness and violence can shape one s character.35. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. People should practice random kindness to those in need. B. People who receive kindness are likely to offer it to others. C. People should practice random kindness to strangers they meet. D. People who receive kindness are likely to pay it back to the giver. 答案及解析：31. B 细节推断题。第一段说Natalie Smith 为其后面的六辆车交费，第二段交等了其中的原因，是她看到的“Practice random kindness and senseless acts of beauty”这句话给了她深刻印象，由此推断，她是受这句话的启发，“ 想给他人施恩 ” ，故选 B。32. A 细节理解题。由第三段第三句“ I thought it was beautiful,” she said, explaining why she d taken to writing it at the bottom of all her letters可知， 选 A。选项 B 文中无信息支持，无中生有； 选项 C“ 决定将其写在仓库墙上” 与文中 “ 看到离家很远的一个仓库墙上看到这句话”意义不同， 张冠李戴；虽然文中有她老公将其写在教室的墙上，但并不是她要他写的，更不是她抄写这句话的目的，与事实不符。33. D 细节理解题。本题是问“ 谁想出这句话来的” ，由第四段中的“ It was in a restaurant that Anne wrote the phrase down on a piece of paper”可知，是Anne Herbert 想出这句话来的。可用排除法， Natalie Smith 是在朋友的冰霜上看到的，Judy Foreman 是在仓库的墙上抄下来的， Alice Johnson 是从她女儿那得知的，她女儿是因为Judy Foreman 的老公将此句写在教室的墙上而得知的，故不是这三个人想出来的。34. C 推断句子意义。 推断词、 短语或句子意思，需结合上下文去理解。本段中先是Anne Herbert 解释她想出的那句话意为：你认为 (生活中或世界上)应该多一些存在的事，那么你就随意去做这样的事。接说着她想象中的这类事包括“ 给破旧教室粉墙”“在穷人区的厨房里留下热饭 ” 等善举。那么该段结尾的话“ 善举和暴力一样可以在它们自己的基础上建立起来” ，其真正的含义是什么呢？再看看接下来这一段，特别是第一句“ 随意的善举是可以传播或蔓延” ，可知 “ 善举同暴力一样是可以自我繁衍的” ，故选 C。35. B 推理判断题。 由最后一段的第一和第二句可以推知：受到恩惠的人很可能会施惠于他人，将恩惠传播下去。C Like many new graduates, I left university full of hope for the future but with no real idea of what I wanted to do. My degree, with honors, in English literature had not really prepared me for anything practical. I knew I wanted to make a difference in the world somehow, but I had no idea how to do that. That s when I learned about t