一般将来时与过去将来时知识点总结(2页).doc

-语法讲解：一般将来时【一般将来时定义】：一般将来时表示与现在相比，将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。 【一般将来时常见时间状语】：tomorrow明天，the day after tomorrow后天，soon很快，before long不久之后，in three days (weeks) 三天（周）后，next week (month, year)下周(下个月、明年)，some day 将来的某一天等等。【一般将来时的构成】一般将来时肯定句构成方式： 主语+ will / shall +动词（原形）+ 例句：I will buy some books tomorrow. 主语+ be going to + 动词（原形）+ 例句：I am going to buy some books tomorrow.一般将来时否定句构成方式： 主语+ will / shall +not +动词（原形）+ 例句：I will not buy some books tomorrow. 主语+ be +not+ going to + 动词（原形）+ 例句：I am not going to buy some books tomorrow.一般将来时疑问句构成方式： Will / Shall +主语+动词原形+ ？例句：Will you buy some books tomorrow? Be +主语+going to + 动词原形+？ 例句：Are you going to buy some books tomorrow？ 回答方式：肯定回答： Yes,主语(代词)+will Yes,主语（代词）+ be 否定回答： No,主语（代词）+will +not No, 主语（代词）+be + not注意：在回答“Shall I ”的问句时，一般不用shall直接作答，而用“Yes, please. / No, please dont.”【一般将来时的基本用法】含义及用法例句will/shall1. 将来发生的事情The rain will stop soon.2. 征求对方的意见或客气的邀请Shall we go there at five?Will you please open the door?be going to1. 表示近期或事先考虑过的将要发生的动作We're going to meet outside the school gate.2. 已有迹象表明必将发生某事Look! It's going to rain.be about to马上做某事They're about to leave.be to1. 按计划要发生的事He is to visit Japan next year.2. 征求意见Are we to go on with this work?3. 命令、指示You are to finish the work before nine.【一般将来时的特殊用法】一般将来时的特殊用法（1）用现在进行时表示将来时。这类此多为表示位置转移动词，如：go, come, leave, start, arrive等。例句1：_ Im coming._。例句2：_ They're leaving for Beijing. （2）用一般现在时表示将来时。 根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作；例句：_ The new term starts (begins) on August 29th.。 在时间和条件状语从句中，都可用一般现在时表示将来时。 例句：_ If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go out for a picnic._。注意：be about to do 常常和when引导的从句连用例句：_ I was about to go out for a walk when it rained.过去将来时【过去将来时定义】：表示在过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。即：过去将来时是“立足过去,着眼未来”的一种时态，常用于宾语从句中。【过去将来时基本构成】：过去将来时的构成和一般将来时一样，只不过把助动词be变为过去式，或把will， shall变为过去式（would, should）即可。主语+would/should+动词原形 例句： I didnt know if he would come or not. 主语+was/were+going to/about to 例句： I heard that they were going to return to Shanghai soon. 过去将来时否定句构成：_主语+would/should/+not+动词原形+ 例句：I would not go abroad at that time._ 主语 + was/were not going to/ about to +动词原形+ 其他 例句：_I wasnt about to leave when he came in._过去将来时一般疑问句句构成方式：_Would（Should）+主语+动词原形/例句：_Would you go shopping with me if you were at home?/Was/Were+主语+going to+动词原形 例句：Was he going to leave when I came in? 回答方式：肯定回答：Yes，主语+would/should. Yes,主语+be（was、were）。 否定回答： No，主语+wouldnt/shouldnt No,主语+be+not（wasnt、werent） 【过去将来时用法】：过去将来时的用法和一般将来时的用法基本一致，因此下面只介绍几种过去将来时比较独特的用法。特殊用法例句过去将来时一般用于主句为过去时的宾语从句中。He said that he would stay with us. He told us that he would come back the next day.过去将来时也可用于虚拟语气中If I were you, I would not do that. If he were here, he would show us how to do it. 条件状语从句和时间状语从句中须用一般过去时代替过去将来时。I didnt know when she would come, but when she came I would let you know.The teacher said that it would be very difficult to make progress if I didnt work hard.-第 2 页-