同等学力申硕英语写作十二条规律.doc

新阳光教育同等学力申硕英语写作十二条规律下面是同等学力英语写作总结出十二条规律，供在职研究生在平日学习中借鉴参考。1. 表示原因1）There are three reasons for this.2）The reasons for this are as follows.3）The reason for this is obvious.4）The reason for this is not far to seek.5）The reason for this is that.6）We have good reason to believe that.例如：There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life.Firstly，people´s living standard has been greatly improved.Secondly，most people are well paid， and they can afford what they need or like.Last but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life.注：如考生写第一个句子没有把握，可将其改写成两个句子。如：Great changes have taken place in our life. There are three reasons for this.这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。2.表示好处1）It has the following advantages.2）It does us a lot of good.3）It benefits us quite a lot.4）It is beneficial to us.5）It is of great benefit to us.例如：Books are like friends.They can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizons.Therefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us.3.表示坏处1）It has more disadvantages than advantages.2）It does us much harm.3）It is harmfulto us.例如：However，everything dividesinto two.Television can also be harmful to us.It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching televi- sion.4.表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能1）It is important(necessary，difficult，convenient， possible）for sb.to do sth.2）We think it necessary to do sth.3）It plays an important role in our life.例如：Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in business.Soon， computers will be found in every home，too.We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age.5.表示措施1）We should take some effective measures.2）We should try our best to overcome(conquer）the difficulties.3）We should do our utmost in doing sth.4）We should solve the problems that we are confronted(faced）with.例如：The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious.Therefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it.6.表示变化1）Some changes have taken place in the past five years.2）A great change will certainly be produced in the world´s communications.3）The computer has brought about many changes in education.例如：Some changes have taken place in people´s diet in the past five years.The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek.Nowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins.7.表示事实、现状1）We cannot ignore the fact that.2）No one can deny the fact that.3）There is no denying the fact that.4）This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in.5）However，that´s not the case.例如：We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollution.To solve these problems， we can start by educating the public about the hazards of pollution.The government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment.8.表示比较1）Compared with A，B.2）I prefer to read rather than watch TV.3）There is a striking contrast between them.例如：Compared with cars，bicycles have several advantages besides being affordable.Firstly，they do not consume natural resources of petroleum.Secondly，they do not cause the pollution problem.Last but not least，they contribute to people´s health by giving them due physical exercise.9.表示数量1）It has increased(decreased）from.to.2）The population in this city has now increased (decreased）to 800，000.3）The output of July in this factory increased by 15% compared with that of January.例如：With the improvement of the living standard，the proportion of people´s income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has increased.再如：From the graph listed above，itcan be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000.注：“From the graph listed above，it can be seen that”见句式12.考生将句式9和句式12结合在一起，便可较好地写出2002年6月CET -4、6短文写作的第一段。10.表示看法1）People have(take，adopt，assume）different attitudes towards sth.2）People have different opinions on this problem.3）People take different views of(on）the question.4）Some people believe that.Others argue that.例如：People have different attitudes towards failure.Some believe that failure leads to success.Every failure they experience translates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavor.However， others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category of losers.11.表示结论1）In short，it can be said that .2）It may be briefly summed up as follows.3）From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that . 例如：From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that examination is necessary，however， its method should be improved.注：例句1可用于任何一个段落的结论句;例句3则多用文章结论段的第一句。12.套语1）It´s well known to us that .2）As is known to us，3）This is a topic that is being widely talked about.4）From the graph(table，chart）listed above，it can be seen that .例如：As is well known to us，it is important for the students to know the world outside campus.The reason for this is obvious.Nowadays，the society is changing and developing rapidly，and the campus is no longer an”ivory tower.As college students，we must get in touch with the world outside the campus.Only in this way can we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graduate.相关阅读：2012年同等学力成绩查询  同等学力是什么意思 2013同等学力英语阅读理解提速技巧一、掌握文章的组织结构 文章和段落在长度上有明显不同，但是在结构上是非常相似的。段落通常由一个主题句引出，接着是一系列说明主题句的细节，最后是结尾句。同样，文章是由篇首段、主体段和结论段三部分组成。引言段揭示主题，正文部分对主题分点阐述，结论段对全文归纳总结。同时，无论文章还是段落都要遵循一致性和连贯性的原则。可以说，文章是段落的扩展， 段落是文章的缩影。 1.篇首段目的在于揭示主题，也就是说，引出文中要讨论的核心问题，从而起到统领全文的作用。通常，篇首段由引语句和中心思想句两部分组成。前者目的是引起读者的兴趣，同时使读者对文章要讨论的问题在心理上有所准备。后者向读者交待该文的主题或写作目的。总之，篇首段的作用就是使读者顺利地进入正文。 2.主体段一般由若干段落组成，它们从不同的侧面对文章的主题展开讨论。各段阐述的内容必须与主题一致，有助于说明中心思想，但是只涉及主题的一个方面。 3.结尾段概括全文的内容，使读者对全文有一个完整、清晰的认识。它往往使用不同的话重新阐述中心思想，从而与篇首段相呼应。 二、掌握段落的组织与发展方式 (一) 段落的组织结构 段落是若干相关句子围绕一个中心思想或为表达一个统一的主题而组合在一起的写作单位。一般而言，段落结构的组织有如下四种方式： 1.演绎型(general-specific)：即段落开头先给一个General statements，之后为Specific sentences。这种段落组织模式最为常见，而且多应用于说明、解释类主题结构的文章中。 2.匹配型(matching)：段落的发展主线为两种事物之间的类比，可以是两种事物各自优缺点的一一对应，也可以是先介绍完一个事物，再接着介绍另一个事物。这种结构多用于比较类主题结构的文章中。 3.假设真实型(hypothetical-real)：即作者先提出一种普遍认可或某些人认可的主张和观点，然后进行澄清，说明自己的主张和观点，或者说提出反主张或真实情况。这种组织结构常见于反驳类主题结构的文章中。 4.问题解决型(problem-solution)：首先陈述文章背景(situation)，在该背景下问题(problem)提出，然后给出问题的解决方法(solution)或对该问题的反应(response)，最后评估该方法(evaluation)。该模式常用于科学论文和新闻报道主题结构的文章中。相关阅读：2012年同等学力成绩查询  同等学力是什么意思