ahead of, manage, avoid, occur, fold, vary, get through, tear, as to, while, 否+比,doing.ppt

1.avoid doing/n It is hard to avoid mistakes.We must try to avoid repeating these mistakes.避免，错过，少延期避免，错过，少延期（avoid miss put off)建议，完成，多练习建议，完成，多练习(suggest finish practise)喜欢，想象，禁不住喜欢，想象，禁不住(enjoy imagine cant help)承认，否定，与嫉妒承认，否定，与嫉妒(admit deny envy)逃避，冒险，莫原谅逃避，冒险，莫原谅(escape risk excuse)忍受，保持，忍受，保持，不介意不介意(stand keep mind)2.ahead ofA)in front of 在在前面前面 I can see a car ahead of us.B)ahead of time 更早更早,提前提前 The new building was finished ahead of time.C)doing better than other people 更好更好 Tom is ahead of the other students in his class.3.manage A)The department store was badly managed.B)The repair is difficult but I can manage(it).*He tired to get the work done with little help.*He managed to get the work done with little help.设法完成设法完成(强调结果强调结果)4.occur:happen,take place 发生发生When did the accident occur?come into(one mind)想起想起An idea has occurred to me.It occurred to sb.that.某人突然想起了某人突然想起了It occurs/occurred to sb.to do sth.某人想起干某事某人想起干某事It never occurred to her to ask anyone.她从未想到问问他人她从未想到问问他人.Just as I was leaving the house,it occurred to me that I had forgotten my keys.我就要离开房子时我就要离开房子时,我想起来忘带了钥我想起来忘带了钥匙匙.Notes to reading:1.Words are important,but the way a person stands,folds his or her arms,or moves his or her hands can also give us information about his or her feelings.fold1)交交(臂臂);叉叉(手手);(鸟鸟)收拢收拢(翅膀翅膀)fold ones armsfold ones handsfold its wings2)折叠，对折折叠，对折反义词反义词unfold(打开，展开打开，展开)She folded the letter and put it in an envelope2.Just like spoken language,body language varies from culture to culture.vary vt.改变，使多样化改变，使多样化 vi.变化，不同变化，不同vi.1)vary in “(在在方面方面)相异或不同相异或不同”e.g.These sweaters vary in size and colour.2)vary fromto “因因(人事物地区等不同人事物地区等不同)持续持续不断地变化或改变不断地变化或改变”e.g.His mood varied from day to day.3)vary with/according to“随随变化而变变化而变化化”e.g.The prices vary with/according to the season.variety(n)various(adj)2.Just like spoken language,body language varies from culture to culture.vary v.变化变化Eg:价格随季节变化。价格随季节变化。The price according to the season.天气变化很大，会从很冷到相当暖和。天气变化很大，会从很冷到相当暖和。The weather varied very cold very warm.variesfromto3.A smile can help you get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.get through1)度过度过(时间时间)2)做完做完，读完，写完，吃完，读完，写完，吃完How long does it take you to get through a letter.3)通过通过(考试，议案等考试，议案等)He got through the driving test last week.4)(电话电话)接通接通The line is busy.I cant get through.3.A smile can help us get through difficult situations 1.我想象不出他会怎样度过这些时间。我想象不出他会怎样度过这些时间。I cant imagine how hell the time.2.令人惊讶的是他能通过这次考试令人惊讶的是他能通过这次考试.Its surprising that he can this exam.3.我试着给你打电话了，但是打不通。我试着给你打电话了，但是打不通。I tried to phone you but I couldnt .get throughget throughget throughEg:I _ the written papers but failed in the oral examination.Agot through Blooked through Cwent through Dlived through Readers can _ quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word.Aget over Bget in Cget along Dget through越过、克服越过、克服 进展、相处进展、相处 查阅；浏览查阅；浏览 收到、插话收到、插话 经历；审阅；查看经历；审阅；查看 4.A smile can open doors and tear down walls.tearopentear sth.into piecestear attear oneself away from把撕开把撕开把撕成碎片把撕成碎片撕扯着撕扯着恋恋不舍地离开恋恋不舍地离开不忍离开不忍离开5.There are also differences as to how often we touch each other,as to 还可用作介词，意为还可用作介词，意为“关于，说到关于，说到”，后接名词。，后接名词。Eg:关于钱，他漠不关心。关于钱，他漠不关心。money,he doesnt care.what she ought to do.As toas to 在此用作连词，引导从句，意为在此用作连词，引导从句，意为“关于，至于关于，至于”，但后跟从句常不翻译出来。，但后跟从句常不翻译出来。Eg:她根本不知道自己应该做什么她根本不知道自己应该做什么.。She had no idea at all as to .后跟后跟“疑问词疑问词+不定式不定式”He was uncertain as to which road to take.6.While there are many different interpretations of our body language,while作作“虽然；尽管虽然；尽管”解，表示让步，相当于解，表示让步，相当于though或或although,多放在句首。多放在句首。Eg:虽然我了解你的见解，但我还是不能同意你。虽然我了解你的见解，但我还是不能同意你。I understand your view,I dont agree with you.While I admit that the problems are difficult,I dont agree that they cant be solved.While7.And if we are feeling down or lonely,there is nothing better than to see the smiling face of a good friend.“”有时表示非常肯定的意义（有时相有时表示非常肯定的意义（有时相当于最高级）当于最高级）Eg:We couldnt feel better.We feel the best.Nothing is more valuable than health.Health is the most valuable.否定词否定词+比较级比较级-ing 形式用作主语1.1.-ing-ing形式形式作主语时作主语时,谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数e.g.e.g.Reading is important in learning English.Reading is important in learning English.2.2.常用常用-inging 形式形式作主语的句型作主语的句型It is/was It is/was a waste ofa waste ofno good/useno good/useworthwhileworthwhilev-ingv-ingThere is/wasThere is/wasno sense in(no sense in(没道理没道理)no point in(no point in(没意义没意义)v-ingv-ingIt is no good/use complainingIt is no good/use complaining_ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.A.The president will attendB.The president to attendC.The president attendedD.The presidents attending-ing 形式用作宾语形式用作宾语She cant help crying at a sad movie.He avoided giving us a definite answer.他避免给我们作肯定回答。他避免给我们作肯定回答。The doctor advises taking exercises.She doesnt allow smoking in her house.Would you mind filling out this form?避免，错过，少延期避免，错过，少延期（avoid miss put off)建议，完成，多练习建议，完成，多练习(suggest finish practise)喜欢，想象，禁不住喜欢，想象，禁不住(enjoy imagine cant help)承认，否定，与嫉妒承认，否定，与嫉妒(admit deny envy)逃避，冒险，莫原谅逃避，冒险，莫原谅(escape risk excuse)忍受，保持，忍受，保持，不介意不介意(stand keep mind)-ing形式用作表语形式用作表语The real problem is getting to know the needs of the customers.真正的问题是了解顾客的需要真正的问题是了解顾客的需要Her job is raising pigs.Seeing is believing.眼见为实。眼见为实。_ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.A.The president will attendB.The president to attendC.The president attendedD.The presidents attending注意：注意：以上的以上的-ing结构在句中结构在句中分别充当主语、宾语分别充当主语、宾语和表语，相当于一个和表语，相当于一个名词功能，所以我们名词功能，所以我们称之为称之为动名词动名词。其实。其实-ing结构也可以有形容结构也可以有形容词和副词的功能，可词和副词的功能，可以充当定语、状语和以充当定语、状语和宾语补足语等，这是宾语补足语等，这是我们就称其为我们就称其为现在分现在分词词。