定语从句(二).ppt

定语从句(二)关系代词that与which的用法区别1.只用that，不用which的情况1)先行词为不定代词，如all,much,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one,something等。e.g.Is there anything _ I can do for you?Everything _ can be done has been done.He has got all _ he needs.(that)that(that)all that=whatHe has got what he needs.2)先行词被only,very,just,last,one of,all,no,little,few,any等词修饰时，只能用that引导。The only thing _ I can do is to have a rest.You can borrow any book _ you want to read.(that)(that)3)先行词有序数词或形容词最高级时e.g.1.This is the best film _ I have ever seen.2.The first place _ they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill(that)(that)4)先行词即有人又有物时，只用that。e.g.They talked about the persons and things _ they could remember.5)其他：1.He built up a factory which produced things _hadnever been seen before.(避免重复)2.There is a book on the desk _ belongs to Frank.3.He brought two cats yesterday.Now I can see the two_ are playing in the garden.(先行词是数词)thatthatthat(that)2.只用which，不用that1)当关系代词前面有介词时2)引导非限制性定语从句时3)先行词是that,those时4)为了避免重复时。e.g.1.This is the house of _ the windows face south.2.His dog,_ was very old,became ill.3.Whats that _ was bright in the car?4.Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library _ was newly open to us.5.Tom came back,_ made us happy.whichwhichwhichwhichwhich关系代词as引导的定语从句1)用于固定搭配，先行词与as,so,such,the same连用时e.g.You can wait for me at the same place _ we did.Beijing is the same _ it used to be.We need the materials _is being used in your factory.We need such materials _ is being used in your factory.asasasthat/which2)as 引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句，常常理解为“正如那样”，as从句可放句首或句末。_is well known,the earth is round.主_we know,Taiwan belongs to China.宾We jumped for joy at the news,_was natural.主Bamboo is hollow,_ makes it very light.whichAsAsas使用定语从句应注意的几个问题1)当先行词是way,表示方式方法时，引导词用in which,that,或省略。This is the way _ I study English.The way _ he did it was interesting.This is the best way _ can solve the problem.in which/(that)in which/(that)that2)注意区别下列两种句中的先行词和引导词。Is this n.+the one 引导词./Is this+the n.引导词Is this school _ you visited?Is this school _ you study?the one(that)the one whereIs this the school _ you visited?Is this the school _ you study?(that/which)where/in which3)注意区别定语从句和强调句It is+名词 that/which (定语从句)It is+介词+名词 that (强调句)It is the place _ he was born in.It is the place _he was born.It is in the place _ he was born.(which/that)where/in whichthat4)注意区别定语从句和同位语从句The news _ he announced made us excited.The news _ we would have two days off made us excited.(that/which)that5)定语从句的关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的形式根据句子先行词来确定，即先行词为单数，从句谓语动词为单数，先行词为复数，从句谓语动词为复数。e.g.1.I who _(be)a student must study hard.2.He is one of the students who _(be)late for school.3.He is the only one of the students who _(be)late for school.4.She is the only girl who _(know)the answer to the questions.5.The girls who _(be)singing are from Beijing.amareisknowsare6.关系代词前带介词的定语从句1.Great changes are taking place in the city _they live.2.The film _ Im speaking is to be shown at the Peoples Cinema next week.3.This is the teacher _ weve learnt a lot.4.The policeman _ Mr Henry is talking in the office is a friend of mine.关系which,whom在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，从句常由“介词+which(或whom)”引出。in whichof whichfrom whomwith whom1、这类从句中的介词也可放在从句的末尾，这时关系代词可以省略The man _we sent the present to is a doctor of law.The man _ we sent the present is a doctor of law.(whom/that)to whom2、定语从句也可以由“名词(或代词或数词)+介词+which(或whom)”引出1.The house the windows of which were damaged has now 2.been repaired.2.We have two spare rooms upstairs,neither of which has been much used in the past two years.Thank you!