2022年初一英语语法时态专题复习.docx

精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -精编学习资料欢迎下载初一英语语法,时态专题复习一、一般现在时： （ 1、现在的状态.2、常常或习惯性动作.3、主语所具备的性格和才能.4、真理.1、标志： often（常常） ,usually（通常） ,sometimes（有时） ,always（总是） ,never（从不） ,on Sundays（在星期天） every day/month/year （每一天 /月/年）2、结构：（ 1）主语 +连系动词beam/is/are+ 名词 /形容词 /数词 /介词短语 /副词等做表语表状态（包括There be +n. ）练习： 1.I be a student.My name be Tom.2. Where be my shoes. They be here.3. Who be the girl with long straight hair. I think she be Kate.4. You and I not be in Class Six.5. be there a supermarket on the Fifth Avenue. Yes, there be.6. her parent tall. No, he .（ 2）主语（非第三人称单数）+行为动词原形+其他（用助动词do 帮忙构成否定句、一般疑问句和特别疑问）（ 3）主语（第三人称单数）+行为动词的第三人称单数+其他（用助动词does 帮忙构成否定句、一般疑问句和特别疑问句）行为动词第三人称单数加-s 的形式 1.- s 2.辅音 +y: study-studies 3. 以 s,x,ch,sh结尾 watch-watchesteach-teaches4特 殊 have-has do-does go-goes.1His parents watch TV every night.确定句1 My brother do homework every day. 2His parents not watch every night. 否定句 2My brother not dohomework every day. 3 his parents watch TV every night. 一般疑 3 your brother homework every day.Yes, they .No, they .Yes, he .No, he .4When his parents watch TV.特疑4When your brother do homework.They watch TV every night.He does homework every day.二现在进行时：表示说话瞬时或现阶段正在进行的动作.1、 标志 : now（现在） listen（看） look（听） at the moment （此刻） 2、 结构 :主语 +助动词 beam/is/are+ 行为动词的现在分词doing现在分词的构成：1.-ing: eat-eating,sing-singing2.辅音字母 +e: take-taking3. sit, put, begin, run, swim, stop, get, shop,get（双写最终一个辅音字母,再加ing.） 4、特别变化： lie-lying,die-dying练习： 1. Jim takephotos in the parknow.2. Jim nottake in the parknow. 3. Jim take photos in the park now. Yes, he . No, he .4. Where Jim photos now.In the park.1.我们正在吃晚餐.2、我们每天6 点起床.We .We at six every day. 3你们在谈天吗？是的.4、他们常常谈天吗？不是. they .Yes, they . they often . No, they .5、他在做什么？他在做作业.6、他晚上常干什么？他常做作业.What he .He .What he usually in the evening. He usually .答案：1.are having dinner2. get up3. Are , talking , are4. Do , talk, don t5. is doing, is doing homework6. does, do, does , homework综合练习： 1.Mr Green be a worker. Now he work in the field. 2.Listen. Who sing. 3.What time your brother usually do his homework. 4.You can come here by bus.5. Who have a ruler.6.Are they clean the room.7.- you eat dinner. Yes, we are.8.Jack have a soccer ball, but he not have a basketball. 9. Jim like run. 10.They be from Canada. They not speak Chinese. 11. He wants be tall.三一般过去时态：英语中表示过去某时发生的动作或情形的时态是一般过去时.1、标志 : yesterday（昨天）、 two days ago （两天前 ）、 last year （去年 ）、 the other day （前几天）、once upon a time（很久以前） 、 just now（刚才）、in the old days（ 过去的日子里） 、before liberation（解放前 ）、 When I was 8 years old（当我八岁时 ）、 at+一个时间点可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -精编学习资料欢迎下载2.、表现形式：动词过去式（规章变化和不规章变化两种）3、规章变化： （ 1）一般情形 +ed ,如 pulled visited2 以不发音e 字母结尾的单词+d, 如 liked,danced3 以辅音字母 y结尾去y 变i ed,worried,studied4重读闭音节结尾的单词,末尾只有一个辅音字母双写词尾字母+ed,stopped,shopped4.不规章变化参考不规章动词表5、练习：Hea student.他曾是一名同学.否定句Hea student.一般疑问句he a student.确定回答,.否定回答,.They had a meeting last night.他们昨晚开了一个会.否定句 Theya meeting last night. 一般疑问句theya meeting last night.确定回答,.否定回答,.提问：theylast night.四冠词：英语中冠词分为定冠词（the）、不定冠词（a/an）和零冠词（不用冠词）1.a 用于辅音音素 （不是辅音字母）前.an 用于元音音素 （不是元音字母）前.如,An hour ago, an honest man accepted an honorable task In a university, a European and a one-eyed man walk along a one-way road with a usual tool. This isa usual thing.2.定冠词 the 的用法：定冠词 the 与指示代词this, that 同源,有 那这个的意思,但较弱,可以和一个名词连用,来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西.（上文提到过的人或事.指世界上独一无二的事物.用在序数词和形容词最高级,形容词等前面. 乐器的名词前. 用在惯用语中. 姓氏的复数名词之前表示一家人专出名词前等等） 例如 the sun,the rich 富人, on the second floor, the United States 美国 play the piano, the Greens 格林一家人 或格林夫妇 in the day,在白天3.通常我们在三类名词前不带冠词：复数可数名词、不行数名词和专出名词.但是,用来指特定的事物时,the 可以显现在复数名词和不行数名词前面.Girls like shopping when they are free.女孩总是喜爱在闲暇的时候购物Rice is very important to our country.China is a big country.1. He has already worked for hour. A. the B. an C. a D.不填2. Alice is fond of playing piano. A. the B. an C. a D.不填五数词：基数词和序数词（一） . 基数词 .1.基数词的读法.11-12 : one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve213-19:词尾加 -teen :thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen 320,30,40,50,60,70,80,90 :逢十词尾加 -ty :twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety 421-99:在十位与个位之间加连字符构成.5101-999 : 先说几百 , 再加 and ,再加末尾两位数或个位数.101-one hundred and one238-two hundred and thirty-eight（二） . 序数词基数词变序数词,基数词变序数词口诀一二三, 特别记, 结尾字母t,d,d; first second third 八减 t（ eighth）,九减 eninth,f 来把 v e 替twelfth .ty 变 y 为 i e,然后再加 thtwentieth; 假如遇到遇到几十几,只变个位就可以twenty-one- twenty first .（三） . 数词的应用 .1.序数词前一般加定冠词the2. hundred / thousand /million /billion1. 如 hundred / thousand /million /billion前有基数词时,其后不加s,也不加 of .如没有时,既加 s 也要带 of . Every year visitors come to China.There are two students in our school.A. thousandB.thousandsC.thousands ofD.thousand of2. 日 月 年the + 序数词 +of + 月, 年3 月 21 日-the twenty-first of March ,two thousand and seven.六名词的复数,不行数名词,名词全部格可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可数名词的复数规章变化精编学习资料欢迎下载可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_一、直接加S 清辅音后发 s的音,浊辅音,元音后面发z 的音,在字母t 后面发 ts的音 二、以 s .x .ch .sh.结尾的单词加es , class- classes,box-boxes,dish-dishes,watch-watches（通常发成 iz ）三、以 fe 或 f 结尾的通常变fe 或 f 为 v 再加 esleaf-leaves,knife-knives四、辅音字母加y 结尾的,变y 为 i 再加 esbaby-babies五. 元音字母加y 结尾的直接加smonkey-monkeystoy-toys六. 以 o 为结尾变复数有的加s, piano-pianos,photo-photos,有的加es ,黑人 Negro 英雄 hero爱吃西红柿 tomato土豆 potato有时也吃一点mango但最喜爱的仍是zero零 可 数 名 词 的 复 数 不 规 就 变 化 ： child children , man men woman women , foot feet tooth teeth,mouse mice. sheep, Chinese, Japanese, people 单、复数同形不行数名词： 物质名词或抽象名词, 及动名词, 一般都是不行数名词, 不行数名词只有单数形式. 如,news 新闻 advice 建 议 water 水 ice 冰 tea 茶 meat 肉 milk 牛 奶 age 年 龄 time 时 间 help 帮 助 luck 运 气 work 工 作 swimming 游泳名词全部格： 名词全部格的用法全部格s 或 s 形式主要用于人或一些动物的名称,表示 " 全部 " 或修饰的关系.如 Johns father约翰的父亲,spiders web 蜘蛛网.事物的的全部格常用of 表示,如a map of china,a photoof my family七介词 :一、早、下午、晚要用 in 例 in the morning/ afternoon/ evening /day 在早上 /下午 /白天二、at 清晨、午、夜、点与分 ,例: at dawn, at daybreak 在清晨时候 at noon 在中午 at night 在夜间 at midnight 在午夜at six ocloc在k 6 点钟三、年、月、年月、季节、周,即在 " 某年 " , " 某月 " ,在 " 某年某月 " 详细日就用on,在四季,在第几周等都要用in.stin 1986在 1986 年 in April在四月in December 1986 1986 年 12 月 in spring 在春季in summer在夏季on May 1练习： 1.We begin classes about 8： 00 2. We all like working China. 3.What do you likedoing the evening？ 4.Our school has an Art Festival December 31st every year . 5.What can you see the picture.6.The speech contest is January.八人称代词：我你他她它我们你们他/她 /它们主格：Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格：meyouhimheritusyouthem形容词性物主代词：我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他/她 /它们的 myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词：mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs练习： 1. 我 am a worker. 你 are a doctor. 她 is a teacher.2. This is 他的shirt.3. This is 我的 pen.4. 他们的 trousers are there.5. I like this picture. Please give 它 to 我.6. People get 他们的 money from 我.7. 他们 are new students. 他们的 names are Lucy and Lily.8. These are 我们的 shoes. Can 我们 wear 它们 . 9 Thank for 你的 help.10. 他 loves （她） , and 她 loves （他） ,too. 我 love （你） , and 你 love （我）, too.九情态动词：1、任何主语 +can/may/must 等+动词原形2、主语 + cant/may not/ mustn t 等 +动词原形 3、 Can/May/Must等 + 主语 + 动词原形？4、疑问词 +can/may/must 等+主语 +动词原形？练习：you swim.Yes,but Im not a good swimmer. A.CanB.MayC.NeedD.MustTom,youplay computer games too much. It s bad for your eyes.A.mustntB.didn tC.needn t D.wouldn t十非谓语动词（是固定搭配）可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -精编学习资料欢迎下载1. like+ to do 不定式 /doing 动名词2.want to do sth.3. love to do4. would like to do sth.5. enjoy doing sth.6. thanks for doing7. stop doing sth8. let sb. do sth. She wants have a party.Does he like swim.Thanks for enjoy CCTV show.She never stops talk.十一祈使句：无人称、动词开头,带命令颜色的句子.Go straight and turn left/ right.否定Dont go straight and turn left/ right. Go through Fifth Avenue.否定Dont go through Fifth Avenue.Take a taxi （ Take a bus,Take a walk）否定Dont Take a taxi （ Take a bus, Take a walk）No parking.禁止停车.例 in the street. It s dangerous.A. BN.oNt optlatyo playC. Don tDp.laDyon t to play十二感叹句 感叹句的结构： 1 what + a / an +形容词+ 名词+ 主谓What a clever boy he is.他是多么聪慧的孩子啊What an interesting book you have. 你的书多么好玩啊； 2 what +形容词+ 名词复数：What clever boys you are.你们是多么聪慧的孩子啊； 3 what +形容词+ 不行数名词：What difficult work it is.那是多么困难的工作啊； How +形容词 /副词 +主语 +谓语； How nice she is. How fast he runs.练习： 1. It is quite a nice present. nice priet sisen.t nicethe present is.2. We have fine weather today. weather we have today.3. The children are working hard. the children are working.4. She played basketball wonderfully.she played basketball.十三 .There bebe 单复数由be 后名词打算 句型表示某的有,have/has,主要表示某人有句型转换1There is a bank on the street.2 There are some cars in front of the park.否定句： There a bank on the street.否定句： There cars in front of the bank.一般疑问句： a bank on the street. 一般疑问句： cars in front of the bank.就划线部分提问： on the street.就划线部分提问： in front of the bank.There asbank on the street.There are some cars in front of the bank.同上： are there on the street. 同上： are there in front of the bank There s onolyne.There re some.3） Hetwo sons.他有两个儿子.Theretwo men in the office.办公室里有两个男人.4） There a basketball match tomorrow.A.is going to haveB.are going to have C.is going to beD.are going to be用 have /has填空：1.A dogour legs. A birdtwo legs.2.Our schoola library. 3.We37 chairs in our classroom.4.My sistera nice toy car.5. that girl a doll. No, he6.Tom and his brother a big bedroom. Yes, they十四将以下句子改为否定句、一般疑问句,并就划线部分提问.1. We are eating lunch.We eat lunch at noon.2 He is swimming at a pool.He swims at the pool every day.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -精编学习资料欢迎下载3. Jim and Tony are playing basketball at school.Jim and Tony play basketball on Sundays.4. Sandra is running.Sandra likes running5. There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句： 一般疑问句：确定回答： 否定回答： 6. They played football in the playground.否定句： 一般疑问句：确定回答： 否定回答： 初一代词练习一、用适当的人称代词填空：1. is my aunt. We often visit .2. China is a developing country. lies in the east of Asia.3. Professor Wang sets a good example. We must learn from .4. What day is today. is Thursday.5. How far is the thunder . is three kilometers away.6. I own a blue bike. The red one doesnto_t_b_e_l_o_n_g .7. These new houses are so nice. are very expensive.8. say that those old houses will be rebuilt.9. Is the milkman at the door. Yes, that s .10. The fishermen caught a lot of fish, didn . t11. Ling Ling is a girl. studies in a primary school. Her brother lives with and helps to prepare the lessons.12. The ship is lying at anchor 停靠 . comes from Shanghai13. This photo of your mother is very much like her. I like .14. Mike is my classmate. is good at physics .15. Kate wants a glass of milk. Will you pass it to .16. What s the weather like today . is cloudy.二、用形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词填空1. I ate all sandwiches yesterday. Can I have one of .2. Tell Tom not to forget book. And you mustn t forget .3. George has lost pen. Ask Mary if （是否） she will lend him . 4. Jack has a dog and so have I. dog and had a fight 打架 .5. The teacher wants you to return that book of 6. Mr. and Mrs. Green and a friend of are coming to see us.7. Mary wants to know if （是否）you ve seen a pair of gloves of .8. We are going to Paris to stay with a French friend of 三、用适当的人称代词和物主代词填空A. 从括号内挑选正确的代词填空1. Your football clothes are on the desk. Please put they , them, their , theirs away.2. We , Us, Our , Ours English teacher is Mrs. Green. We all like she, her , hers.3. I , Me , My , Mine cant get my kite. Could you help I , me, my, mine.4. Tom can t get down from the tree. Can you help he, him , his.5. Her kite is broken. Can you , your , yours mend it.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -精编学习资料欢迎下载6. We can t find our bikes. Can you help we, us, our , ours.7. These are he, him , his planes. The white ones are I , me, mine.五、依据句意用适当的人称代词、物主代词填空：1. Mary works in a book store.likeswork very much.2. John and I are in the same school.go to school together.3. Everybody likes that sport, do.4. She is a friend of. We got to know each other two years ago.5. Her sister makes allown dresses.6. I have many friends. Some ofare good at English.7. May I usebike.is broken.8. Everybody is here except Ann and friend Jane. are in the library now.冠词的练习Choose the best answer（挑选正确答案）:1. There is house in the picture. There is old woman near house.A. an; a; the B. a; an ; the C. the ; a; an D. a; the; an2. He has already worked for hour.A. the B. an C. a D.不填3. Alice is fond of playing piano.A. the B. an C. a D.不填4. Beyond stars, the astronaut saw nothing but space.A.不填. the B. the ; the C.不填,不填D. the;不填5. terrible weather weve been having these days.A. How a B. What a C. How D. What6.- Where is Jack. - I think he is still in bed, but he might just be in bathroom. A.不填.不填B. the; the C. the;不填D.不填 ; the7. When do you have breakfast every day. A. a B. an C. the D.不填8. Many people are still in habit of writing silly things in public places.A. the ;不填B. 不填; the C. the ; the D.不填 ; 不填介词专项练习55题 in,on