形容词副词介词和动词短语.pptx

目 录考点要览疑难点击实战演练高三英语学生学习课件第1页/共51页考点要览考点要览高三英语学生学习课件第2页/共51页考点要览形容词和副词介词和动词高三英语学生学习课件第3页/共51页 形容词作定语及多个时的 位置顺序 形容词和副词的比较等级 用法 何时形容词后置 -ly结尾的形容词 定语形容词和表语形容词 词形一致的形容词和副词形容词和副词高三英语学生学习课件第4页/共51页介 词介词基本用法及易混淆介词的区别常见的各种介词搭配及意义易错常考介词及其搭配动 词 形状相似动词的误用及物动词与不及物动词的误用动词短语的形式和意义使用动词时应注意的问题高三英语学生学习课件第5页/共51页疑难点击疑难点击高三英语学生学习课件第6页/共51页疑难点击形容词和副词介 词动 词高三英语学生学习课件第7页/共51页（一）形容词和副词形容词是以修饰名词或表示人或事物的特征的词，在句中充当定语修饰名词，代词，也可做表语表示主语的状态特征，也可做主语，状语副词在句中修饰动词，形容词或其他副词，在句中做状语，个别也做表语，定语，补语。1多个形容词修饰同一名词时的排列顺序：高三英语学生学习课件第8页/共51页形容词和副词多个形容词修饰同一名词时的排列顺序何时形容词后置-ly结尾的形容词同根副词辨析比较等级的常见句型比较等级的修饰语高三英语学生学习课件第9页/共51页123456789101112限限定定词词限定词限定词序数词序数词基数词基数词性质性质状态状态大小大小长短长短高低高低形状形状新旧新旧颜色颜色产地产地国籍国籍质地质地材料材料用途用途动名词动名词名词名词中心词中心词allbothsuchtheaanyourTomsthisthoseanothersomeanyfirstonenextmanylastfewkindnicebadbigsmalllongroundsquarenewoldbrownredblackFrenchChinesecottonironsilkstonewritingwalkingdeskhousestick巧学妙记 限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老；颜色国籍出材料，作用类别往后靠。第10页/共51页2何时形容词后置：（1）修饰不定代词something,anything,nothing,everything等时，例：There is something difficult in this book.（2）形容词后面有介词短语或不定式短语的时候。例：This is a student worth of praise.（3）用and或or连接两个形容词通常放在被修饰的名词之后，起强调修饰的作用。例：They will turn their motherland into a country,beautiful and modern.（4）形容词同表示数量的词组连用时亦放在后面。例：高三英语学生学习课件第11页/共51页 The pipe is twelve feet long.3-ly结尾的形容词：名词+ly结尾构成的词常作形容词。如：live生命，生活 lively生动的，活泼的 love热爱 lovely 可爱的 friend 朋友 friendly 友好的 4同根副词辨析：（1）close接近地 closely 仔细地，密切地 （2）free免费地 freely 自由地，无拘束地 （3）hard 努力地 hardly几乎 （4）late 晚，迟 lately 近来高三英语学生学习课件第12页/共51页（5）most 极，非常 mostly 主要地（6）wide 广阔地 widely 广泛地（7）high 高 highly 高度地，非常地 （8）loud 大声的 loudly大声地（含有喧闹意思）（9）deep 深，迟 deeply 抽象意义上的“深”（10）near 邻近 nearly 几乎5比较等级的常见句型：（1）as+原级+as（as+原级+a/an+单数可数名词+as），其否定形式为not as/so+原级+as（2）比较级+than+比较对象（less+原级+比较对象）高三英语学生学习课件第13页/共51页（3）比较级+and+比较对象或more and more+原级（4）the+比较级，the+比较级（5）the+比较级+of the two（6）the+最高级（+单数可数名词）+of/among+复数名词或in+单数名词（7）be one of/among+the+最高级+复数名词（8）the last+原级（+单数可数名词）+of/among+复数名词或in+单数名词6比较等级的修饰语：（1）修饰原级：fairly,quite,rather,so,very,too等。（2）修饰比较级：much,even,far,rather,still,any,no(而不用very,quite,fairly，Greatly等)，a bit,a little,a head,two metres,a great deal.a lot,by far等。高三英语学生学习课件第14页/共51页介 词原因不同，介词有别易错常考的介词及其搭配高三英语学生学习课件第15页/共51页（3）修饰最高级：by far,much,almost,nearly或序数词等。（二）介词：1原因不同，介词有别：（1）at 常表示某种表情的起因，通常和表示听、看或喜、怒、吃惊等的过去分词或形容词连用。（2）with多用于表示情绪的形容词或身体动作或状态的动词之后，表示某种心理或心理状况的原因。（3）over常用于带有感情色彩的动词cry,weep,laugh,mourn,sigh 等之后，叙述所发生事情的原因。高三英语学生学习课件第16页/共51页（4）from常接抽象名词表示自然或间接原因。（5）of多用于表示自身的原因，如死因、病因等。（6）for多与表示感情的抽象名词或动词及reason,famous等词连用。高三英语学生学习课件第17页/共51页2易错常考的介词及其搭配：be made of 用制成（物理变化）The house is made of wood.那幢房屋是木头造的。be made from用制成（化学变化）Wine is made from grapes.葡萄酒是用葡萄酿成的。be made in（某地）生产 The bikes are made in Tianji.这种自行车是天津生产的。(1).高三英语学生学习课件第18页/共51页 make into 使变为 The huts can be made into temporary house.这些简陋的小屋可改装为临时住宅。make of 对作如何解法 What do you make of this strange letter?你对这封奇怪的信作何想法？养成 He wants to make a doctor of his son.他想把儿子培养成医生。(2).高三英语学生学习课件第19页/共51页have some/great trouble/difficulty(in)doing sth.做某事有困难 I had great difficulty(in)solving the problem.我要解决这个问题很困难。have a habit/idea/plan of doing sth.有做某事的习惯/方法/计划 She has a habit of reading in bed.她习惯在床上看书。(3).高三英语学生学习课件第20页/共51页call at+访问对象是家 Ill call at his house later.等下我要顺道去他家里拜访。call on+访问对象是人 Ill call on him later.等下我要去他那里拜访他。call for sb.=go and pick sb.up 去接某人 Ill call for you at four.=Ill go and pick you up at four.我将于4点去接你。call on to do 向要求 The teacher called on me to speak at the meeting.老师让我在会上发言。(4).高三英语学生学习课件第21页/共51页be pleased to do sth.乐意做某事 He will be pleased to help you.他会乐意帮助你。be pleased with sb./sth.对满意；满足于 She is pleased with the gift.她对这件礼物很满意。Im very(much)pleased with what she has one.我对她所做的事感到满意。(5).高三英语学生学习课件第22页/共51页betiredfrom因而疲倦 Hewasverytiredfromrunning.他因跑步而很疲倦。betiredof厌烦 Imtiredofboiledeggs.我吃厌了煮鸡蛋。Shegottiredofreading.她厌烦了读书。(6).第23页/共51页insistondoingsth.坚持要做某事 Sheinsistedonstayinghere.她坚持要呆在这里。persistindoingsth.坚持要做某事（坚持做不好的事居多）Hepersistsinwearingthatold-fashionedhat.他坚持要戴那顶旧帽子。goondoningsth.继续做原来正在做的事 Ihopeitwontgoonrainingallday.我希望不会整天下雨。(7).第24页/共51页He stole a book from the shelf.steal+偷窃物+from+人或地点他从书架上偷了本书。He stole money from her.=He stole her money.他偷了她的钱。rob+人或地点+of+偷窃物 He robbed her of her money.他抢了她的钱。(8).第25页/共51页bymeansof 使用 Weexpressourfeelingsbymeansofwords.我们使用语言表达情感。bywayof 经过，经由 HecamebywayofBeijing.他经由北京来此。bytheway 顺便说一下（常用作插入语）Bytheway,whereareyougoing?顺便问一下，你要去哪儿？onthe/onesway 在途中Imethimonmywayto/fromschool.我在上学（放学）途中碰到他。Heisonthewaytosuccess.他正走在成功的路上。inthe/onesway 妨碍Dontstandinthe(my)way.别挡我的道。inaway 在某种意义上 Inawaysheisfoolish.在某种程度上，她有点傻。(9).第26页/共51页setaboutdoingsth.开始做某事 Shesetaboutwashingherbike.她开始洗自己的自行车。setouttodosth.为了某个目标而努力，朝某个目标进行 Hesetouttomakehisfirstmillioninfiveyears.他决心在五年内挣到第一个一百万。ondoingsth.相当于assoonas 引起时间状语从句。例：Onhearingthenews,sheburstintotears.她一听到这个消息，就放声大哭。Onarrivingatthestation,Itelephonedher.我一到火车站，就给她打电话。(10).(11).第27页/共51页动 词使用动词时应注意的问题动词与介词/副词的常见搭配形容词与介词的常见搭配名词与介词的常见搭配高三英语学生学习课件第28页/共51页（三）动词（三）动词1 1使用动词时应注意的问题（1 1）need,want与require的用法 作“需要”讲时，必须用动名词或不定式的被动式作宾语，这时动名词的主动式表示被动意义。例：Thedoorneedsrepairing.=Thedoorneedstoberepaired.门需要修理。（2 2）能与形容词等到构成系表结构的动词 appear,be,become,come,fall,feel,get,go,grow,keep,lie,look,prove,remain,rise,run,seem,sit,smell,sound,stand,taste,wear等。例：Themomentshewenttobed,shefellasleep.她躺到床上，就睡着了。第29页/共51页（3 3）常用常考的几种句型should(would)liketodosth.（很想做某事）hadbetterdosth.（最好做某事）feellikedoingsth.（想要做某事）wouldratherdosth.（宁愿做某事）havesth.done （让某事被做）havesb.dosth.（让某人做某事）havesb.doing(让某人一直进行某动作或保持某状态)（4 4）避免意义重复要注意有些动词本身的含义，避免加添意义重复的词。例：repeat=doorsayagain (repeat之后不加again)第30页/共51页return=comeorgoback(return之后不加back)enter=comeorgointo（enter之后不加into）hearfrom=getorreceiveonesletter（hearfrom之后不加letter）（5 5）助动词do,does与did的用法 助动词do,does,did可用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定陈述句中，与动词原形连用，表示加强语气.例：Hermotherdoesspeakwell.她母亲的确讲得很好。2 2动词与介词/副词的常见搭配（1 1）v.+about:speak,talk,care,set,hear,think,bring,come,worry 第31页/共51页（2）v.+away:throw,carry away(失控,The music carried her away.,die,wash,put,wear away(变薄，变光滑）send,blow,clear,pass,take,give away（背弃）,break away from(脱离)（3）v.+back:keep,hold,call,look,give,take等（4）v.+for:run,wait,long,care,search,call,seek,ask,stand,hope,wish,look,hunt,come等（5）v.+down:burn,take,cut,pass,settle,tear,break,turn,slow,put,bring,come等（6）v.+at:come,run,tear,stare,glance,knock,smile,aim,wonder,shout,work,look,glare,laugh,point,strike,shoot,call等（7）v.+from:differ,hear,keep,stop,prevent,learn,date,suffer,die,separate等高三英语学生学习课件第32页/共51页（8 8）v.+of:think,talk,dream,speak,die,hear,become 等（9 9）v.+off:start,leave,get,see,put,cut,keep,knock,pay,get,turn,set,show,take,ring,come,fall,go,break,carry,give 等（1010）v.+on:depend,insist,keep,goput,move,feed,have,look,carry,call,live,bring,try,pass,turn等（1111）v.+out:break,pick,burst,carry,hold,point,bring,held,set,wear,make,cross,keep,find,try,put,hand,run,let,turn,come,leave,work,give,look,speak,send,go等（1212）v.+in:give,bring,result,join,get,fill,cut,look,hand,drop,succeed,break,call等第33页/共51页（1313）v.+into:look,burst,run,turn,divide,put,translate等（1414）v.+over:turn,go,get,take,fall,think,look,run,watch,roll等（1515）v.+to:belong,refer,turn,see,reply,get,compare,agree,supply,add,devote,object,point,come,bring,stick,hold,deep等（1616）v.+up:grow,build,put,do,get,pick,bring,turn,stay,give,set,go,take,sit,use,cut,end,speed,burn,hurry,keep,send,open,eat,tear,make,join,come,throw,look,catch,fix,hold,ring等（1717）v.+through:get,look,go,see,pull,put,cut等第34页/共51页（1818）v.+with:deal,meet,agree,end,do,compare,begin,play,provide,supply等3.3.形容词与介词的常见搭配（1 1）adj.+at:afraid,angry,good,bad,clever,terrified,surprised,present,shocked等（2 2）adj.+of:afraid,sure,full,tired,fond,proud,worthy,certain,careful,free,kind,short,shy等（3 3）adj.+with:angry,strict,careful,busy,popular,patient,pleased,crowded,sick,wrong,content等（4 4）adj.+in:weak,strict,rich,interested,dressed,successful,honest,strong,fortunate等（5 5）adj.+to:next,good,polite,kind,cruel,rude,dear,common,equal,know,第35页/共51页married,close,near,similar,due,opposite,second,obvious,strange,thankful,suitable,junior等（6 6）adj.+for:sorry,good,famous,fit,unfit,eager,ready,thankful,anxious,hungry等（7 7）adj.+from:far,different,free,safe,absent,tired,away,separate等（8 8）adj.+about:sorry,worried,anxious,careful,sure,certain,curious,happy,nervous,excited等4.4.名词与介词的常见搭配（1 1）by+n.表示方式：hand,air,bus,bike,plane,train,machine,radio,letter,第36页/共51页telegraph,telegraph,telegram,price,distance,mistake,time,chance,accident等（2 2）at+n.表示状态：breakfast,workdinner,play,sea,war,peace,school,rest 等（3 3）of+n.表示特征：value,importance,use,help,interest等（4 4）under+n.表示被动：discussion,construction,consideration,repair,treatment,flood等（5 5）in+n.表示方式：English,character,shape,size,length,height,width,depth,color,code,cash,surprise,peace,public,shame,fun,joke,silence,comfort等（6 6）with+n.表示方式：pleasure,delight,fear,satisfaction,difficulty,ease,pride等第37页/共51页（7 7）in+n.表示状态：bed,prison,difficulty,debt,business,sight,order,condition,practice,doubt,battle,health,trouble,danger等（8 8）on+n.表示状态：holiday,vacation,fire,guard,business,tour,show,strike,line,sale,duty等（9 9）outof+n.表示状态：sight,mind,danger,trouble,office,business,breath,condition,fashion,order,debt,control等第38页/共51页实战演练 高三英语学生学习课件第39页/共51页实战演练实战一实战二实战三实战四实战五实战六实战七实战八实战九参考答案高三英语学生学习课件第40页/共51页1.Mr Black bought a _ purse for his wife.A.small black leather B.black leather small C.small leather black D.black small leather2.It is believed that _ you work,_ result youll get.A.the harder;the better B.the more hard;the more better C.the harder;a better D.more hard;more better3.Longjing tea,Jasmine tea and Wuyi tea are all famous.But which do you think_?A.tastes best B.smells most C.sounds best D.drinks mostly高三英语学生学习课件第41页/共51页4.The railway was opened _ traffic_ April 4,1985.A.to;on B.to;in C.by;on D.for;on5.He left the meeting early because he had to _ his daughter from school.A.take up B.put up C.pick up D.catch up with6.Its _ lunch time,you must be hungry now,_ you?A.almost;mustnt B.about;dont C.nearly;arent D.already;havent7.We have planted thousands of trees in recent years.This year _ weve planted ten thousand trees.高三英语学生学习课件第42页/共51页 A.even B.just C.alone D.only8.Whats the weather like in winter here?Its _ warmer in winter here than in your hometown.A.very B.fairly C.quite D.rather9.Good ways of doing things mean saving time,and _ it is necessary for us to find them.A.still B.however C.therefore D.otherwise10._ believed the young man.A.Almost no one B.Hardly no one C.Nearly no one D.Little no one11.Lucy.do you have a ruler?Yes,I do.But its.高三英语学生学习课件第43页/共51页 A.very small one B.an only small ruler C.quite small ruler D.only a small one 12.The experiment was _ easier than we had expected.A.more B.much more C.much D.more much13.You should always keep this poison _ childrens reach.Its very dangerous.A.into B.under C.from D.out of 14.Im glad to say that hes already finished _ 50%of the book in these three days.A.no less than B.no more than C.not more than D.much less than高三英语学生学习课件第44页/共51页15.It is a _ difficult question,so its _ impossible for me to answer it.A.too;quite B.so;fairly C.rather;quite D.very;rather16.Ann acts quite unfriendly.I think shes _ than unfriendly.A.shyer B.shy C.rather shy D.more shy17.In our city,we have _ traffic laws.And everyone must obey them.A.serious B.strict C.regular D.general18.Wheres Peter?He has gone away _ the weekend.A.for B.at C.in D.during高三英语学生学习课件第45页/共51页 19.What did you think of her speech?She _ for one hour but didnt _ much.A.spoke;speak B.spoke;say C.said;speak D.said;say20.I can hardly hear the radio.Would you please _?A.turn it in B.turn it down C.turn it up D.turn it off21.What has made you so happy,Mary?Oh,Ive just _ an old friend I havent seen for years.A.come upon B.come in C.come out D.come up高三英语学生学习课件第46页/共51页22.Dont worry,Mary!You will _ this climate before long.A.get used to B.get on with C.be fit for D.used to23.Will someone go and get Dr White?Hes already been _.A.asked for B.sent for C.called for D.looked for24.A new school was _ in the village last years.A.held up B.set up C.sent up D.brought up25.The world is _ seven continents and four oceans.高三英语学生学习课件第47页/共51页 A.made up of B.made out of C.made from D.made in26.When Jack arrived he learned he learned Mary _ for almost an hour.A.had gone B.had set off C.had left D.had been away27._ the fact that I dont like my job,I must work very hard.A.In spite of B.Instead of C.Because of D.In place of28.This article is quite _ me.There are too many new words.高三英语学生学习课件第48页/共51页 A.above B.against C.upon D.beyond29._ he comes,we wont be late to go.A.Without B.Unless C.Except D.Even30.He suddenly returned _ a rainy night.A.on B.at C.in D.during高三英语学生学习课件第49页/共51页答案：15 AAAAC 610 CCDCA 15 AAAAC 610 CCDCA 1115 DCDAC 1620 DCABC 1115 DCDAC 1620 DCABC 2125 AABBA 2630 DADBA 2125 AABBA 2630 DADBA高三英语学生学习课件第50页/共51页谢谢您的观看！第51页/共51页