形容词副词的原级、比较级.ppt

The Comparative Superlative Degrees of Adjectives&AdverbsGrammar 形容词和副词形容词和副词比较级和最高级比较级和最高级形容词是描述，修饰名词或代词，作定语或表语，形容词是描述，修饰名词或代词，作定语或表语，说明事物或人的性质或特征的词。说明事物或人的性质或特征的词。eg.He is a good boy.That sounds good.副词在句子中修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个副词在句子中修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子，作状语，用来表示时间、场所、状态及程度。句子，作状语，用来表示时间、场所、状态及程度。eg.The book is very good.He studies hard .大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：1、原级，即原形。、原级，即原形。2、比较级，表示、比较级，表示“较较”或或“更更一些一些”。两者比较时用比较级两者比较时用比较级 3、最高级，表示、最高级，表示“最最”的意思。的意思。三者或三者以上的比较用最高级三者或三者以上的比较用最高级He is tall.他高。他高。He is taller than I.他比我高。他比我高。He is the tallest in my class.他是我们班最高的。他是我们班最高的。情况情况构成方法构成方法原级原级 比较级比较级 最高级最高级1一般情况一般情况加加-er,-esttall talltall tallerer tall tallest est great greatgreat greaterer great greatestest2 以不发音以不发音e结尾的单音结尾的单音节词节词加加-r，-stlarge larglarge larger er larg largest est nice nicnice nicerer nic nicestest3 在重读闭音节中，在重读闭音节中，（即：辅音元音辅（即：辅音元音辅音）音）先双写末尾先双写末尾的辅音字母的辅音字母 再再加加-er,-estbig bigbig biggerger big biggest gest hot hothot hotterter hot hottesttest4 以以“辅音字母辅音字母y”结结尾的双音节词，尾的双音节词，把把y改为改为i再加再加-er,-esteaeasy sy eas easi ier easer easi iest est heaheavy vy heavheavi ier heaver heavi iest est 5 其他双音节词（其他双音节词（ly结结尾的副词）和多音节词，尾的副词）和多音节词，比较级在前比较级在前面加面加more，最高级在前最高级在前面加面加mostbeautiful beautiful moremore beautiful beautiful most most beautifulbeautifuldifficult difficult moremore difficult difficult most most difficult difficult easily easily moremore easily easily mostmost easily easily规则变化：规则变化：一、形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成一、形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成原级原级比较级比较级 最高级最高级good,wellgood,wellbetterbetterbestbestbad,ill,badlybad,ill,badlyworseworseworstworstmany,muchmany,muchmoremoremostmostlittlelittlelesslessleastleastfarfarfartherfarther距离距离,further,further程度程度farthest,furthestfarthest,furthestoldoldolderolder年龄年龄,elder,elder 辈分辈分oldest,eldestoldest,eldest不规则变化：不规则变化：小贴士小贴士1.elder和和eldest可用来表示兄弟和子女的长幼顺序：可用来表示兄弟和子女的长幼顺序：my elder sister 我的姐姐我的姐姐 my eldest brother 我的大哥我的大哥 their eldest son他们的长子他们的长子2.further表示表示“进一步的进一步的”；而；而farther表示距离表示距离：My home is farther than yours.我家比你家远。我家比你家远。Do you need any further help?你还需要更进一步的帮助吗？你还需要更进一步的帮助吗？thin calm short heavy funny outgoing hot serious athletic smart quiet important popular nice easy exciting late fat happy wet young tall long relaxingPut the following words in the five groups.smallerlargerbiggerbusiermore interestingthinnercalmershorterheavierfunniermore outgoninghottermore seriousmore athleticsmarterquietermore importantmore popularnicereasiermore excitinglaterfatterhappierwetteryongertallerlongermore relaxing 写出下列单词的比较级和最高级写出下列单词的比较级和最高级cleversafeheavydifficultearlynewthin cleverercleverestsafersafestheavierheaviestmore difficultmost difficultearlierearliestnewernewestthinner thinnest变比较级和最高级smallnicebigearlyheavywetlatecoldfineredhappyearlysmallerthe smallestnicerthe nicestbiggerthe biggestearlierthe earliestheavierthe heaviestwetterthe wettestlaterthe latestcolderthe coldestfinerthe finestredderthe reddesthappierthe happiestearlierthe earliest变比较级和最高级happily-easily-friendly-quickly-carefully-heavily-luckily-特殊:early-interesting-important-popular-beautiful-delicious-more happily-the most happilymore easily-the most easilymore friendly-the most friendlymore quickly-the most quicklymore carefully-the most carefullymore heavily-the most heavilymore luckily-the most luckilyearlier-the earliestmore interesting-the most interestingmore important-the most importantmore popular-the most popularmore beautiful-the most beautifulmore delicious-the most delicious特殊的比较级和最高级特殊的比较级和最高级1,good/well -2,bad/badly/ill-3,many/much-4,little -5,far路程远路程远-意义深远或进一步意义深远或进一步-6,old年龄大小年龄大小-家庭成员长幼家庭成员长幼-better-the bestworse-the worstmore-the mostless-the leastfarther-the farthestfurther-the furthestolder-the oldestelder-the eldest二、用法二、用法 意思意思 结结 构构表示表示A和和B一样一样Aas+原级原级+as B表示表示A不如不如BA not as/so+原级原级+as B表示表示A是是B的几的几倍倍A half,twice,three times+as+原级原级+as B1、原级、原级1、A与与B在某一方面程度相同在某一方面程度相同:as+原级原级+as eg.1)My friend Kay is as tall as I/me.我朋友我朋友Kay与我一样高。与我一样高。2)My friend Kay runs as quickly as I/me.Kay与我跑得一样快。与我跑得一样快。我和她一样外向。我和她一样外向。我学习和他一样认真。我学习和他一样认真。2、A在某一方面不及在某一方面不及B:Anot as/so+原级原级+as B.eg.1)My friend Kay isnt as/so tall as I/me.2)My friend Kay doesnt run as/so fast as I/me.3)Im not _ she/her.A.as hard as B.as harder as C.as hard so 4)I dont study _ he/him.A.so careful as B.so carefully as C.more carefully as I am as outgoing as her.I study as carefully as him.A BExercisesJoan与与Kate一样漂亮。一样漂亮。Joan is _ Kate.as beautiful as 2、我与你学习一样努力。、我与你学习一样努力。I study _ you.ashardas 3、那条绿色的裙子不如那条红色的漂亮。、那条绿色的裙子不如那条红色的漂亮。The green skirt _ the red one.is not so/as niceas 4.那些学生跳高不如我。那些学生跳高不如我。The students didnt jump _ I.as(so)highas 5.他没吉姆那么早来到学校。他没吉姆那么早来到学校。He _ come to school _ Jim.doesntas/so earlyas 6、汤姆与她一样认真听老师讲课。、汤姆与她一样认真听老师讲课。Tom listens to the teacher _ she.ascarefullyas1）比）比较级较级通常由通常由“形容形容词词（副（副词词）比）比较级较级+than”构成，表示构成，表示在两者中在两者中间间一方比另一方一方比另一方“更加更加”。连词连词than后可接句子，后可接句子，也可接名也可接名词词、代、代词词、名、名词词短短语语、介、介词词短短语语、动词动词、动词动词不定式、不定式、-ing结结构和构和-ed结结构，有构，有时时也可省去也可省去than。如：。如：Mary is happier than Jane.玛丽玛丽比珍妮幸福。比珍妮幸福。（系（系动词动词be后加形容词后加形容词happy）He lives more happily than I/me.他他过过得比我幸福。得比我幸福。（副（副词词happily修修饰实义动词饰实义动词live）2）注意）注意than前后两前后两项项相比相比较较的人或事物要一致。如：的人或事物要一致。如：Her ruler is newer than mine.她的尺子比我的新。她的尺子比我的新。（主（主语语是是her ruler，后面比较对象是，后面比较对象是my ruler，避免重复，使用名，避免重复，使用名词性物主代词词性物主代词mine）She has a newer ruler than I/me.她比我有更新的尺子。她比我有更新的尺子。（主（主语语是是She，比较对象是，比较对象是I）2、比较级、比较级3)比比较级较级前可用前可用much,even,far,still,a little等等词语词语来修来修饰饰，表示表示“得多得多”，“甚至甚至”，“更更”，“一些一些”等意思。如：等意思。如：Japan is a little larger than Germany.日本比德国大点儿。日本比德国大点儿。用用“.times+形容形容词词的比的比较级较级+than.”句式表示倍数。句式表示倍数。如：如：Our room is twice larger than theirs.我我们们的房的房间间比他比他们们的大两倍。的大两倍。4)隐隐含比含比较级较级 有有时时比比较级较级并不一定出并不一定出现现than，这时这时通通过过上下文可暗示出。上下文可暗示出。如：如：Are you feeling better now?你你现现在感在感觉觉好些了好些了吗吗？Please be earlier next time.下次早点。下次早点。5)“比比较级较级+and+比比较级较级”表示表示“越来越越来越”,多音节比较级用多音节比较级用“more and more形容词原级形容词原级”形式形式6)“the+比比较级较级,the+比比较级较级”表示表示“越越,越越”7)表示不及另一方表示不及另一方时时，用，用“less+原原级级+than”(双音双音节节和多音和多音节词节词)He becomes healthier and healthier.The more you exercise,the healthier you will be.Jim is less healthy than Tom.Tom is healthier than Jim.Shanghai is becoming more and more beautiful.你吃的越多就越胖。你吃的越多就越胖。_ _ you eat,_ _you will be.Themorethe heavier越干净越好。越干净越好。_ _,_ _.The cleanerthebetter3、书读的越多，懂的就越多。、书读的越多，懂的就越多。_ _ you read,_ _ you know.Themorethemore Which one is _ _ among students,going to concerts _ going to movies?4.去音乐会和看电影之间，哪一样在学去音乐会和看电影之间，哪一样在学生中更受欢迎？生中更受欢迎？more popularor5.李明和汤姆谁更聪明？李明和汤姆谁更聪明？Who is _,Li Ming _ Tom?clevereror 4.足球越来越受欢迎了足球越来越受欢迎了.Football is_ _ _ _.2.这个房间不如那个房间漂亮。这个房间不如那个房间漂亮。This room is_ _ than that one.less beautiful3.你的房间比我的大三倍你的房间比我的大三倍.Your room is _ _ _ than mine.more and more popularLets try.1.你工作越努力，你的成绩就会越好你工作越努力，你的成绩就会越好._ _ you work,_ _ result youll get.The harder the betterthree times bigger3._you are,_mistakes you will make.(你越仔细，做错的题目就越少）4._you eat,_youll be.(你吃得越多,就越胖)5.Alice writes well.Mary writes _ than she.(甚至更好）The more carefulthe fewerThe morethe fatter1.The girl becomes _.(越来越漂亮）more and more beautiful2.The weather is getting _.(越来越槽糕）worse and worseeven/still better Exercises 0ne 1.他今天好多了。他今天好多了。better这个故事比那个故事还更有趣。这个故事比那个故事还更有趣。This story is _ _ _ than that one.even moreinteresting 3.今天天气热了一些。今天天气热了一些。alittleHe is _ _ today.muchIts _ _ hotter today.4.他跑得越来越快。他跑得越来越快。He ran _ _ _.faster andfaster 5我们的生活变得越来越好。我们的生活变得越来越好。Our life is getting _ _ _.better andbetter6那个公园变得越来越美丽。那个公园变得越来越美丽。The park is getting _ _ _ _.more andmore beautiful 7她越来越聪明了。她越来越聪明了。She becomes_ _ _.cleverer andcleverer8.雨正越下越大。雨正越下越大。Its raining _ _ _ _.moreandmoreheavily 他比约翰矮。他比约翰矮。He is _ _ _.shorter thanJohn3.你舞跳得比她好。你舞跳得比她好。Exercises Two汉堡包比薯条更好吃。汉堡包比薯条更好吃。Hamburgers are _ _ _ French fries.moredeliciousthanYou dance _ _ she/her.betterthan 4他开车比我小心他开车比我小心He drives _ _ _ I/me.morecarefullythan1.I am _ than him (tall).2.It is much _(cold)today.3.The coat is even _ _(beautiful)than that one.1.He writes a little _(slowly)than you.2.Our classroom is _(bright)than yours.3.He is even _(ill)today.4.I can walk _ than he.(far)5.English is much _(important)6.The meat smells still_(delicious)than that one.7.The rain is as _ as it was yesterday.(hard)8.We cant read so _ as they.(loud)taller colder more beautiful more slowly brighter worse farther more important more delicious hard loudly 1.这本书比那本书难这本书比那本书难 The book _ that one1.这个故事和那个一样有趣这个故事和那个一样有趣 The story is _ that one1.李雷跑得比你快多了李雷跑得比你快多了Lilei runs _ 2.这个盒子比那个重一点这个盒子比那个重一点 The box is _that one 1.我们国家越来越强大我们国家越来越强大 Our country is getting _.1.中山越来越漂亮中山越来越漂亮 Zhongshan is _.2.我们英语比他们好多了我们英语比他们好多了 Our English _ 1.他不如我外向他不如我外向 He is _ me.我跳得不如他远我跳得不如他远 I dont jump _ him 他英语说得不如我好他英语说得不如我好 He doesnt speak English _meis more difficult than as interesting as much more quickly than you a little heavier than stronger and stronger more and more beautiful is much better than theirs not so/as outgoing as as far as so/as well as