定语从句1(灏).ppt

Relative clauseRelative clause定语从句定语从句 Relative Clause:定语从句指在从句中起定语作用，定语从句指在从句中起定语作用，并修饰主句中的某一名词或代词的句子。并修饰主句中的某一名词或代词的句子。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰名词后面，定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰名词后面，所以如果在名词或代词后面出现一个从句，所以如果在名词或代词后面出现一个从句，根据它与前面名词或代词的逻辑关系来判断根据它与前面名词或代词的逻辑关系来判断是否是定语从句。是否是定语从句。The boy is handsome.The boy is Tom.The boy who is handsome is Tom.Attributive clause定语从句定语从句先行词先行词handsometallstrong clevernaughtyThe boy isThe boy is Tom.The boy who is handsome is Tom.The boy who is tall is Tom.The boy who is strong is TomThe boy who is clever is TomThe boy who is naughty is Tom.The boy is Tom.The boy is smiling.The boy is Tom.The boy has a round face.The boy who is smiling is Tom.(主语主语)The boy who has a round face is Tom.The boy is Tom.He sits in front of me.The man who sits in front of me is Tom.The woman got the job.The woman can speak Russian.The woman who can speak Russian got the job.The teacher will give us a talk.The teacher is famous.The teacher who is famous will give us a talk.The man is kind.Everyone likes him.The man(whom)everyone likes is kind.(宾语宾语)The woman got the job.We saw her on the street.The woman(whom)we saw on the street got the job.The teacher will give us a talk.We met the teacher yesterday.The teacher(whom)we met yesterday will give us a talk.The boy is in the lab.You want to talk to him.The boy(whom)you want to talk to is in the lab.The boy to whom you want to talk is in the lab.This is the boy.I sit behind him.This is the boy(whom)I sit behind.This is the boy behind whom I sit.He is the teacher.The teacher can speak French.He is the teacher who can speak French.Do you know the man?He came to visit you today.Do you know the man who came to visit you today?The lady stepped on his foot.He was dancing with the lady.The lady(whom)he was dancing with stepped on his foot.Do you know the man?You will visit him today.Do you know the man whom you will visit today?关系代词关系代词:1.who指人指人,作主语或宾语作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略）The man who I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.2.whom指人指人,作宾语作宾语 (作宾语可省略作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省如介词提前则不能省)The man(whom)I nodded to is Mr.Li.The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.3.which 指物，指物，作主语或宾语作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省如介词提前则不能省)These are the trees which were planted last year.This recorder（which）he is using ismade in Japan.Is this the library(which)you borrow books from?Is this the library from which you borrowbooks?Mrs.Clark is angry with the goat.The goat is eating her flowers.Mrs.Clark is angry with the goat which is eating her flowers.Can you lend me the book?You talked about it last night.Can you lend me the book(which)you talked about last night.Can you lend me the book about which you talked last night?Do you find the pen?I wrote with it just now.Do you find the pen with which I wrote just now?Do you find the pen(which)I wrote with just now?that 指人指人/物，作主语或宾语物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略）A plane is a machine.It can fly.A plane is a machine that can fly.He is the man.I told you about him.He is the man(that)I told you about.注意：介词提前时只能用注意：介词提前时只能用which 而不能用而不能用that。Is this the library from which you borrow books?from thatIs this the library?You borrow books from the library.Is this the library from which you borrow books?Is this the library(which)you borrow books from?Is this the library(that)you borrow books from?that和和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下但在下列情况下,一般用一般用that而不用而不用which。I am sure she has something(that)you can borrow.Ive read all the books that are not mine.This is the first book(that)he has read.(1)先行词为先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much 等不定代词时。等不定代词时。(2)先行词被先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等等 修饰时。修饰时。(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被先行词被the only,the very,the last修饰时。修饰时。This is the very book that belongs to him.(5)先行词既有人又有物时。先行词既有人又有物时。They talked of things and persons that they remembered.that可指人可指人,但是当句中已有但是当句中已有who时，用时，用that而而不用不用who。Who is the man that is talking to John?(1)The scientist is very famous in the world.We met her yesterday.(2)The dress is new.She is wearing it.(3)He is the kind person.I have ever worked with him.(4)This is the best film.I have ever seen this film.(1)The scientist is very famous in the world.We met her yesterday.The scientist we met yesterday is very famous who in the world.whom that(2)The dress is new.She is wearing it.The dress that she is wearing is new.which (3)He is the kind person.I have ever worked with him.(4)This is the best film.I have ever seen this film.He is the kind person that I have ever worked with.who whom This is the best film that I have ever seen.