元音的发音规则.ppt

VowelsSecond Lesson前元音/i:/vs/i/前元音/i:/舌尖抵下齿，舌前部上抬靠近硬腭，舌两侧贴住上齿的两侧。口型扁平，上下齿间稍稍分开和汉语“一”的区别只在于舌面和硬腭之间要注意避免摩擦。容易出现的错误舌面发生摩擦，读成汉语的“一”：美语的/i:/和汉语拼音的“i”相似，但汉语拼音的“i”舌前部要抬到贴近硬腭的地方，发音时有轻微的摩擦，而美语中的/i:/则不可有任何摩擦（请注意舌面）。美语的“me”和汉语的“蜜”虽听起来相近，但在读“me”时一定注意不要让舌前部发生摩擦。张口过大，舌前部未上抬，读成接近/i/甚至/e/的单元音前元音/i/是/i:/的对应短音，但舌位比/i/稍低，且稍稍靠后。口型扁平，上下齿间的距离略大于/i:/，可容下一个小拇指指尖。这个音的关键是短暂、高亢、清脆和有力。容易出现的错误许多人读这个音时口张得过大，于是分不清他们在说“give”还是“gave”。也有人读的过长，近似长音。模仿录音单词训练 /i:/i/eat it feel fill heat hit leap lip meal mill peak pig read rid seen sin wheel will自己练 /i:/i/bee bill deep dig jeep Jim keep kick neat Nick queen quick tea tip zeal zip 词组、短语和句子训练请注意：/i:/和/i/都是单元音，发音过程中口型要保持不变，切不可随便读成双元音模仿录音A little bitIn the eastIn three weeksA big dealAs busy as a beeA three-room suite(/swit/)自己练Real estateBody buildingSweet dreamsLatchkey kidsA Los Angeles freeway长音要读得够长，短音要够短模仿录音Freeze!Its freezing!Its easy!Its in the fridge.Are you kidding?Seeing is believing.Lily lives in a big city.Its a silly mistake.Its time to switch to a different topic.Give me a beefsteak,shrimps,peas,and a beer,please.自己练Believe me.Its a deal.I mean it.Zip your lips!Its Greek to me.Business in business.A friend in need is a friend indeed.He is extremely happy.Anything to drink?What do you feel like eating?Seems like all you do is eat and sleep.I beat him down to fifteen.English Song Que Sera,Sera When I was just a little girl,I asked my mother,“what will I be?Will I be pretty?Will I be rich?”Heres what she said to me:“Que sera,sera,Whatever will be,will be The futures not ours to see,Que sera,sera,What will be,will be.”When I grew up and fell in love,I asked my sweetheart what lies ahead:“will we have rainbows day after day?”Heres what my sweetheart said:(Repeat)Now I have children of my own,They asked their mother,“what will I be?Will I be handsome?Will I be rich?”I tell them tenderly:(Repeat)前元音/e/vs/前元音/e/舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍稍抬起，但舌位低于/i/口型扁平，上下齿间可容下自己的食指尖短音容易出现的错误许多人把单词中的“en”错读成/n/,如“men”读成/mn/,像汉语中的“门”一样，“pen”读成/pn/,像汉语中的“盆”一样。记住：只有在弱化时，其中的/e/才可以变成/前元音/舌尖轻触下齿，舌前部微微抬起，舌位比/e/还要低。双唇向两边平伸，张开口，上下齿间可容下自己的食指加中指尖短音容易出现的错误许多人把/读作双元音/ai/,或如汉语中的“埃”。请特别注意：这是单元音，发音过程中不可有口型的变化。汉语中没有这两个音。单词训练模仿录音 /e/bed bad get gap head hat lend land met map pet pack smell smash test task wet wax自己练 /e/dead dad hen hand jet Jack net nag quest quack rest ram vest vast yes Yank词组、短语和句子训练模仿录音Cash deskHalf the battleA letter to a friendGet the sackThe weatherman saidHalf as many againGo cap in handCatch him red-handedAs well be hanged for a sheep as for a lamb自己练A dead manA map of JapanA red centA happy familyHand in handHalf past tenA Cheshire catEmpty the bagHang by a thread模仿录音Send him back.That settles it.Ill check you later.Lets check in at a hotel.He let the cat out of the bag.Its not the end of the world if you fail that test.Only graduate students have access to the library shelves.One mans trash is another mans treasure.自己练Thanks.It depends.Forget it.Theres a catch in it.I get your message.He laughs best who laughs last.后元音/vs/:后元音/张开口，舌身平放，后缩，舌面微微下凹，舌尖离开下齿。短音。容易出现的错误有人分不清/和/，要注意前者是后元音，后者是中元音。后元音/:张开口，但张口程度比/要小，舌身低平后缩。双唇稍稍收圆，并向前突出。长音容易出现的错误有人把/:读成了双元音/au/有人在/:和它前部的辅音之间合拢双唇，实际上等于加进一个/u/或接近半元音/w/的音。如把“call”读作/kwl/单词训练模仿录音 /:/calm palm odd all boss ball lock lawn not naught pot pause top talk 自己练 /:/cop cause fox fall hot hall socks saw watch walk词组、短语和句子训练模仿录音Top talksCoffee shopHot waterCalm authoritySports carDrawing boardWarm applauseLaw and orderThe calm before the storm自己练Draw lotsCotton socksFather-in-lawThe father of watersWhats moreDraw to a haltWater in the potAs far as possible模仿录音Come on!Guess what!Dont walk on the lawn.To top it all I lost my job.Dont bother your father.Could you drop me off at the department store?Farmers harvest their crops in fall.She poured out her heart.She dropped a bombshell and told him she wanted a divorce.You cant palm off that story on your father.More often than not people dont realize what their rights are.The out-of-pocket costs caused by the tornado are no less than four million dollars.I picked him for a swindler the first time I saw him and I wasnt far wrong.自己练Tell you what!its a promise.Hard to tell.Lets call it a day.Hold your jaw.How far have you got?The office is on the fourth floor.There are more and more social problems.The pot calls the kettle black.The wish is father to the thought.The army was called in to restore order.连读如果前一个词的结尾是辅音，后一个词的开头是元音，在实际朗读和说话中会把它们连起来读，这种现象就叫连读如 it is，在实际语言中决不会听起来像是两个单词，它们被连起来读，听起来像是一个词。这种现象在汉语中是没有的，如“西安”模仿录音I love it.Good idea!Hows everything!Take it easy.We help each other.He is in our classroom.My telephone is out of order.He came over to see me once in a while.当后一个词的第一个音是/h/，而该词或该音节又不重读的时候，这个/h/往往会弱化掉。如“I told him”中的“him/him/”会变成/im/,这样“told”和“him”便会发生连读，读作/toldim/当前一个词的结尾有字母“r”时（不一定是最后一个字母），尽管该音节是元音结尾，这时“r”也会发音，和后一个元音连读。如“for a while”.模仿录音Come back here!Lets have a talk.I beat him in the game.He asked himself,“why should I give up!”He doesnt live too far away.She has to take care of her children.My brother and I are all teachers.For all I know,he might have gone abroad.As far as I know there is no such book in our library.后元音/u:/vs/u/这一对元音的关键是要把嘴唇拢小收圆，同时在发音的时候要防止双唇阻碍气流泄出，也就是要防止加进一个辅音/w/.还需要注意的是/u:/和/u/不仅仅存在长短的差别，更重要的还有音调高低的差别，/u:/音调高，音程长；/u/音调高，音程短。后元音/u:/舌身后缩，舌后部尽量向软腭抬起，舌尖离开下齿双唇收圆并用力向前突出长音容易出现的错误在双唇间发生摩擦，读作/wu:/，或如汉语的“乌”一样。后元音/u/舌身后缩，舌后部向软腭抬起，但舌位比/u:/稍低。双唇收圆并稍稍向前突出，开口程度比/u:/略大。短音容易出现的错误有人图省事，把/u/读作如汉语的“乌”一样。有人在单词中把/u/读得就像汉语“哥”一样，如“good”读作“哥的”。他没有注意到：这个音是圆唇音模仿录音 /u:/u/cool cook goose good loose look noon nook root rook soup soot woo wood自己练 /u:/u/boot book food foot whose hook pool put tool took词组、短语和句子训练模仿录音Fool-proofA cook-bookA good studentBook a roomRefuse woodRecruit new membersThe lunar new yearGross industrial output valueLook somebody through and through自己练A new bookNew moonPut to usePull throughA good loserA woman of virtueRefute an argumentRemove the troopsA review copy of a book模仿录音You should choose between the two.A fools bolt is soon shot.The news is too good to be true.You should make good use of that rare opportunity.He polished his car till it looked like new.I know you could but you wouldnt do it.You should ask him when he is in a good mood.I looked through the newspaper but I could not find any report on the accident.I would take a pretty clever person to pull the wool over his eyesThe cook took a spoon of sugar and put it in the food.自己练Youre pulling my leg.The phone booth is in use.The plane took off very smoothly.I dont dare even to put a foot wrong.He makes friends with a view to using them.No news is good news.What shoes would you like to choose?He knew he was wrong,but he would not admit it,for fear of losing face.There used to be a bookshelf in this room.Take care not to lose yourself in the woods.I took my umbrella because it looked like rain.Could you put up with that woman?Sing the songOh,CarolOh,Carol,Im but a fool.Darling,I love you,Though you treat me cruel.You hurt me,and you make me cry.But if you leave me,I will surely die.Darling,there will never be another.Cause I love you so.Dont ever leave me.Say youll never go.I will always want you for my sweetheart,No matter what you do.Oh,Carol,Im so in love with you.中元音/:/vs/中元音/:/（美音中稍卷舌）舌身平放，舌中部稍稍抬起双唇向两边拉，开口程度和前元音/e/相似长音中元音/（不卷舌）舌身平放，舌中部略抬起，比发中元音/:/时略低，双唇扁平 单词训练模仿录音 /:/America soccer Australia familiar camera sufferer campus campers famous containers movement stubborn自己练 /:/August cupboard away pervade banana semester Canada calendar today survey词组、短语和句子训练模仿录音The three of us a sheet of paper at the counterLearn the lines of a playHamper oneself with perhapsesHammer away at the same pointThe butcher,the baker,the candlestick maker模仿录音 /:/certain certificate perfume perhaps service surprise virtual Virginia自己练 /:/Burma burlesque firm forget learn learner work worker自己练The bookA friend of mineAll of a suddenOf courseThe birdThe customersA number of The third worldThe advanced learners dictionaryA problem deserving of public attention模仿录音I have an idea.That is a famous native product of China.She is a nervous,sensitive girl.Butter to butter is no relishThe patient was burning with fever.The orphan has nobody to turn to.The early bird catches the worm.The newspaper gave a matter-of-fact account of the murder trial.She goes to the cinema or the theater at the weekend.John was eager for an opportunity to advance in his company.The picture is unclear because the camera was out of focus.自己练Its very kind of you to help us.Tomorrow never comes.She is a clever girl.That skirt over there is hers.Her father is a teacher and her mother is a nurse.Better late than never.His words burnt into my mind.First come,first served.Whether or not is was written by him is a matter of opinion.Furniture stores welcome young couples who want to feather their nest.He turned over most of the money he had earned to his mother.Mother has set some money aside for her trip to India.中元音/舌尖轻触下齿，舌中部稍稍抬起。开口程度略大于/而已有些美音中甚至用/代替/，可见两音之相近这个音注意不要张口太大就行，感觉介于/和/之间，比较接近后者。单词训练模仿录音 /bus boss dull doll gun gone hut hot luck lock stuck stock wonder wander自己练 /club clock dug dog gulf golf nut not sung song词组、短语和句子训练模仿录音Come by busUnder the sunA tough nutUgly ducklingSummon up ones courageAn upright young judge自己练Such and suchNothing muchBlood brotherThe upper crustJust for funGulp down a cup of tea模仿录音They love each other.Will Tom come next month?The cut gushed out with blood.The flap of the envelope has come unstuck.There is nothing for it but to rush him to hospital.Well begun is half done.The tongue is not steel,yet it cuts.The deer stood there without moving a muscle until the hunter was gone.The runners were called back because one fo them jumped the gun.自己练Shut up!You must overcome all the difficulties.It was none other than his mother.Nothing ventured,nothing gained.Troubles never come by one.But me no buts.The rabbit was running in front of the dog.I was lucky enough to catch the last bus.双元音双元音和单元音最根本的区别是：双元音在发音过程中有一个从前一个音向后一个音的滑动过程，前长后短，前重后轻，口型和舌位要随之变化。双元音/ei/这个音含有/e/和/i/两个成分，但前一个音的开口程度比/e/单独出现时要略小一些注意从前一个音向后一个音的滑动，请记住前长后短，前重后轻。单词训练模仿录音 /ei/e/age edge late let pain pen sail sell自己练 fail fell hail hell jail jell wane when模仿录音 /ei/i/fail fill hail hill lame limb pain pin自己练 bait bit Dane din wane win词组、短语和句子训练模仿录音Same agePave the wayPlay a good game at chessTurn the scale in favor ofFace the world and brave the storm自己练May DayRain capeDay by dayMake a faceSave ones face模仿录音His name is David.No pains,no gains.Success came after many failures.It takes hard work to make the grade in school.Great changes have taken place in only a few days.He made haste to say that he had made a mistake.自己练Its pay day today.Call a spade a spade.The plane will take off at eight.He is having a conversation with a stranger.双元音/u/这个音可比照汉语拼音的“ou”，但注意这个音两个音素中的尾音不可太重。这个音含有/和/u/两个成分，要注意音的滑动。这个音和汉语中“欧”字的读音相似，但美音/u/中的第二个音/u/要弱一点。单词训练模仿录音 /u/:coal call loan lawn pose pause toll tall自己练 bowl ball hold halt note naught 词组、短语和句子训练模仿录音Go it aloneHold ones ownA game show hostVote by a show of handsHoe ones own rowPose for a group photo with his old fellows自己练Go homeA cloak of snowBlow ones nosePropose a motionBe old enough to know better模仿录音I hope so.I know you wont go.Dont go home alone.He wrote prose poems.The hotel is located close to the post office.The countrys growth rate was close to zero.Its an old story told by an old man.A rolling stone gathers no moss.自己练No smoking.Most people think so.So far,so good.He lost control over himself.Close the window,please.Its so cold!Will you please show me the coat over there?There is no smoke without fire.双元音/ai/这个音含有/a/和/i/两个成分，要注意音的滑动。美音中/a/不单独出现，它在双元音中的读音和/相似。这个音和汉语中的“爱”字读音相似，注意前一个音素/a/发到位，够长够重，而尾音/i/相比之下则要弱而短。所以说“I”不等同于“爱”，“try”也不是用脚“踹”。模仿录音 /ai/bike back height hat mine man pile pal sight sat自己练 dime dam kite cat lime lamb rhyme ram词组、短语和句子训练模仿录音Fly a kiteDry wineTurn a blind eyeNinety-nine times out of a hundredDo the right thing at the right time自己练A nice guyHigh in the skyKeep prices in lineFight side by sideReappear in my minds eye模仿录音The news spread like wildfire.Great minds think alike.Strike while the iron is hot.“Might is right”is the logic of pirates.Did you buy your hi-fi nineteen ninety-five?On hearing that her dad died,she cried her eyes out.The doctor advised my wife to have a light diet.自己练He sat by my right side.I can safely advise you to buy it.I went to the riverside by bike.Time is on my side.He was frightened out of his life and turned as white as a sheet.诗歌朗诵Fire and Ice by Robert FrostSome say the world will end in fire,Some say in ice,From what Ive tasted of desireI hold with those who favor fire.But if it had to perish twice,I think I know enough of hateTo say that for destruction iceIs also greatAnd would suffice.You are my sunshineThe other night,dear,as I lay sleeping,I dreamed I held you in my arms.When I awoke,dear,I was mistaken.And I hung my head and cried.You are my sunshine,my only sunshine.You make me happy when skies are gray.Youll never know,dear,how much I love you.Please dont take my sunshine away.You told me once dearThat you really loved meAnd no one else could come between.But now you have left meAnd you love another.You have shattered all my dreams.双元音/au/这个音含有/a/和/u/两个成分，要注意音的滑动这个音和汉语中“奥”字读音相似，但美音中/au/中的两个音前长后短，前重后轻单词训练模仿录音 /au/:/doubt dot foul fall found fond gown gone howl haul noun non owl all pound pond词组、短语和句子训练模仿录音Without doubtsA rounded vowelTurn round and roundThousands upon thousandsOutside working hoursAn out-and-out scoundrel自己练About an hourIn a roundabout awayDown southOut of townCount me out模仿录音There is no doubt about it.Read it out loud.The house looked fairly rundown.The crowd shouted down his suggestion.“You are a coward,”Mr.Brown cried out.Sound it body,sound in mind.This is out-and-out power politics.Open your mouth and pronounce the sound loudly.He looked around and found a tall tower in the south.自己练I doubt it.How about a brown one?Put it down to my account.He has a white towel around his neck.They crowded around the flower girl.Out of a clear sky there were enemies all around the.He finally found out how much the house would cost.双元音/i/这个音含有/和/i/两个成分，要注意音的滑动，第二个音素/i/不要读的过重，要弱。这是个汉语中没有的音，注意它所含的两个音素也是要前长后短，前重后轻。前一个音素发音时张口不可太大。单词训练 /i/ai/boy buy coin kind noise nice oil aisle toil tile voice vice词组、短语和句子训练模仿录音Boiling pointToil and moilEnjoy your voyageExploit an oil fieldI see your point.He couldnt avoid facing a difficult choice.She lowered her voice and her eyes were moist with tears.They tried their best to avoid destroying the historical relics.The manager was annoyed by the noises of his employees.The boy gave voice to his joy over the new toy.自己练The boys voiceVoice of joyToil on the soilExploit the virgin soilJoin us,boy!He is a spoiled boy.Thats the point.He had no choice but to resign his appointment.He was foiled in his attempt of poisoning the friendship between us.Though she was annoyed by the boy for a while she really enjoyed the party.