高考英语语法主谓一致课件.ppt

高考英语语法专题高考英语语法专题主谓一致主谓一致 主谓一致提示：1.what和whatever引导主语从句时谓语动词的单复数根据从句所表达的意义上的数确定。What he says and does do not agree.他言行不一致。What he says and does does not concern me.他的言行与我无关。2在定语从句中，关系代词作主语，其谓语动词的数和先行词保持一致，但“one of复数名词”后面的定语从句的谓语动词用复数，而在“the(only/very)one of复数名词”后面所接的定语从句中，谓语动词却用单数。He is one of the students who have taken part in the activity.他是参加过这个活动的学生之一。He is the only one of the students who has taken part in the activity.他是惟一参加过这个活动的学生。3当主语后有介词with，together/along with，including，like，but，except，other than，rather than和as well as等时，谓语动词应和前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。The teacher as well as the students was excited at the news.听到这个消息，老师和学生们都很激动。Nobody except my parents knows anything about it.除了我父母之外，没有人知道这事。1三年高考有关主谓一致考题分布表2.对主谓一致的考查重点是：(1)主语as well as/together with名词/代词；(2)not only.but(also).，neither.nor.，either.or.连接两个主语；(3)means，works等词汇作主语。3在重视对语言的意义和功能考查的同时，高考并未完全放弃对语言形式的考查。在以后的高考中，将会继续保留这类题目，但是其综合性和情景性将会变得越来越强。1(2010四川)Such poets as Shakespeare _ widely read，of whose works，however，some _ difficult to understand.Aare；areBis；isCare；is Dis；are答案：A解析：句意：“像莎士比亚这样的诗人们的作品被人们广泛阅读，虽然他们的作品中有些很难读懂。”本题考查主谓一致。such poets as Shakespeare中poets是中心词，所以动词用are；第二空动词的主语是some(of their works)，是可数名词的复数形式，也用are。2(2010湖南)Listening to loud music at rock concerts _ caused hearing loss in some teenagers.Ais BareChas Chave答案：C解析：句意：“在摇滚音乐会中听震耳欲聋的音乐已经导致某些青少年丧失了听力。”本题考查主谓一致。动名词短语在句中作主语时谓语动词须采用单数形式，故排除B、D项，根据句意可知此处为主动语态，时态为现在完成时，故答案为C项。3(2009山东)The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _ rising steadily since 1997.Ais BareChas been Dhave been答案：C解析：考查主谓一致和时态。分析句子结构和句意可知，the number为主语，谓语应用单数形式；再由since可知应选择现在完成时，故答案为C项。4(2009陕西)Dr.Smith，together with his wife and daughters,_visit Beijing this summer.A is going to B are going toCwas going to Dwere going to答案：A解析：考查时态和主谓一致。依据时间状语this summer可知，这里应该用一般将来时。当主语后有with，together with，as well as，but，except等词时，谓语动词跟介词(短语)之前的名词或代词的单复数一致，所以A项正确。1(2009湖南)Either you or one of your students_to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.Aare Bis Chave Dbe答案：B解析：考查主谓一致。either.or.连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语单复数依其最近的名词或代词确定。2(2009江苏)The population of Jiangsu_to more than twice what it was in 1949.The figure is now approaching 74 million.A has grown B have grownCgrew Dare growing答案：A解析：考查动词的时态与主谓一致。根据句意可知“江苏的人口已经增长到1949年的两倍多”。因此应该使用现在完成时，人口作为一个整体时谓语动词使用单数形式。3(2009四川)The teacher together with the students_discussing Reading Skills that_newly published in America.Aare；were Bis；were Care；was Dis；was答案：D解析：考查主谓一致。句意为：“老师和同学们在讨论美国刚出版的阅读技巧一书。”主语后接由with，except，as well as，no less than，rather than，more than，besides，together with，including，in addition to等构成的短语时，谓语动词仍与前面的主语保持一致；书名、剧名、报名、国名、地名等作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。题中Reading Skills为书名。4(2009江 西)At present，one of the arguments in favor of the new airport_that it will bring a lot of jobs to the area.Ais Bare Cwill be Dwas答案：A解析：考查主谓一致。句意为：“目前，人们赞成建一座新机场的理由之一是它将给这个地区带来很多的就业机会。”句中的in favor of the new airport是介词短语作后置定语，修饰arguments。根据句中的one of可知谓语动词用单数形式，再结合at present可判断用一般现在时。5(2008陕西)Did you go to the show last night?Yeah.Every boy and girl in the area_invited.Awere Bhave beenChas been Dwas答案：D解析：句意为：“昨晚你去看演出了吗？”“去了，这个地方的每一个人都被邀请了。”主语是every boy and girlevery boy and every girl，谓语动词用单数，又根据时态可知D项正确。6(2007浙江)Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture，but when and where_yet.A hasnt been decided B havent decidedCisnt being decided Darent decided答案：A解析：句意为：“詹姆斯教授将给我们做有关西方文学的演讲，但是时间和地点还没有确定。”根据句意，应该选择被动语态，首先排除B项。when and where是一个整体含义，谓语动词应用单数，排除D项。yet常用于完成时态中，故A项为正确答案。7(2007江西)A survey of the opinions of experts_that three hours of outdoor exercise a week_good for ones health.Ashow；are Bshows；isCshow；is Dshows；are答案：B解析：句意：“一份对专家观点进行的调查显示，每周三个小时的户外锻炼有益于人的健康。”根据句意首先要弄清楚两个设空处的主语分别为a survey和outdoor exercise，故两空都应该用第三人称单数形式，故B项正确。本题巧妙地利用了of的不同用法考查了主谓一致。第一个of表“所属关系”；第二个of表示“的”。8Mike，what did our monitor say just now?Every boy and every girl as well as teachers who are to visit Water Cube_asked to be at the school gate before 6：30 in the morning.Ais Bwere Care Dwas答案：A解析：考查主谓一致。every.and every.结构作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，由此排除B、C两项；根据前面的are to visit Water Cube的时态可知，A项正确。9(2010上 海 模 拟)Facing the economic depression，every possible means_this year to save the company from going bankrupt.Ahas been tried Bhas triedChave been tried Dhave tried答案：A解析：考查主谓一致。句意为：“面对经济萧条，今年已尝试了每种可能的方法来挽救公司免于破产。”every means是单数，所以用has，由句意可知应采用被动语态。10Have you found anything interesting?None of the information_particularly useful to me.Ais Bare Chave Dhas答案：A解析：考查主谓一致。依据后文的particularly useful可以排除C、D两项。而information又是不可数名词，所以谓语动词应用单数。11Do the students learn any foreign language in your school?Yes，more than one_taught in this school.Alanguage is Blanguage areClanguage be Dlanguages are答案：A解析：考查主谓一致。句意为：“你们学校的学生学习外语吗？”“是的。我们学校不止教一门外语。”“more than one名词”作主语，尽管从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词用单数。12He told me that he had mailed part of the samples and that the rest_in a few days.Awas following Bhave followedChas followed Dwere following答案：D解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意为：“他告诉我部分样品已经寄出，剩下的(样品)几天后寄出。”从时态角度考虑，本句讲的是过去的事情，故用过去时，排除B、C两项；然后考虑主谓一致原则，the rest相当于the rest of the samples，表复数，故谓语动词需用复数形式，故答案为D。13 Professor Wang，together with his colleagues，_working on the project day and night to_the deadline.A are；meet B is；meetCare；satisfy Dis；satisfy答案：B解析：考查主谓一致和词语搭配。当主语后跟有together with，as well as等引导的词组时，谓语动词应和主语保持一致，此处主语是Professor Wang，故谓语动词应用单数形式；meet the deadline表示“在截止日期前完成”。14The number of people，who have access to their own cars，_sharply in the past decade.Arose Bis risingC have risen D has risen答案：D解析：考查主谓一致和时态。本句的主语是the number，所以谓语动词用单数；in the past decade表示时间从过去持续到现在，即“十年来”，因此用现在完成时。15Much knowledge as well as many abilities_from our teachers.Yes.We should love and respect our teachers.A are learned B is learnedClearn Dlearns答案：B解析：much knowledge作主语，且句中有as well as引导，谓语动词为单数。且主语与动词learn之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态。16The stones each_as much as two tons.Aweighs Bare weighedCweigh Dis weighed答案：C解析：考查主谓一致和语态。本句主语stones是复数形式，故谓语动词用复数形式；weigh为连系动词，意为“重达”，无被动语态。17Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf_such an attraction that some children saw it a second time.Awere BwasC have been D has been答案：B解析：考查时态和主谓一致。由“some children saw it a second time”可知，应用一般过去时；主语Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf是电影的名称，谓语动词应用单数。18 The angry crowd，_young and old，_moving toward the CNN headquarters，protesting the hosts prejudice remarks against China.Aincluded；were Bincluding；wereCincluded；was Dincluding；was答案：B解析：including作介词放在名词前，而included作为由动词的过去分词转化而来的形容词，可作后置定语，放在名词的后面；句子的主语crowd为复数意义，所以第二空用were。19Anything special in todays papers?Yes.“Confidence is more important than gold.”by Premier Wen_as a headline in many of todays newspapers.Ais used Bare usedChas used Dhave used答案：A解析：句意：“今天各家报纸上有什么特别的消息吗？”“是的。温总理说的话信心比黄金更重要被用作一个标题出现在今天的许多报纸上。”引用的句子作主语，谓语应用单数。且主语与动词use之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态。20 _of the people on the net_Chinas economy is among the strongest in the world.AFourfifth；believes BFourfifth；believeCFourfifths；believe DFourfifths；believes答案：C解析：分数或者百分数修饰名词作主语时，谓语的数由名词而定；分数的表达法是：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1，分母加s。在本题中，people是一个复数名词，作主语时谓语动词要用复数。句意：“4/5的网民相信中国经济位于世界前列。”The end,thank you!