2021-2022新教材英语人教版必修第二册学案：Unit4含答案.pdf

温馨提示：此 套 题 为 Word版，请 按 住 C t r l,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关 闭 Word文档返回原板块。D iscovering Useful Structures过去分词作定语和宾语补足语语法精讲-思维构建语法感知观察并完成下列课文原句1.They use the same flag,known(know)as the U nion Jack,as well asshare the same currency and military defence.2.Most people just use the shortened(shorten)name:the U nitedKingdom or the U K”.3.They had castles built(build)all around England,and made changesto the legal system.【归纳填空】哥王L(过去分词在句中作定语的是：4-)型1(过去分词在句中作宾语补足语的是：5.)答案:4.句 ，句 2 5.句 3语法精讲一、过去分词作定语1.过去分词作定语时的位置。一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在被修饰词之前。有时为了表示强调，也可放在被修饰词之后。*（2020全国 I 卷）1 like eating fried tomatoes with eggs,and I thoughtit must be easy to cook.我喜欢吃番茄炒蛋，我认为这道菜一定很容易做。*（2020全国HI卷）This is often appreciated since at a housewarmingthere isn勺a lot of food served.这一点是值得赞赏的，因为在乔迁派对上不会提供很多食物。过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面，作后置定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句。*（2020全国H卷）U nusual fashion shows in New O rleans and Brooklynhave showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles（whichwas made into clothes in different styles）.在新奥尔良和布鲁克林举办的不同寻常的时装展展示了用海狸鼠的皮毛做成的不同风格的服装。*（2020新高考全国 I 卷）An actor hired by the researchers（who washired by the researchersjgrabbed her food first.一名由研究人员雇用的演员先吃了她的食物。如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时，即使一个单一的分词作形容词用，也要放在被修饰词的后面。*ls there anything unsolved?还有没解决的事情吗？*There is nothing changed here since I left this town.自从我离开这个城镇以来，没有什么变化。2.过去分词作定语的时态和语态意义。及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成，即被修饰词通常是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者，且该动作已经完成。*（2020全国HI卷）O n Thursday in an article published in Cell,a team ofresearchers reported a new kind of adaptation.在周四 细胞杂志上出版的一篇文章中，一组研究人员报道了一种新型的适应方式。*（2020新高考全国 I 卷）The 80,000 objects collected by Sir HansSloane,for example,formed the core collection of the British Museumwhich opened in 1759.汉斯斯隆爵士收藏的8 万件物品成了开放于1759年的大英博物馆的核心馆藏。不及物动词的过去分词作定语仅表示完成，不表示被动。*0n the other hand,I hope to broaden my horizons in this developedcountry.另一方面，我希望在这个发达国家拓宽我的视野。3.过去分词（短语）作非限制性定语，相当于非限制性的定语从句，用来补充说明被修饰词的情况，通常用逗号与主句隔开。*1 m writing to invite you to join us in seeing a film,called My people,My country,我写信邀请你和我们一起看一部电影，叫作 我和我的祖国。名师点津过去分词作定语单个过去分词前加一名词或副词，常用连字符将它们连接起来构成一个复合形容词，放在其修饰的名词前，作前置定语。分词前加的名词表示分词的动作或行为主体，所加的副词表示方式、时间、程度、性质等意义。*（2020,全国HI卷）We will visit some of the best-preserved Romanmonuments in the world.我们将会参观一些世界上保护最好的罗马建筑。Having travelled for a week,we arrived at the snow-coveredmountain.旅行了一周之后，我们到达了那座大雪覆盖的山。（2）有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定语也放在所修饰的名词之后 如left（剩余的）,given（所给的）,concerned（有关的）等。*There is little time left.Lets hurry up.剩余的时间不多了，我们赶快吧。*We are interested in the problems concerned and want to find outmore information.我们对有关的问题很感兴趣，想了解更多信息。【巧学助记】过去分词作定语速记口诀过去分词作定语，意义用法容易记。及物动词用过分，表示被动与完成；不及物用过分时，不表被动表完成；单个过分名词前，过分短语名词后,若是修饰不定代，只能放在代词后;given,left和concerned,作定语时要后置。教师专用司【知 识 延 伸】现在分词与过去分词作定语的区别。语 态上不同：现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词多表示被动意义。*The running water(=The water which runs)in the river is very clear.河里的流水很清澈。*Nine out often women interviewed(=who were interviewed)aboutthe product said they liked it.就这个产品被采访的十位妇女中有九位说她们喜欢它。(2)时间关系上不同：现在分词表示正在进行的动作，而过去分词表示已经完成的动作。*We are all living in a changing world(=a world which/that is changing).我们都生活在正在发生变化的世界里。*The changed world(=The world which had changed)surprised him.已经变化了的世界令他吃惊。即学活用1.(2020全 国H卷)The beautiful long branches covered(cover)withpink-colored buds make fantastic decorations.2.Glad to learn that you re going to have a photo exhibition called(call)Moving Moments.3.There will be a speech given(give)by Mo Yan,a Nobel Prize winner.4.1m writing to make some complaints about the computerbought(buy)in your store.5.Anyone interested(interest)in model airplane and the knowledge ofspace is warmly welcomed.二、过去分词作宾语补足语1.用于 feel,find,hear,notice,see,smell,observe,watch,think 等表示感觉或心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。*(2020全国 II 卷)They make great gifts and you see them many timesdecorated with red envelopes and messages of good fortune,它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和吉祥话。*When he woke up,he found himself surrounded by a group ofchildren.醒来的时候，他发现自己被一群孩子围绕着。2.用 于get,have,make,keep,leave等使役动词后作宾语补足语。*(2020全国HI卷)O ne day the emperor wanted to get his portrait doneso he called all great artists to come and present their finest work.一天，国王想找人给自己画个像，因此，他召来了所有伟大的艺术家,展示他们最精美的作品。*Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will suggest a good way to have her writtenEnglish improved in a short period.珍妮希望史密斯先生能提出一个在短时间内提高她的英语写作水平的好方法。3.用于with复合结构中作宾语补足语。*With knowledge and skills gained in this university,I will play a moreactive role in contributing to my country.有了在这所大学里获得的知识和技能，我将积极投入到为祖国的贡献中去。*With most of his time wasted in playing basketball,he failed in theexam.由于大部分时间都浪费在打篮球上，他考试没及格。教师专用除过去分词形式以外,with复合结构中动词还有以下两种宾语补足语形式：with+宾语+现在分词该动词与宾语之间为主动关系，也可表示该动作正在进行with+宾语+动词不定式不定式表示将要发生的动作*With a lot of work to do,he wasnt allowed to go out.因为还有很多工作要做，他没有被允许外出。*With prices going up so fast,we cant afford luxuries.由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。4.用于 wish,want,would like,expect,order 等表示 意欲 命令 的动词后面作宾语补足语。*1 would like the problem settled at the meeting.我想要在会议上把这个问题解决。*We all wish this pandemic controlled all over the world as quickly aspossible.我们都希望在全世界范围内这场疫情能得到控制。教师专用【知识延伸】过去分词、现在分词与不定式作宾语补足语的区别非谓语动词作宾语补足语时的意义过去分词表示被动（宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者）和动作已完成现在分词表示主动（宾语为现在分词所表示的动作的执行者）和动作止在进行不定式表示动作还未发生*With what he wanted to say said,he hung off before the other sidegave any response.说完了他想说的话，未等到电话的另一端给出任何回应他就挂了电话。（此处强调话是被说的且话已说完）*When I came here,I saw Li Lei reading an English book.当我来到这儿时，我看到李蕾正在读一本英文书。（读书 这一动作正在进行）*With a lot of difficult problems to deal with,the newly-electedpresident was in a dilemma.有很多棘手的问题要解决，这位新当选的总统处于进退两难的境地。（不定式表示动作,各要发生）即学活用1.(2020-天津高考)T hats good,because its always the people withno time who get things done(do).2.When he came to himself,he found himself lying(lie)in hospitaland surrounded(surround)by a lot of people.3.The writer made efforts to have his newly written novelpublished(publish)sooner.4.With the problem solved(solve),I felt proud of my achievement.5.He walked into the room quietly in order not to make himselfnoticed(notice).馋学情诊断课堂测评I.单句语法填空1.She understood that everything told(tell)by her grandmother wastrue in the city.2.What made me impressed(impress)is that they have had professionaltraining.3.The teacher doesnt expect such questions discussed(discuss)in class.4.A Shaoxing O pera named(name)Butterfly Lovers will be on show inTianjin Grand Theater.5.(2019北京高考)Earth Day,marked(mark)on 22 April,is anannual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmentalprotection.6.With all his energy concentrated(concentrate)on his painting,hedidnt notice it was raining heavily outside.7.To solve students mental problems,we will hold a lecturedeliverecKdeliver)by a professor from the U K.8.Tomorrow the short-sighted students will go to hospital to have theireyes examined(examine).9.1m writing to invite you to be the judge for the robot designingcompetition organized(organize)by us.10.Tom found a place in the trees to keep himself hidden(hide)fromthe enemy.n.完成句子1.Next day,people dressed in new clothes will go to visit friends,wishing them good luck.第二天，穿着新衣服的人们将去拜访朋友，送去美好祝愿。2.With everything well arranged,he left the office.一切安排妥当后，他离开了办公室。3.Back from his two-year medical service in remote areas,Dr Lee wasvery happy to see his parents taken pood care of at home.在偏远地区做了两年的医疗服务，回来后李医生很高兴地看到他的父母在家被照顾得很好。4.With time and energy saved,children can have time to pursue theirinterests.通过节省时间和精力，孩子们可以有时间去追求自己的兴趣。5.They send not only the things needed but also their love to those whoneed care most.他们不仅送去所需要的东西，还为最需要关怀的人们送去了他们的关爱。6.Do you want to get this book delivered to your house or would youprefer to come to the shop for it yourself?你是想把这本书送到家里，还是自己到书店来拿？7.Last Saturday,some students took part in an activity organized bvthe school Student Union.上周六，一些学生参加了学校学生会组织的一个活动。8.1 had to look for a place along the street to Het mv bicvcle repaired.我不得不沿着街道找一个地方把我的自行车修好。9.The library built three vears ago belongs to our school.三年前建的这个图书馆属于我们学校。10.Addicted to computer games,he left much homeworkunfinished.他沉迷于电脑游戏，很多作业没有做完。语法主题应用用本单元语法完成下面短文。Last week,I served as a volunteer at a competition held bv theStudent Union（由学生会举办的）to have mv communication skillsimproved（提高我的交流技能）.The judges invited（被邀请的裁判）werefrom Grade three.All students interested（所有感兴趣的同学）wereallowed to attend the competition.With all preparation work done（所有的准备工作完成），the competition went on smoothly.At last,thecompetition was very successful,and we were all to see our effortsrecognised（看到我们的努力被认可）by students and teachers.关 闭Word文档返回原板块温馨提示：此 套 题 为Word版，请 按 住C trl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关 闭Word文档返回原板块。Unit 4 History and TraditionsListening and SpeakingShare views on historic sitesI.主题词汇听写的 1 .Temple ofConfucius却呼）Confucius4.philosophyKong Family 3.Cemetery of2.Mansion ConfuciusAchilles 5.heel A 6.descendant ofConfuciusn.教材听力填空William:Excuse me,do you speak English?I m looking for theConfucius Temple,but Im not 1.good at mapsthey re my Achilles heel!Xiao Kong:O h,hello,yes.Come with meIm going to the templeright now.By the way,what does“Achilles heel mean?William:O h,it means that something is 2.my weaknessIm reallybad with maps!So do you know much about Confucius?He?s one ofmy favourite philosophers.He was such a wise man.Xiao Kong:O h,yes.I was born here.In fact,I believe I am adescendant of Confucius himself.William:No way,you re pulling my leg,right?So how do youknow you re related to Confucius?Didnt he live 3.over 2,500 vearsago?Xiao Kong:Yes,but his family tree is well recorded.He has over threemillion descendants.Sorry again,what does“pulling my leg mean?William:O h,sorry,it means to joke with someone.Anyway,soyou re actually going to the temple to pay respects to your relative?Xiao Kong:Well,yes.But Im also meeting my study group there.Weare doing a research project on Confucius ideas 4.on education.Youknow,Confucius was a great educator,and he had many great ideasabout education.For example,he talked about the relationshipbetween learning and reflecting.He believed that learning withoutreflecting leads to confusion.O h,look,the temple is just overthere.William:O h,great!Whats that big building over there?Xiao Kong:O h,thats the famous Dacheng Hall.You know,its sowell-respected in Q ufu that no other building in the city can be 5.tallerthan it.William:Wow,now that s respect.That s a little bit like myhometownStratford-upon-Avon.Xiao Kong:Wait,you mean where Shakespeare was from?What acoincidenceConfucius and Shakespeare,two of the greatest minds inhistory!I really want to visit the U KIm really interested in 6.Britishhistorv and culture.William:O h,thats great!So later we can go for a cup of tea andhave a chat about it.And it would be great if you could take mesomewhere to get my watch fixed.Xiao Kong:O K,no problem!So come and meet my studygroupwe can tell you all about the temple.And how long are youstaying in Q ufu?I can show you the Cemetery of Confucius and theKong Family Mansion as well.William:Really?T hats so kind!I need all the help I can getImlike 7.a fish out of water.m.话题听力体验听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。1.Whats the weather like now?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Snowy.2.When can the tour be finished?A.At 4:00 p.m.B.At 5:00 p.m.C.At 6:00 p.m.3.Which spot will tourists get to after visiting the museum?A.O xford Street.B.Elizabeth Tower.C.Tower Bridge.4.Where is the cafe?A.U nder the London Eye.B.Beside the Tower of London.C.Near Buckingham Palace.答案:1-4.ABAC【听力原文】Good morning,ladies and gentlemen.Welcome to this fantastictour of London by bus.My name s Greg and I am your guide thisafternoon.As you can see,we zre on an open-top bus,so you can seeall the attractions from your seats and you dont need to walk anywhere.And please dont worry about the rain;Im sure it ll stop soon.Well,its two o clock and the tour takes three hours.First we II see MadameTussauds,the museum with candle models of famous people.Andthen we ll drive along the most famous shopping street in the world,O xford Street.We can buy many souvenirs in the shops.After that we llsee the famous clock Elizabeth Tower.As we drive along the river we llsee the popular attraction,the London Eye,from which you can seethe whole city on sunny day.Then we ll see Tower Bridge and the Towerof London.Finally we ll drive back to Buckingham Palace at 4:30,justin time for a cup of tea with the Q ueen.No,not exactly,but there/s alovely cafe near the palace where you can get a cup of tea.Pronunciation 发音技巧连读的条件：相邻的两词在意义上必须密切相关，同属一个意群。连读所构成的音节一般都不重读，只需顺其自然地一带而过，不可读得太重。L 辅音+元音”型连读连读在同一个意群里，如果相邻两词中的前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这就要将辅音与元音拼起来连读。eg.Let me have a look at it.、Z 、ZPut it onplease.Nol al all.2.“r/re+元音”型连读如果前一个词是以-r或者-re结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这 时 的r或re不但要发/,而且还要与后面的元音拼起来连读。eg.Theyre my fatherjind mother.Here is a letter for you.3.“辅音+半元音型连读英语语音中的/j/和/w/是半元音，如果前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以半元音，特别是力7开头，此时也要连读。eg.Thank-you.Nice to meet you.Couldj/ou help me,please?4.元音+元音型连读如果前一个词以元音结尾，后一个词以元音开头，这两个音往往也要自然而不间断地连读到一起。eg.She wants to sludvEnglish.How and why did you come here?She can i carrot.听词辨音听下面句子，标注连续音。1.Ms Black worked in an office last yesterday.2.They have looked for it here and there.3.It II take you three hours to walk there.4.There are some books on the desk.5.Shall we meet at eight or ten tomorrow morning?6.Let me have a look at it.7.Would vou like a cup of tea?8.Can I speak to John?9.He is very friendly to me.10.The girl in the red coat was on a black bike iust now.关 闭Word文档返回原板块温馨提示：此 套 题 为Word版，请 按 住C trl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关 闭Word文档返回原板块。Listening and TalkingTalk about a visit to a historic tourist destinationI.话题句式1.We will try some famous local snacks and experience the local history.我们将去吃一些地方特色小吃，体验当地历史。2.O n our arrival,we were warmly welcomed by the local people.我们一到达，就受到了当地人的热烈欢迎。3.Located in a hill,this beautiful and old city has become a populartourist attraction now,这座坐落在小山上的美丽古城现在成了一个受欢迎的旅游胜地。4.1 feel proud of knowing your interest in Chinese history.知道你对中国历史感兴趣，我感到自豪。5.Confucius is considered as the greatest of the ancient Chinese sages.孔子被认为是古代中国最伟大的圣人。6.There are lots of places of interest in Xi an,such as The TerracottaWarriors and Horses,the O ld City Wall.西安有很多名胜古迹，例如兵马俑、古城墙。7.That is really a feast for eyes and makes your journey worthwhile.那真的是视觉盛宴，并且让你的旅程变得值得。口 .情境交际听录音补全对话Xiao Yan:Hi,Paul.I/m sorry to hear you re leaving tomorrow.So whatdid you make of Pingyao?Paul:Well,to be honest,when I first arrived,I was 1.a littledisappointed.I had expected something different.But then I walkedinto the old city.I was 2.so amazed!It was like walking into history.Somany beautiful buildings from the Ming and Q ing dynasties.Xiao Yan:Yes,Pingyao has a long historyover 2,000 years.It used tobe a very important banking centre in China.Paul:Yes,so I visited the R ishengchang Bank and learnt all about theJin Businessmen.I/ve got to say though,it wasnt 3.as big as I hadexpected.But it was still interesting to learn about what banks were likealmost 200 years ago.Xiao Yan:O h,well,what about the Ming-Q ing Streetthatspretty big.Some of the snacks there are amazing!Paul:O h,that place,yes.But I had no idea there would be so manytourists!So I decided to 4