人教版高二英语学案unit‘1.pdf

高二英语自主探究学案（adj被污染的）第 一 课 时 Book 5 Unitl Greatscientists Words and phrases一、学习任务（一）.词类转换。1.scientific adj （n 科学家）（n 自然科学）2.analyse Vt（n 分析）_（n 复数）3.challenge n（adj 具有挑战性的）4.enquiry n（Vt 询问）5.pollute vt（n 污染）6.contribute vt（n 贡献;捐助）7.creative adj（Vt 仓造）（n 创造）（n创造力）8.Revolutionary adj_（n 革命）9.reject vt（n 拒绝，抛弃）10.universe n（adj 宇宙的，普遍的）11.announce vt（n 通告，宣布）12.construct vt（n j 建设,修建）13.conclude vt（n 结论,结束）14.deadly adj（adj 死的）；（V t死亡，去世）；（n 死亡，死亡人数）15.cure vt/n（adj 可以治愈的）；（oppo不可治愈的）16.investigate vt（n调查）17.instruct vt（n 命令；指示；用法说明书）（adj有启发性的，有益的）18.certainty n（adj 肯定的，确定的）19.positive adj（oppo 消极的，否定的）20.enthusiastic adj_（n 热情）（二）.单词拼写L单词拼写：1 .Urban inhabitants have to live with the（典型的，特有的）noises ofcities.2.We must take a（科学的）approach to the problem.3.The debate did not come to a（总结）until midnight.4.The old man was u t t e r l y（吸弓I）in the book.5.1 turned the h（把手）and openedthe door.6.The vote was completed.The chairman a（宣布）the result.7.He i（要求命令）me to deliver itto a customer.8.The scientist oft en（做贡献）toan academic journal.9.He is an engineer trained in highwayc（.建设）10 .Are you p（确信的，积极的）thatyou saw him?11.He is very s（严格的）with hisstudents.12.David is very e（热情的）about the plan.13.The boar d（拒绝）all ourideas.14.The boss is（小心谨慎的）about making promises.15.It seemed the water was to（责备）第二课时 Reading（一）John Snow defeats“King Cholera”一.学习目标1.了解不同领域不同时代的科学家对人类的贡献及其成果。2.本文章介绍了英国著名医生John Snow是如何通过考察分析、探究的科学方法，发现并控制“霍乱”这种传染病的。通过课文学习，使学生了解科学发现的全过程及其严密性。二.学习任务【课前预习】Task 1.Warming up:What do you knowabout great scientists?Do the quiz on Page1.Task 2.课文课前预习 练习册Pl 一、二【课上学习】Task 3.Fast readingRead the text quickly to fill in theblanks with the seven stages in Pre-readingon Page 1 and match the main idea ofparagraphs.Para 1.ind a problem A.Heneeded to Vrove the second theory wascorrect.Para 2.B.Hefound out that dirty water was the cause ofcholera.Para 3.C.Helooked into the source of the water.Para 4.Collect results D.Hefound two other deaths to prove pollutedwater carried the virus.Para 5.E.JohnSnow wanted to use his knowledge to solvecholera.Para 6.F.Hegot interested in two theories.Para 7._J.Finally King Cholera was defeated.Task 4 Careful readingPara 1.Q:Why couldnt the cholera beunder control at first?Because neithernor was understood.Para 2.Q:What is the second theory?Para 3-7.Do exercise 1 on Page 3.【巩固检测】Fill in the blanks.John Snow was a well-known inLondon in the century.Cholera was adeadly disease of its day.N either itsnor its was known.He wanted toface the.In 1854 when acholera out,he began to gatherinformation.He on a map where allthe dead people had lived and he found thatmany people who had drunk the dirty waterfrom the died.So he decided thatthe polluted water carried cholera.Hesuggested that the of all water supplybe.Finally,“King Cholera”wasdefeated.第三课时Reading（二）句型竽习目标：掌握阅读中的重点短语与苑短上尸任务T askl细读课文，找出下1.考虑2面对挑战3.如此以至于对 感兴趣5决定去做某事一大团，一大片7.蔓延做好准备做某事9.把做标记在1 0.给某人关于 有价值的线索11.把 归 咎 于12.作进一步的调查13.放 慢 速14.调查15.跟.有4.16.死于的原因17.阻6.1 8.使暴露19.确 定8.20.不再Task 2.汉译英。1.关 系止无 疑 的人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。L4.2.L17.5.每次霍乱暴发时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓死去。L5.3.看来水是罪魁祸首。L25.6.第一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖着。L10.4.他发现特别在两条街道上霍乱流行的很严重，在10天之内就死去了 50 0多人。为 了 防 止 这 种 情 况 的 再 度 发 生，约翰 斯洛建议所有水源都要经过检测。L46.第 四课时 Using Language Readingand writingCopernicuss revolutionary theory一、学习目标：了解哥白尼及其“日心说”的发现过程。二、学习任务2.How many years did Copernicus workon the problem to complete his theory?Task 1.According to common sense,before C b amicus s*，rnicus sg3.When did Copernicus publish histheory?Task 2.Read the text on Page 7 andanswer the following questions.1.Why couldnt he tell anyone about thetheory?Task 3.Read through the passage,and tellwhether the following statements are true(T)or false(F).l.At Copernicus time,Christian Churchwas in charge of many western countries.2.Copernicus didnt show his new theoryto his friends until he completed it.3.His friends were not interested in hisideas.4.Since he was not afraid of beingattacked by the Church,Copernicuspublished his book as soon as he finishedworking on it.5.N ewton,Einstein,and Hawking are allscientists who made contribution to thestudy of the universe.Task 4.细读课文，找出下列短语。1.导 致，通 向2.有意义，讲得通7.在基础上Task 5.汉译英。1.虽然他曾经试着不去理睬那些数字，然而他所有的数学计算都得出了一个相同的结论:地球不是太阳系的中心。Although弓|导,主句中又包含一个that引导的L1.3.因 为 那 个 原 因4.有时，间或5.致 力 于6.反对2.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。【Only+状语/状语从句”位于句首，句子须用 结构。】L3.翻译：只有当他告诉我这个消息，我才知道发生了什么事。3.他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕着地球转。with+宾语+宾补】L20._1).We found the house easily with the littleb o y(l e a d)the way.2).The murderer was brought in,with hish an d s(ti e)b eh i n d his back.第 五 课 时 Grammar The PastParticiple as the Predicative&Attribute复习：过去分词用于以下情况中1.用于完成时态，have/has/had+过去分词翻 译：收 音 机 修 好 了 吗？?2.用于被动语态，be+过去分词翻 译：收 音 机 周 一 修 好 了。3.用于句式 have/get sth.done翻译：上周我们让人把收音机修好了。4.过去分词用作形容词使用翻 译：最 近 修 好 的 收 音 机 又 坏 了。思”上有主动和被动之分。过去分词一般有被动和完成两大特征。淀 boiled water表“完 fallen leaves 落叶成”或 the risen sun话 selected apples_被动 spoken Englishiced beer_cooked foodfried chips分词是动词的一种非谓语形式，主要起形容词和副词的作用，可以作定语、表语或是状语等。分词有两种，一种是现在分词，一种是过去分词。这两种分词在句子中能担任的成分大体相同，主要是在“意单个的 Hurry up,there is only a little过去分 time left.词作定语时,If you wish everything一般放 changed,please say so.在 被 修-饰 词 语-之前（如上例），也可以放在所修饰词语的后面。过去分 N ear the window,there is abookshelf filled词短语作定语时，须将分词放在被修饰的词语之后,功能相当于一个定语从句。菜 当“人”with many books(=which isfilled with many books).Her daughter,brought up byme(二who was broughtup by me)has begun to worknow.When we heard of it,we weredeeply moved.诺作主语时用过去分词作表语,表示主He seemed quite delighted atthe idea.o与被动语态混为一体。分词作O（动作）On the earth,70%of thesurface is covered with water.表 语 表 O（状态）语的状态或思想感情示主语 I w as greatly surprised by aknock at the door.的状态，_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _而 被 动 o（动作）等。过去分 My glasses arebroken._作 表。（状 看语不要 My glasses were broken by my语态则表不被动的动作。son.Practice:高考单选题中的“过去分词作定语和表语”28.Tom sounds very much in the job,but Im not sure whether he can manage it.A.interested B.interesting C.interestinglyD.interestedly（2006 安徽）高考经典题回放l.The pilot asked all the passengers onboard to remain as the plane wasmaking a landing.（20 0 4 上海春季）A.seat B.seating C.seated D.to be seating2.After his journey from abroad,RichardJohns returned home,_.（20 0 4上海春季）A.exhausting B.exhausted C.beingexhausted D.having exhausted3.A man is being questioned in relation tothe murder last night.（20 0 4 江苏）A.advised B.attendedC.attempted D.admitted4.一How are the team playing?一They re playing well,but one of themhurt.（N MET 20 0 2 春季）A.got B.getsC.are D.were5.Sarah,hurry up.Im afraid you canthave time to before theparty.（20 0 4 全国）A.get changed B.get change C.getchanging D.get to change6.1 failed in the final examination last term and only then the importance of studies.（20 0 4 重庆）A.I realized B.I had realized C.had I realized D.did I realize7.Dont use words,expressions,or phrasesonly to people with specificknowledge.（20 0 2 上海）A.being known B.having been knownC.to be known D.known 强化训练从 A、B、C、D 中选出最佳选项。From the boys look,we can sayit must be news that he passedthe exam.A.delighting;delighted B.delighted;delighting-C.delisted;delighted D.delighting;delighting课文翻译约翰斯洛击败“霍乱王”约翰斯洛是伦敦一位著名的医生-他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚女王的私人医生。但他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。霍乱在当时是最致命的疾病，人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。每次霍乱暴发时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓死去。约翰斯洛想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。他知道，在找到病源之前,霍乱疫情是无法控制的。斯洛对霍乱致人死地的两种推测都很感兴趣。一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖着，像一股危险的气体到处漂浮，直到找到病毒的受害者为止。第二种看法是人们在吃饭的时候把这种病毒引入体内的。病从胃里发作而迅速殃及全身，患者就会很快地死去。斯洛推测第二种说法是正确的，但他需要证据。因此，在 1854年伦敦再次暴发霍乱的时候，约翰斯洛着手准备对此进行调研。当霍乱在贫民区迅速蔓延的时候，约 翰 斯洛就开始收集资料。他发现特别在两条街道上霍乱流行的很严重，在10 天之内就死去了 50 0 多人。他决心要查明其原因。首先，他在一张地图上标明了所有死者住过的地方。这提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。许多死者是住在宽街的水泵附近（特别是这条街上16、37、38、4 0 号）。他发现有些住宅（如宽街上20 号和 21号以及剑桥街上的8 号和9 号）却无人死亡。他以前没预料到这种情况，所有他决定深入调查。他发现，这些人都在剑桥街7号的酒馆里打工，而酒馆为他们免费提供啤酒喝，因此他们没有喝从宽街水泵抽上来的水。看来水是罪魁祸首。接下来，约翰斯洛调查了这两条街的水源情况。他发现，水是从河里来的，而河水被伦敦排出的脏水污染了。他马上叫宽街上惊慌失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手。这样，水泵就用不成了。不久，疫情就开始得到缓解。他证明了，他证明了霍乱是由病菌而不是由气团传播的。在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与宽街暴发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中发现了有力的证据。有一位妇女是从宽街搬过来的，她特别喜欢那里的水，每天都要派人从水泵打水运到家里来。她和她的女儿喝了这种水，都得了霍乱而死去。有了这个特别的证据，约翰斯洛就能够肯定地宣布，这种被污染了的水携带着病菌。为了防止这种情况的再度发生，约翰斯洛建议所有水源都要经过检测。自来水公司也接到指令，不能再让人们接触被污染的水了。最终，“霍乱王”被击败To哥白尼的革命性理论尼古拉哥白尼被吓得心烦意乱的。虽然他曾经试着不去理睬那些数字，然而他所有的数学计算都得出了一个相同的结论:地球不是太阳系的中心。只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。他的这个理论可不能告诉任何人，因为即使他只暗示有这种想法，他都会受到强大的基督教会势力的惩罚。教会认为世界是上帝创造的，正因为如此，地球就具有特殊的意义，它必定要成为太阳系的中心。这样，问题就来了，因为天文学家以前发现过，天上有些行星停顿下来，往后移动，然后再成环状向前移动，而其他行星看上去有时亮些，有时又不怎么亮。如果地球是太阳系的中心，而所有行星环绕着地球转的话，那么这种现象就很奇怪To哥白尼对这些问题曾经苦苦思索过很久，试图找出问题的答案。他曾经收集过观察星球的数据，并且利用他的全部数学知识来解释这些数据。但是只有他的新理论才能作出解释。于是，他 在1510至1514年期间从事这项研究,逐步修改他的理论，直到他感到完善时为止。1514年,他把他的新理论私下里给他的朋友们看。他对旧理论的修改是具有革命性的。他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕着地球转。他还提出地球在围绕太阳转的同时，它本身还自转，这样就说明了行星运动的变化情况以及星球亮度问题。他的朋友都热情地鼓励他把他的想法公之于世，而他却小心谨慎，他不想遭到基督教会的攻击，所以他直到1543年临终之前才公布了这一观点。当然，他小心谨慎是对的。基督教会拒绝接受他的理论，说这种理论违背了上帝的旨意，而支持这种理论的人都会受到打击。然而哥白尼的理论却是我们宇宙观赖以建立的基础。他的理论还改变了基督教对地心引力的看法，他们认为物体往地球上掉落是因为上帝创造了地球，而地球正是宇宙的中心。哥白尼表明这是明显错误的。如今人们可以看到，他的这些想法与艾萨克牛顿、阿尔伯特爱因斯坦以及斯蒂芬霍金等人的研究都有着直接的联系。词汇当堂检测一.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Teenagers need to get more(science)knowledge in school.2.Last week he had his eyes(examination).3.The old lady is fond o f(r e p e a t)her stories in the old days.4.They (analysis)the caseaccording to the fact at yesterdays meeting.二.单项选择1.My grandfather is too old,so my aunt islooking for someone to him.A.treat B.cure C.attend D.examine2.He is such a strong-willed person thatthere is nothing in the world that canhim.A.win B.defeat C.rescue D.attack3.From these facts we can aconclusion that no one can prevent usbecoming stronger.A.take B.get C.draw D.make4.Its very dangerous to be to the SARS viwithout any protection.A disclosed B uncover C affected D expose5.This medicine will him of his cough.A recover B cure C treat D healMr Green stood up in defence of the16-year-old boy,saying that he was not theone.A.blamed B.blaming C.to blame D.to be blamed6.for the breakdown of the schoolcomputer network,Alice was in low spirits.A.Blaming B.Blamed C.To blame D.To be blamed三.用 blame相关短语 完成下列句子。1.Dont always(把自己的失败faliure归咎于他人）.Sometimes,you yourself （该受责备）.2.Shel（怪罪我们），ifit turns out badly.3.She didnt 什巴她父亲的死death归咎于任何人）.阅读当堂检测一.用适当的介词或副词填空。1.Doctors warn that babies should not beexposed strong sunlight.2.There was a strong smell of burningthe air.3.The young man got very interestedinventing things in his lab.4.The car had to slow since theroad was covered with thick snow.5.1 cant say any certainty where Iwill be next week.二.根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列句子。1.I found my teacher busy preparing hisl e s s o n s（每次）I went to visit him.2.His plan was good（如止 匕 以致于）all people present agreed toaccept it.3.The car driver s h o u l d（负责）forthe accident on the highway.4.A working group was set up to（调查）the pollution problems.5.The video cameras （与.相连接）a powerful computer.三.选择题l.The results of the medical checkupsuggested that my father in poorhealth,so the doctor suggested that hesmoking and take more exercise.A.was;gave up B.be;should give upC.should be;gave up D.was;give up27.He always brings me a pretty gift hto visit me.A by the time B sometimes C every timetimes四.仿写 他每次来北京都来看我。每次我听到那则笑话都忍不住笑。我一看见你就认出你来了。Using language 当堂检测一、单词拼写l.The scientist often（做费腺为0 an academic journal.石器 is an engineer trained in highway_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _（建设）.3.Are you p（确信 的）thatyou saw him?4.He is very（严格的）w汕 hisstudents.5.David is very（热心的）about the plan.6.The teacher was patient with（落后的）children.7.The boar d（拒绝）all our ideas.8.The boss is（小心谨慎的）about making promises.9.We went into a large room,with a largeelectric fan（旋转）o verhead.二、用适当介词填空1.The quarrel led the fighting betweenthe two villagers.2.He is always positive trying newideas.3.His father is very strict him andstrict _ his studies too.4.We should base our theory _ fact.5.The photo calls up the memory of hischildhood _ times.三、单选1.I have read the material several times butit doesnt make any to m e.（上海20 0 4）A.meaning B.importance C.sense D.significance2.Only by imagining and creating adifference.A.can make B.you can make C.make D.can you make3.There are trees and flowers along bothsides of the road our school.A leading to B defeated C won Dgained4.I couldnt do my homework with all thatnoise.A.going on B.goes on C.wenton D.to go on语法当堂检测1.The murderer was brought in,with hishands behind his back.A.being tied B.having tiedC.to be tied D.tied2.The Emperors N ew Clothes is antext.All of us are about it.A.exciting;exciting B.excited;excitedC.excited;exciting D.exciting;excited3.With leaves in the earthevery year,the soil becomes richer andricher.A.falling;burying B.fallen;buriedC.fallen;burying D.falling;buried4.一Im very with the dish Icooked.It looks nice and smells delicious.一Mm.It does have a smell.A.pleasant;pleased B.pleased;pleasedC.pleasant;pleasant D.pleased;pleasant5.1 have read plenty of books by LuXun.A.written B.wroteC.writes D.writing6.His n e p h e w,a t sea when he wasfifteen,had been his only relative.A.losing B.losesC.lost D.being lost7.They had beef and for supper.A.smoking fish B.fish smokingC.fish to smoke D.smoked fish8.She asked if there was anythingfor tonight.A.to plan B.plannedC.that plans D.planning学案答案第一课时一词性转换1.scientific adj scientist（n 科学家）science（n 自然科学）2.analyse Vt analysis（n 分析）analyses（n 复数）3.challenge n challenging（adj 具有挑战性的）4.enquiry n enquire（Vt 询问）5.pollute vt pollution（n 污染）polluted _（adj 被污染的）6.contribute vt contribution（n 贡献；捐助）7.creative adj create（Vt 仓 U 造）creation（n 仓 U 造）creative（n 仓 ll造力）8.revolutionary adj revolution（n 革命）9.reject vtrejection（n 拒绝，抛弃）10.universe n的，普遍的）11.announce vt告，宣布）12.construct vt设，修建）universal（adj 宇宙announcement（n 通construction（nj 建13.conclude vt conclusion（n 结论，结束）14.deadly adj dead（adj 死的）；die（Vt死亡，去世）；death（n 死亡，死亡人数）15.cure vt/n curable（adj 可以治愈的）；incurable（oppo不可治愈的）16.investigate vt investigation（n调查）17.instruct vt instruction（n 命令；指示；用法说明书）instructive（adj有启发性的，有益的）18.certainty n certain（adj 肯定的,确定的）19.positive adj negative（oppo 消极的，否定的）20.enthusiastic adj enthusiasm（n热情）二.单词拼写：1 characteristic 2 scientific3.conclusion4.absorbed 5.handle 6.announced 7.instructed 8.contributes 9.construction 10 positive 11 strict12.enthusiastic 13.rejected 14.cautious15.blame第二课时ReadingTask3.Para 1.用呻 a problemneeded to/prove the secondcorrect./A.Hetheory wasPara 2.yta嫁 a question B.Hefound outmat dirty water was the cause ofcholera./Para 3.Th加 of a method C.Helooked intpahe source of the water.Para 4.Collect results D.Hefound two Xther deaths to prove pollutedwater carried the virus.Para 5.Analyse the results E.JohnSnow wanted to use his knowledge to solvecholera.Para 6.Find supporting evidence F.He gotinterested in two theories.Para 7.Draa conclusion J.Finally“King Cholera“was defeated.Task4.1.its cause,its cure 2.Thesecond theory suggested that peopleabsorbed this disease into their bodies withtheir meals.3.2-1-4-7-3-8-5-6巩 固 检 测：doctor,19th,cause,cure,challenge,broke,marked,pump,source,examined第三课时一.1 .think about 2.face the challenge3.so.that.4 become interested in 5.bedetermined to do6.a cloud of 7.spread through 8.be ready todo 9 mark.on.10 give sb a valuable cluebout11.be to blame 12 make furtherinvesigation 13.slow down 14.Look into15.be linked