大学英语四级倒装句.ppt

倒装句讲解倒装句讲解英英语语句句子子通通常常有有两两种种语语序序：一一种种是是陈述语序，一种是倒装语序。陈述语序，一种是倒装语序。将将谓谓语语的的一一部部分分或或全全部部置置于于主主语语之之前的语序叫做倒装语序。前的语序叫做倒装语序。倒倒装装可可分分为为二二种种：将将整整个个谓谓语语提提到到主主语语之之前前的的叫叫完完全全倒倒装装（full full inversioninversion）；）；而而只只将将be be、情情态态动动词词或或者者助助动动词词放放在在 主主 语语 之之 前前 的的 叫叫 做做 部部 分分 倒倒 装装（partial inversionpartial inversion）。）。一、完全倒装一、完全倒装1.There be结构。另外,在此结构中可以用来代替be动词的动词有:exist,seem,happen,appear,live,rise,stand等。如:Therestoodadogbeforehim.Thereexistdifferentopinionsonthisquestion.巩固练习:1)_abeautifulpalace_thefootofthehill.A.Therestand;atB.Therestands;underC.Standsthere;underD.Therestands;at2(1).在以here、there、now、then等副词开头的句子里。“Here,There,Now,Then+come(或be,go,lie,run)+主语结构。Herecomestheoldlady!Thencamethehourwehadbeenlookingforwardto.Therecomesthebus.Nowcomesyourturn.如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装。如:Hereyouare.Thereshecomes.(2).表示方向的副词out,in,up,down等置于句首,要用全部倒装。如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装。如:IncameMr.White.Upwentthearrowintotheair.Awaywenttheboy.2)There_.Andhere_.A.goesthephone;shecomesB.isthephonegoing;isshe C.doesthephonego;doesshecomeD.thephonegoes;comeshe3)Out_,withastickinhishand.A.didherushB.rushedheC.herushedD.hedidrush4)_fromthetopofthebuildingwhenthepolicemanpointedthegunathim.A.JumpeddowntherobberB.JumpedtherobberdownC.DownjumpedtherobberD.Downtherobberjumped(3).当表示地点的介词词组(如如on the wall,under the tree,in front of the house,in the middle of the room等等)在句首时。Atthefootofthehillliesabeautifullake.Thesoldiersrantothebuilding,onthetopofwhichflewaflag.Eastofthelakelietwotowns.Underthetreewaslyingawoundedsoldier.5)Nearthechurch_cottage.A.wassuchanoldB.hadasooldC.wassucholdaD.issoanold3.分词分词(代词代词)+be+主语主语结构。结构。如如:Walkingattheheadofthelinewasourteacher.Suchwasthestoryhetoldme.6)_,amanofachievements,deepthoughts,butwithsimplehabits.A.EinsteinwassuchB.SuchwasEinsteinC.EinsteinwassoD.SowasEinstein7)_arethedayswhenteacherswerelookeddownupon.A.GoneB.Go C.TogoD.Going二、部分倒装二、部分倒装 部分倒装是把be动词、情态动词、助动词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词,要在主语之前加助动词do/does/did等,而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。1.1.句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。这类词或短语主要有never,neither,nor,little,seldom(很少，不常）很少，不常）,rarely（很少，罕有）（很少，罕有）,hardly,scarcely（几乎不，简直没有）（几乎不，简直没有）,nosooner（立即）（立即）,notonly,innoway（决不）（决不）,atnotime,few,not,no等,如:NotaworddidIsaytohim.NeverhaveIfoundhimsohappy.LittledoeshecareaboutwhatIsaid.Icantswim.Neithercanhe.Nosoonerhadhegonetobedthanhefellasleep.巩固练习:1)Hardly_theairportwhentheplanetookoff.A.Ihadarrivedat B.hadIarrivedC.hadIreachedD.Ihadgotto2)Haveyoueverseenanythinglikethatbefore?No,_anythinglikethatbefore.A.IneverhaveseenB.neverIhaveseenC.neverhaveIseenD.Ihaveseen3)Sheisnotfondofcooking,_I.A.soamB.noramC.neitherD.nordo2.only+状语放在句首状语放在句首,要部分倒装。要部分倒装。如如:Onlybythismeansisitpossibletoexplainit.(介词短语)OnlythendidIrealizetheimportanceofmath.(副词)Onlywhenthewarwasoverin1918washeabletogethappilybacktowork.(从句)4)Onlyinthisway_makeprogressinyourEnglish.A.youB.canyouC.youbeabletoD.willyouableto5)Onlywhenthemeetingwasover_gobacktomeethisfriend.A.hecouldB.hewasabletoC.washeabletoD.wasabletohe3.so或或so引导的短语放在句首引导的短语放在句首,要部分倒装。要部分倒装。如如:Isawthefilm,sodidshe.Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.6)ThedoctortoldCharlietobreathedeeplyand_.A.sodidCharlieB.CharliedidsoC.CharliedoessoD.didCharlieso7)Soloudly_that_hearherclearly.A.didshespeak;couldeveryoneB.didshespeak;everyonecouldC.shespoke;couldeveryoneD.shespoke;everyonecould4.Not only+分句分句,but also+分句分句句型中的句型中的前前一分句要部分倒装一分句要部分倒装。如如:NotonlydoesJohnloveChinese,heisalsogoodatspeakingit.但notonly.butalso.连接主语时,不倒装。如:Notonlythemotherbutalsothechildrenaresick.8)_himselfwrong,buthisfriendswerewrong.A.NotwasonlyheB.NotonlyheC.NotonlywasheD.Notonlywas5.Not until放在句首放在句首,从句不倒装从句不倒装,主句倒装主句倒装。如如:Notuntillastweekdidtheyfindthelostbike.(简单句)Notuntilmysonhadenteredtheuniversitydidherealizetheimportanceoftime.(复合句)9)Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury_knowwhatheatis.A.mandidB.manC.didntmanD.didman10)NotuntilIbegantowork_realizehowmuchtimeIhadwasted.A.didntIB.didIC.IdidntD.I6.在以在以often,well,many a time,now and again 等方式或频度副词等方式或频度副词(短语短语)开头的句子中开头的句子中,要用要用部分倒装结构。部分倒装结构。如如:ManyatimehasJohngivenmegoodadvice.Oftenhavewemadethattest.12)Manyatime_swimmingalone.A.theboywentB.wenttheboyC.didtheboygoD.didgotheboy7.用于某些表示祝愿的句子里 May you succeed!Long live the Peoples Republic of China!巧记倒装句巧记倒装句在在带带有有倒倒装装句句的的复复合合句句（或或并并列列句句）中中，到到底底应应在在何何处处倒倒装装，不不少少初初学学者者觉觉得得难难以以掌掌握握。下下面面的的顺顺口口溜溜可可以帮助你较容易地掌握其结构形式。以帮助你较容易地掌握其结构形式。NBNB前前倒倒后后不不，O O，NUNU主倒从不倒主倒从不倒，2N2N前前倒倒后后也也倒倒，NMNM前后均不倒前后均不倒。NB代表代表Not only，but also引导的并列句。引导的并列句。not only位于句首位于句首时，所引导的前面的分句倒装，后时，所引导的前面的分句倒装，后面的分句不倒装。故此称为面的分句不倒装。故此称为“前倒前倒后不倒后不倒”。如：。如：1）Not only did he come，but also he was very happy2）Not only was everything that he had taken away from him，but also his German citizenship（was taken away）O O代表代表onlyonly状语从句；状语从句；NUNU代表代表Not untilNot until状语从句。此两种结构位于句首时，倒装主句状语从句。此两种结构位于句首时，倒装主句而不倒装从句，即：而不倒装从句，即：“主倒从不倒主倒从不倒”。如：。如：1 1）Only when he told me did I know itOnly when he told me did I know it2 2）Not until I began to work did I Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wastedrealize how much time I had wastedNo soonerthanNo soonerthan，HardlyHardlyScarcelywhenScarcelywhen等句型也属此类用法。如：等句型也属此类用法。如：No soonerNo sooner（HardlyHardly）had we reached home had we reached home thanthan（whenwhen）it began to rainit began to rain2N2N代表代表NeithernorNeithernor所引导所引导的并列句。的并列句。2N2N若位于两分句之首，若位于两分句之首，则前后分句均倒装。即则前后分句均倒装。即“前倒后前倒后也倒也倒”。如：。如：Neither do I know her nameNeither do I know her name，nor does he.nor does he.NM即即No matter引导的状语从句。引导的状语从句。此时前面从句及后面主句均不倒装。此时前面从句及后面主句均不倒装。即即“前后均不倒前后均不倒”。如：。如：No matter how busy he is，he always comes to help us练习1.-“Look!Here _.”-“Oh,thank God.Here_.”A.the teacher comes;he comes B.comes the teacher;comes he C.does the teacher come;does he come D.comes the teacher;he comes2.We waited and waited._ we had been looking forward to.A.Then came the moment B.Then did the moment come C.The moment then came D.Then was coming the moment3._can you expect to get a pay rise.AWith hard work BAlthough work hard COnly with hard work DNow that he works hardDAC4.Only after _ to go to school.A.New China was founded;he was able B.was New China founded;was he able C.New China came into being;was he able D.New China founded;he was able 5.Little _ about his own safety,though he was in great danger himself.A.does he care B.did he care C.he cares D.he cared 6.Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was.A.did the villagers realize B.the villagers realized C.the villagers did realize D.didnt the villagers realize 7.No sooner _to the cinema _the film began.A.had he got,than B.he had got,when C.did he get,than D.had he got,whenCABA8.Not only _interested in football but _beginning to show an interest in it.A the teacher himself is;all his students are B.the teacher himself is;are all his students C.is the teacher himself;are all his students D.is the teacher himself;all his students are9.-Did you enjoy that trip?-Im afraid not.And _.A.my classmates dont either B.my classmates didnt,either C.neither did my classmates D.both B and C10.So difficult _ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.A.I did find B.did I find C.I have found D.have I foundDBDBye-bye!