中考阅读理解实战演练之社会文化-牛津英语-牛津英语.pdf

Section IV 社会文化篇Passage 32For most people,the word“fashion“means“clothes”.But people may ask the question,uWhatclothes are in fashion?”And they use the adjective（形容词）fashionable“in the same way:uShe waswearing a fashionable color.”But of course there are fashions in many things,not only in clothes.There are fashions in holidays,in restaurants,in films and books.There are even fashions in school subjects,jobs.and in languages.Fashions change as time goes.If you look at pictures of people or things from the past,you will seethat fashions have always changed.An English house of 1750 was different from his grandson in 1860.Today fashions change very quickly.Some of this is natural（自然的）.We hear about things muchmore quickly than in the past.Newspapers,radios,telephones and television send information from onecountry to another in a few hours.New fashions mean that people will buy new things,so you see there is money in fashion.I.From this passage we know that“fashion”means.A.clothes B.many things C.most of the popular things D.everything2.Which of the following things is fashionable today?A.Surfing on the Internet B.Having a family dinner on New Years DayC.Learning to sing songs on the radio D.Doing morning exercises at school.3.Today fashions change very quickly b e c a u s e.A.People read newspapers every day B.radios send information from one country to anotherC.new things that people like are often shown on TVD.people quickly learn what is happening in the world4.There is money in fash ion.n means.A.clothes are expensive B.money comes from fashionC.people like new things D.there are no fashions without moneyPassage 33First Frenchman:I once heard someone shout,Look out,I put my head out of a window and abasin（盆）of water fell on me.It seems that Look out may mean don,t look out.Second Frenchman:Once I was on a ship and heard the captain（船长）shout,All hands on deck,Iput my hands on the deck and someone walked on them.Third Frenchman:I once visited an English friend early in the morning and the maid who came to thedoor and said,Hes not up yet.Come back in half an hour,When I went again for him,she said,Helsnot down yet.If hes not up and hes not down,where is he?I asked.She said,Hes still in bed.When I say Hes not up I mean*he has not yet got up.When I say Hesnot down*I mean*he has not yet come downstairs/1 .Look out here means A.put your head out of the window and look B.Take careC.Tm going to pour the water D.Help me2.All hands on deck*means A.AII the sailors gather（集 合）on deck B.Give your hands to meC.Put your right hand and left hand on deck D.Shake your hands with me3.When the maid said,Hes not up yet.She meant that.A.he has not grown up yet B.he has not yet got upC.he has not woke up yet D.he has not yet come upstairs4.When the third Frenchman went back,the English f r i end.A.was washing his face B.was having his breakfastC.was still in an upstairs room D.was reading a newspaper5.Which do you think is the best title for this article?A.Three Frenchmen and their English Friends B.The English LanguageC.Three French Stories D.What a Language!Passage 34Newspapers are very important in our daily life.Many people begin their day by reading the paper.Inthis way they learn what is going on in the world.Sometimes,however,they didnt have the time to readthe news carefully and must be pleased with a quick look at the front page.At other times they may be insuch a hurry that they have time only to have a quick look at the headlines（标题）.There are newspapers to please every reader.In big cities there are many types with severaldifferent editions every day.In some towns there are fewer newspapers and perhaps only one editioneach day.In some places the paper is printed weekly.Most papers have several editions,especially on Sundays when the edition is larger than usual.There are besides the front page with the most important news,the sports news,the amusement（娱乐）page,a business page and so on.1.People read newspaper to.A.learn about the most important news B.be pleasedC.get some information D.learn about whatever they want2.Reading the headlines,people can know.A.what the passages are about B.what is going onC.about the most important news D.about sports3.In big cities newspapers are usually pr i nt ed.A.daily B.weekly C.monthly D.yearly4.Most papers have on Sundays than usual.A.more types B.more pages C.less types D.less pages5.If you want to see a film,youd better read in a newspaper.A.the business page B.the front pageC.the sports page D.the amusement pagePassage 35This dictionary tells you about English words and how to use them in reading,writing and speakingEnglish.It not only gives the meaning of words,it can also help you with spelling,word building,grammarand pronunciation.To use your dictionary correctly,you need to understand how the dictionary works.At the front of thebook,you will find some exercises to help you make the most use of your dictionary.If you look up the word“colour*,you will find two spellings for this word.Colour*is used in BritishEnglish,while“colors used in American English.When such a thing happens,the dictionary shows itwith the word“BrE”for British English and uAmEH for American English.The dictionary also helps you pronounce words correctly.It uses a special alphabet（特殊字母表）toshow pronunciation.If you turn to the inside back face,you will see all the phonetic letters（音标）withsome words to show you how they are pronounced.Just have a look this page when youYe not sure howto say a word.The most important reason for using a dictionary is to find out the meaning of a worditsDEFINITION.In this dictionary,the definitions have been written using only 2000 words.This means that thedefinitions of even the most difficult words are simply explained（简单解释）and easy to understand.When a word has more than one meaning,read all the meanings until you find the one that correctlytells the use of the word you are looking for.Most of the words in this dictionary can be used by people in all parts of the world.I.This dictionary cannot help you wi t h.A.singing B.grammar C.spelling D.pronunciation2._ of the words in the dictionary have two spellings.A.All B.One C.Few D.Some3.The AmE spelling of the Chinese word 颜色in this dictionary is.A.colour B.collar C.color D.corner4.The phonetic alphabet helps you each word correctly.A.understand B.write C.say D.know5.The Chinese meaning of“definition”here is.A.词 性B.词 条C.词 义D.词库6.How many words are there in this d i c t i o n a r y?.A.Two thousand B.One thousand C.One hundred D.We don*t know7.The dictionary e x p l a i n s.A.some of the difficult words B.all the words in a simple wayC.all the easy words D.the words of two meaningsPassage 36The Winter Olympics is also called the White Olympics.At this time,many colorful stamps arepublished（发行）to mark（标志）the great Games.The first stamps marking the opening came out onJanuary 25,1932 in the United States for the 3rd White Olympics.From then on,publishing stampsduring the White Olympics became a rule（规定）.During the 4th Winter Olympic Games a group of stamps were published in Germany in November1936.The five rings of Olympics were drawn on the front of the sportswear.It was the first time that therings appeared on the stamps of the White Olympics.In the 1950,s,the stamps of this kind became more colorful.When the White Olympics came,thehost countries（东道主）as well as the non-host countries published stamps to mark those Games.Chinaalso published four stamps in February 1980,when the Chinese sportsmen began to take part in theWhite Olympics.Japan is the only Asian country that has ever held the White Olympics.Altogether 14,500 millionstamps were sold to collect money for this sports meeting.Different kinds of sports were drawn on these small stamps.People can enjoy the beauty of thewonderful movements of some sportsmen.I.The White Olympics and the Winter Ol y mp i c s.A.are the same thing B.are different gamesC.are not held in winter D.are held in summer2.The world made it a rule to publish stamps to mark the great world Ga me s.A.after the year 1936 B.after the 3rd Winter OlympicsC.before the 3rd White Olympics D.before the year 19323,The Winter Olympics is held once.A.every two years B.every three years C.every four years D.every five years4.Which of the following is true?A.Only the host countries can publish stamps to mark those Games.B.Only the non-host countries can publish stamps to mark those Games.C.AII the countries can publish stamps to mark those Games.D.Japan can*t publish stamps to mark those Games.5.What may appear on the stamps of the White Olympics?A.Basketball.B.Table tennis.C.Football.D.Skating.Passage 37In 1998,World Cup Football Match held in France took up a new rule.Instead of the usual black andwhite ball,a colorful ball was used in the game.The new ball was made up of 32 pieces of three colors:red,blue and white.Interestingly enough,the French national flag happened to be in three colors,too.Besides,32 teams took part in the coming World Cup.But early football was made up of eight pieces ofleather.As time went by,more pieces of leather were used,from 12 pieces to 18 to 26 and then to 32now.About three million such new footballs were made.And then some players were playing the new ballin their training.The makers have warned the goalkeeper that the new ball flies in a direct line at a fastspeed.After trying the ball for some time,a footballer said that the ball was quite different from thetraditional（传统的）black and white one,and that the goalkeeper would find it harder to catch them.Another footballer said that there would be more goals.Tor the player on the ground,the new ball iseasier to control as it flies.A good player can shoot in more goals,he said.1 .What was the new rule in the 1998 World Cup Football Match?A.The new ball made up of 32 pieces of three colors was used.B.The flags of the teams were in three colors.C.Only 32 teams took part in the game.D.The white and black football was used instead.2.What is the color of the French national flag?A.BIack and white.B.Red and black.C.Blue,red and white D.Black,white and red.3.Which of the following sentences is not true?A.Early footballs were made up of eight pieces of leather in two colors.B.Eighteen pieces of leather were once used to make a football.C.Footballers often used the black and white balls in the past.D.The football made up of twelve pieces of leather was just used by twelve teams.4.It is not easy for the goalkeepers to catch the new footballs,b e c a u s e.A.they are not as big as the old ones B.they fly at a fast speedC.they are made up of more pieces of leather than the old onesD.the goalkeepers haven*t tried the new football5.Whats the best title for this passage?A.Football of New Kind B.98 World Cup Football MatchC.Goalkeepers and Players D.Three-color Flag of FrancePassage 38Most people have flown kites or have seen one or ride and dip in a strong spring wind.Not so manypeople know that kites were first made in China thousands of years ago.The ancient（古代的）Chinesewere making and flying kites even before they were writing.A long time ago,the Chinese made kites to use in wars.They would fly these war kites in the dark.The kites were fixed so that they made strange sounds.Men who were at war with them would hearthese sounds and run away.The thought those sounds were made by gods in the sky.The ancient Chinese also flew kites to bring good luck and to make their crops grow rich and tall.Sometimes they tied long strings（绳子）and hooks（钩）to their kites.Then they would fly the kites overwater,letting the hooks hang down to catch fish.The Chinese use sticks,strings and paper for their kites.Some of these kites look like animals ortrees.Others look like birds or houses.I.The main idea of the first paragraph is t hat.A.kites were first made in China B.most of us have flown or seen oneC.the ancient Chinese were making kites before they were writingD.the ancient Chinese were good at making kites2.In ancient China kites could be used for.A.catching fish B.helping people fly C.watering the crops D.helping people walk in the dark3.The ancient Chinese used kites in wars because the ki t es.A.could bring good luck B.looked like animals C.could help them win a war D.could fly high4.The Chinese usually use for their kites.A.sticks,strings and grass B.strings,hair and woodC.paper,strings and sticks D.paper,ropes and hooks5.What is the best title of this passage?A.Lucky Kites B.Strange Kites C.Beautiful Kites D.Chinese KitesPassage 39Shanghai:Car rentals（出租）are becoming more and more popular as an inexpensive way of takingto roads.Business people,foreign and families alike are making good use of the growing industry（工业）.The first car rental company opened in Shanghai in 1992 and now 12 car rental players are in thegame,with more than 11,500 cars in their books.The largest player-Shanghai Basher Tourism Car Rental Center offers a wide variety ofchoicesdeluxe sedans,minivans,station wagons,coaches.Santana sedans are the big favorite.Companies can attract（i收弓I）enough customers。肖费者）for 70 percent of their cars every month.This figure（数字）shoots up during holiday seasons like National Day,Labor Day and New Years Day,with some recording 100%rental.The main market force rests in the growing population of white-collar employees（白领雇员）,whocan afford the new service,said Zhuang Yu,marketing manager of Shanghai Angel Car Rental Co.I.The words“deluxe sedans,”“minivans”and“station wagons*used in the text refer to（指）.A.cars in the making B.car rental firms C.cars for rent D.car makers2.Which of the following statements is true according to the text?A.70%of the cars can be rented out on holiday.B.70%of the customers are white-collar employees.C.More firms are open for service during holiday seasons.D.Some firms rent out all their cars during holiday seasons.3.Shanghais car rental industry is growing so fast mainly due to.A.better cars supplied by producers B.fast service offered by car rental firmsC.the increasing number of white-collar employeesD.peoples growing interest in traveling during holidaysPassage 40The cost of medical care in the United States is very high.More time and money that doctors spendon their medical education is probably one reason for this problem.A visit to a doctors office costs from 15 to 50 dollars.It is almost impossible for people to pay for themedical care they need.Many people in the United States think that doctors are overpaid.Most doctors,however,disagree.They say that they were required（要求）to study medicine for a long time.Tuition formany years of medical education costs a lot of money.Doctors say that it is necessary for most medicalstudents to borrow money from bank to pay their tuition.Because their money must be repaid to the bank,young doctors need to receive a lot of money for their work.So,they charge（收费）people high prices formedical care.Therefore,it is possible that the high cost of medical care in America is unnecessary,because hightuition is