2023届高考英语重点词汇汇总讲义（共五组）.docx

高考英语重点词汇（一）【易写错词汇】aboardprep. & adv.在（船、飞机、车） 上abroadacademicaccessn.通路，通道，机会 accommodationaccountn.账户，描述v.解释，占比 acknowledgevt.承认，感谢，理会 addressamateur【易错词汇变形】 absent f n. absence accurate n.accuracyact n. activity活动 adapt n. adaptation admire n. admiration admit n.admissionagriculture adj. agricultural anxious n.anxiety approve n. approvalapply n. application申请 apply n. applicant申请人 appoint n. appointment appreciate n. appreciation【熟词僻义】1. about （熟义关于）prep. &adv.生义到处=（美）around到处We spent the whole afternoon walking 去。be about to do 正要做某事angleanniversveyapologyn.道歉，歉意applaudvi.鼓掌vt.称赞，赞许assistantn.助手，助理astronautathleteattendvt.出席，参加，照料availableadj.可利用的，有空的awkwardadj.笨拙的，尴尬的，不方便的architect n. architecture建筑学，建 筑风格argue n.argumentarrange n. arraageaentarrive n.arrivalassist n. assistant助手assist n. assistance帮助assume n. assumptionassociate n. associationathlete adj. athletic运动的，健壮的attract n. attractionattract adj. attractive有吸引力的aware n. awarenessabout town.我们整个下午就在城里到处逛来逛2. accommodate熟义住宿，留宿生义容纳；提供This hotel can accommodate more than 5oo guests, vt 容纳He accommodated me when I asked him for help, v为提供住处3. act熟义行动）生义vi.起作用_It takes a couple of minutes for the drug to act.只需几分钟，药物就起作用了。熟义横过；越过consider n.consideration adj. considerate体贴的 consult n. consultant顾问 consume n.consumption contain n. container容器 conduct n. conductor指挥，导体，售票 员 convenient n.convenience adj. inconvenient不方便的 criterion pl.criteria crowd adj. crowded contribute n.contribution cruel n.cruelty 【熟词僻义】.1 . change （ 熟义变化） 生义n.零钱，找头 Have you got change for a five-pound note?correct n.correctioncourage v. cocouge 鼓励culture adj. culturalcurious n.curiositycustom adj, occoustomed 习惯的 construct n.construction create c. creation 仓造,仓ll建 n. creature 生物n. creativity 创造力adj. creative 有创造力的 complain plaint curriculum pl.curricula cycle n. cyclist 骑自行车的人你有没有5英镑的零钱?熟义首都，首都的生义资本；资金；资方；The Smith Company has a capital of $ 30. 000.史密斯公司有 3 万美元的资本。大写字母；大写的 capital letters 大写字母 Write your name in capitals.熟义收费，索价(vt)生义费用(n)指控(v/n) He was charged with stealing a car. (charge sb. with sth ; 类彳以 accuse sb. of sth)猛冲；攻击；The boy charged into the room.男孩冲进屋里。Suddenly the wild animal charged at us.突然那头野兽朝我们冲过来。Charge the enemy向敌人发起冲锋充电、装(满)， 装料 My cellphone is fully charged, charge a gun with powder 用 火药填满炮熟义硬币生义(1)造币；铸币The government has decided to coin more one-yuan pieces. coin gold.铸造金币 (2)杜撰设计(新单词或短语)Do not coin terms that are intelligible to nobody.不要生造谁也不懂的词语。(3) coin (adj.)投币式的(操作需要一块或多块金属币的)；自助式的a coin washing machine.投币洗衣机*熟义收集生义(1)收(租，税，帐等)；募捐collect the electricity fee 收取电费/ collect taxes.收税 collect (raise) money 募 集资金(2)领取(信件等)；接走(人,物)Today it is his turn to collect the childrenfrom school in the community.今天该轮到他把孩子们从社区学校接回去。(3)使镇静；集中(思想等)The old lady tried to collect her thoughts but she was too excited. 老太太力图镇定下来，但是太激动了。"Before you begin to make a speech, you should collect your thoughts and ideas.在你开始讲话之前，你应当集中你的思想和意念。collect one's emotions .镇定情绪collect oneself心平气和，平心静气，镇定一下熟义公司，生义陪伴.伴侣He kept me company.他陪伴我in the company of在陪同下I had no company on the journey.我在旅行中没有同伴。熟义角落，(街道)拐角处，生义把难住；使走投无路一The dog cornered the rat.狗把老鼠逼到一个角落。熟义数数，计算(count down倒计时)生义(1)依靠，依赖(on) You can count on my help.你可以依赖我的帮助(2)认为；视为；count it an honor (to do sth.)(把做某事)引以为荣(3)有价值；重要；有用Every second counts.每一秒钟都很重要。You really count with me.对我来说你确实很重要熟义盖子，封面；覆盖生义(1)占(时间或空间) The town covers 5 square miles.小镇占地5平方英里。(2)走完(一段路程)I want to cover 100 miles by dark.我想在天黑之前走完100 英里_采访(事件)cover a fire for a newspaper 为报纸采访失火的新闻(3) 够付(费用)足以抵补cover the loss弥补损失These expenses are covered by the state.这些费用都由国家负担。(4) 包括； 包含； 论及 The review covered everything we learned last term.这次 复习包括上学期我们所学的全部课程。(5) .看完(多少页书)cover fifty pages in 15 minutes熟义疯狂的；精神错乱的；生义着迷的；狂热的 _She's crazy about dancing.她热衷于跳舞。be crazy about/over热衷于，醉心于；爱上，迷恋着补充：like crazy mad发疯似地；拼命地；猛烈地They were running around like crazy.他们拚命地跑着.11 . cause (熟义n.起因，v.引起)生义n.事业The UN has done a lot for the cause of world peace.联合国为世界和平事业做了许多 贡献。12 .chance (熟义机会)生义n.可能性There is a chance that I will see him.heck熟义vt .检查生义vt.阻止，制止，克制We should check the spread of the disease.14 .class熟义n.班级生义n.阶级，阶层，等级Lower class 下层社会 upper class 上层社会 working class 工人阶级15 .climate熟义n.气候生义n.风气；思潮；倾向The cultural climate here is somehow a little upsetting.16 .cloudy熟义adj.阴天的，多云的生义adj.不明朗的，不清晰的Who did it still remains cloudy.17 .contain熟义v.含有，包含；克制生义vt ,抑制He is too excited to contain his laughter.（熟义能）隆义n.罐头vt.做成罐头Mother cans fruit.19 .course （熟义过程）生义n.课程；航线；一道菜I' d like to take a refresher course to improve my driving.我想参加补习训练以提高自己的驾驶技个。The plane was off the course.飞机偏离航向。They were treated with a five-course dinner for lunch.招待他们五道菜的正餐 20.cross熟义v.跨越，横穿n.十字生义adj.生气的Don't be cross with himafter all, he meant to help.21 . cut熟义vt砍,割,切生义vt.伤感情，插嘴His rude remarks cut me.22 .case熟义n.情况，状况生义n.病例，案例There are three cases of fever in school.23 .casual熟义adj.偶然的，随意的生义adj.临时的He was employed as a casual labourer.24 . cater熟义V.为社交活动提供饮食；承办酒席生义V.满足需要，迎合TV must cater for many different tastes.25 .challenge熟义v.挑战生义V.对质疑I challenged the view26 .conduct熟义v.实施，指挥，做conduct an experiment做实验生义v举止, 表现 He conducted himself far better than expected.27 .consume熟义vt.消耗,消费生义Vt .彻底烧毁，毁灭.ComThe fire soon consumed the old wooden buildings in the neighbourhood.28 . carry （熟义搬运，携带）生义v.持有，带有；刊登Today, s newspapers carry full reports of the president? s visit.29 . catch （熟义抓）生义v.明白；领会Sorry, I didn' t quite catch what you said.对不起，我没听清你的话。30 .claim （熟义v.声称，主张）生义v.索要，夺去生命，吸引（关注）If you are still not satisfied, you may be able to claim compensation.要求赔偿 The earthquake has so far claimed over 3,000 lives.31 . counter （n.柜台，计算器）生义v.反驳，反对，制止“I could ask the same thing of you” , she countered.四、常考词组（20,）1 call on sb 顺便拜访sbcall at sp 顺便拜访spcatch sb' s eye 吸弓I sb 的目光catch up with 赶上be caught in the rain 被雨淋2 the cause of sth 的起因cause sb to do弓I 起 sb 做 sth3 miss/ have/ get a chance to dosth 错过/有/得到机会去做 sth4 change from A to B 从 a 到 b 的转变5 clear A from B 把 A 从 B 清除clear up天气放晴/澄清clear sb' s throat 清清嗓子6 the clue to/about sth sth 的线索7 under sb' s command 在 sb 的命令下have a good command of精通，掌握command sb to do命令 sb 去做8 commit oneself to （doing） sth 致力于9 have sth incommon 有共同之处10 be conscious of/ that 意识至U11 consider doing考虑做 sthconsider sb as/ （to be） 认为 sb 是12 take sth into consideration 把 sth 加以考虑13 consist of 由组成14 on the contrary 相反be contrary to 和相反15 cope with对付/处理16 at the cost of 以的代价17 count on 依靠18 cross talk 相声19 at the crossroads 在十字路口20 be crowded with 挤满了21 current events 时事22 cure sb of sth 治愈 sb 的 sth23 be curious about sth 对 sth 好奇be curious to do 好奇去做 sth24 strike/touch a chord with sb 引起某人共鸣，触动某人心弦25 go to thecinema 去看电影go to themovie26 concentrate on 集中注意力与【常见难词（大纲麻+超纲词汇）】（34,）cease v.终止；停止cargo n.船货,货物capable adj.有能力的；能胜任的cater vi.迎合，投合，备办食物，满足 （需要）capture vt.捕获，俘获； 夺得cellar n.地窑，地下室chest n.胸腔，胸膛；箱子 clumsy adj.笨拙的，笨重的 claw n.爪、脚爪，螯 cliff n.悬崖，峭壁collapse vi.倒坍；崩溃，瓦解complex adj,复合的，复杂的 compromise n. &v.妥协'compulsory adj.义务的，强制的 concrete adj.具体的，凝固的 concise adj.简明的；言简意赅的 condemn vt.谴责、指责； 判刑 condense vt.压缩，使缩短 confess vt.供认，承认；坦白 conflict n.&v.矛盾，冲突 confirm v.证实，证明conservative adj.保守的，保守党 consistent cdj.贯的， 致的 constant adj.持续的，始终如一的 considerable a.相当大的；重要的 considerate a.考虑周到的； 体谅的 contemporary adj.同时期的，当前的 continent adj.大陆 contradict v.驳斥，反驳 controversial adj.有争议的：争论的 conventional adj,传统的，常规的 contempt n.轻蔑；藐视；受辱 coreadj. &n.核心的；果核，核心cord n.细绳，粗线，索 correspond v与一致 cosy/cozy adj.舒适的cottoncorridor n.走廊,回廊，通路 cupboard n.食橱，碗柜customs n.海关，关税censor vt.检查,审查,删改 cereal n.谷类，谷类食品 chatter vi. &n.喋喋不休 chill vt.使变冷 vi.感到寒冷；冷淬chorus n.合唱，合唱队，齐声circus n.马戏；马戏团citeclash v.冲突，撞击climax n.（兴趣的）顶点cling vi.粘住；依附；坚持video clip v.短片，视频片段cluster n.串，束，群，v.成群，成串collide v.碰撞，冲突coincide v.同时发生，与.观点一致combat v.跟.斗争commonplace a.常见的 n.平常事,常见 的事物commonsense adj.具有常识的compact adj.结实的，简洁的n.合同, 协议【不规则动词变化】cast cast castcatch caught caughtchoose chose chosenclap clapped clappedcomply vi.顺从,答应compose v.构成，作曲conceit n.自负，自大confidential adj.秘密的，机密的console vt.安慰,藉慰context n.（文章的）上下文;（事物等发生 的）来龙去脉convention n.大会，协定，惯例courteous a.有礼貌的，谦恭的council n.理事会，委员会cursive a.草书的，连笔的crooked a.弯的，歪的；畸形的crawlvi.爬，爬行creep vi.爬行；缓慢地行进crowcome came comecommit committed committedcost cost costcut cut cut（四）【易写错词汇】decadedeliciousa.可口的，美味的desertv.抛弃，遗弃，废弃 dessertdetaildiamonddictionaryn.字典，词典【易错词汇变形】danger adj. dangerousdark n.darknessdatum pl.data deaf v.deafendeafen adj. deafening震耳欲聋的 decide n. decision deep n.depth v. deependefend n.defence/defenscdelight a. delighted感到愉快的a. delightful令人愉快的depart n. departure离开，启程 depend a. dependent依赖的，依靠的 a. independent独立的n. dependence依靠 describe n.descriptiondisadvantagen.不利条件，损害 diseasedoubt dustbin dawn dynasty determine n. determination a. determined detail a. detailed develop n.development devote n.devotion a. devoted投入 的doubt a. doubtful不确定的，有疑问的 depress a. depressed感到沮丧的 a. depressing令人沮丧的 n. depression抑郁，萧条 differ n.difference adj. different die n.death adj.deaddifficult n.difficulty direct n.directionn. director导演，主任disabled n. disabilitydisappoint a. disappointed失望的， 沮 丧的a. disappointing令人失望的disagree n.disagreementdiscover n.discoverydiscuss n.discussiondisturb adj. disturbed不安的，烦 恼的divide n.divisiondisadvantage a. disadvantageous不 利的diverse n.diversitydrama a. dramatic突然的，戏剧的dramatic adv, dramaticallydistant n.distance【常考词组11 do damage to对sth造成伤害 damage sb' s health 伤害身体2 dance to the music 随音乐跳舞3 in danger (of)处于sth的危险中4 be dangerous to 对 sth 有危险5 in the (pitch) dark 在漆黑一片中6 date back to 追溯到7 at dawn在黎明时8 the other day 过去的某一天to this day 至今9 in broad daylight 在光天化日下10 in/ during the daytime 在白天11 be shot/ found dead 被杀死12 meet/ miss a deadline 在截止日期前/错过截止日期13 turn a deaf ear (to sth) 对 sth 充耳不闻be deaf to sthfall on deaf ears14 deal with对付/处理15 a good/ great deal of 大量/许多make/ do a deal 定协议/成交16 death rate 死亡率death sentence 死开lj17 heated/ fierce/ intense debate 激烈的辩论18 in debt ( to sb)欠 sb19 tooth decay 蛀牙20 deceive sb into doing 欺骗 sb 去做 sthdeceive sb about sth 欺骗 sb sth21 decide to do决定去做 sthdecide on/ upon sth 决定 sth22 make/ reach/ come to a decision 做出决定23 declare war (on sb/sth) 对 sb/sth 宣战24 rapid/ sharp/ dramatic decline 急居U下降in decline在下降中decline an invitation 谢绝邀请25 decorate sth with sth 用 sth 来装饰 sth26 good deeds 好事27 defend sth against/ for sth 保卫 sth 免受 sth 的伤害28 defineas 把sth定义为29 to a/ some degree在某种程度上30 delay doing延误做 sthwithout delay毫无耽搁31 delight sb with sth 用 sth 来使 sb 高兴 take delight in(doing) sth 以 sth 为乐tosb' s delight 使sb高兴的是32 deliver sth to sb 把 sth 传递给 sbdeliver a speech/ lecture 发表演说33 the demand forsth 对于 sth 的需求in demand有需求demand to do要求去做demand sth of sb 向 sb 要求 sth34 a demanding job 高要求的工作35 deny doingsth 否认做 sthThere? s no denying that 不能否认的是36 department store 百货店37 depend on/ uponsb for sth 依靠 sb 得到 sth depend on/ upon sb to do sth 依靠 sb 去做 sth38 be dependent on/ upon sb39 describe sb as 把 sb 形容为describe sb/ sth to sb 向 sb 形容 sthdescribe doing sth 形容做 sth40 give a description of sth 形容 sthbeyond description 难以形容41 deserve to do值得/应该去做deserve sth 应该得到 sthdeserve doing = deserve to be done 应该被做42 be designed for 为 sth 而设计43 desire to do 渴望去做 sthdesire for sth对于sth的渴望burning desire 强烈的欲望44 in despair 处于绝望中45 be desperate for急于得至U sthbe desperate to do急于去做 sth46 holiday/ tourist destination 度假胜地47 destroy sb' s hope/ confidence 破坏 sb 的希望/信心48 weapons of mass destruction 大规模杀伤性武器 environmental destruction 环境破坏49 in detail 详细地50 a detective story 侦探故事51 be determined to do下定决心去做determine to do52 professional development 专业发展53 devoteto 把 sth 贡献于54 look up a new word in the dictionary 查字典55 die of/ from 死于die a natural death 自然死亡be dying to do/ for 急于去做sth/急于得到sth56 go/ be on a diet 节食57 differ fromin在 sth 方,面不同于 sth58 small difference 微小的差异 make a difference 造成不同/差异59 be different from不同于60 have difficulty/ trouble (in) doing 做 sth 有困难 in difficulty 处于困境61 with dignity 有尊严的62 in the direction of 朝的方面/方向in the opposite direction 朝相反的方向63 to sb' s disappointment 使 sb 失望的是64 disapprove of sth 不同意 sth65 natural disaster 自然灾害66 discourage sb fromdoing 使 sb 灰心丧气不去做 sth67 discuss sth with sb 和 sb 谈论 sth68 under discussion 在讨论中69 suffer from a disease 患病70 dismiss sb from sth 从 sth 职位开除 sb dismiss sb for sth 因为 sth 而开除 sb71 mental disorder 精神错乱in disorder没有秩序72 on display在展示中73 in the distance 在远处at some/ a distance 在一定的距离 within walking distance 在步行距离内74 divideinto 把 sth 分成75 have something/ nothing to do with 和 sth 有关/无关 do with处理76 domestic animals 家畜77 donate sth to sb 把 sth 捐赠给 sb78 No doubt毫无疑问There is no doubt that without doubt79 be down with 由于 sth 而病倒了80 by the dozen 以打3 dozen 三打 dozens of好儿打six of one and half a dozen of another 半斤八两81 realize a dream 实现梦想A dream came true.dream of梦想着82 dress sb in sth 使 sb 穿 sth be dressed in 穿着 dress up 盛装83 drop in on sb顺便拜访某人drop in at sp顺便拜访某地drop by顺便拜访84 due to 由于做sth是sb的责任做sth是sb的责任85 at dusk 在黄昏时 86 a sense of duty 责任感 It' s sb' s duty to do 87 the Qing Dynasty 清朝【常见难词（大纲词汇+超纲词汇）】 dash v.使猛撞；溅 n.猛冲 dazzle v.（使）眼花， 眩耀;n.耀眼 default n. & v.拖欠,违约 deflect v.偏离，转向 deform vt.损坏的形状 delegate n.代表 descendant n.后代，后裔 distinction n.区另U，杰出，独特 distribute v.分发，分送 deposit v.&n.存入；定金，存款 deadly a.致命的，死一般的 decay vi.腐烂；衰败n.腐烂 deceive vt.欺骗,蒙蔽，行骗 defect n.缺点，缺陷，欠缺 democracy n.民主，民主制 democratic a.民主的，民主政体的 demonstrate vt.说明； 论证； 表露 descend vi.下来，下降；下倾 despair n.绝望 vi.绝望 despise vt.鄙视，蔑视 destruction n.破坏，毁灭，消灭 device n.器械，装置；设计 dew n.露，露水 dialect n.方言，土语，地方话 diagnose vi.诊断,分析原因【不规则动词变化】 deal dealt dealt die died died die dying现在分词 dig dug dug dip dipped dipped dive dived/dove dived【常见难词（大纲词汇+超纲词汇）】 dash v.使猛撞；溅 n.猛冲 dazzle v.（使）眼花， 眩耀;n.耀眼 default n. & v.拖欠,违约 deflect v.偏离，转向 deform vt.损坏的形状 delegate n.代表 descendant n.后代，后裔 distinction n.区另U，杰出，独特 distribute v.分发，分送 deposit v.&n.存入；定金，存款 deadly a.致命的，死一般的 decay vi.腐烂；衰败n.腐烂 deceive vt.欺骗,蒙蔽，行骗 defect n.缺点，缺陷，欠缺 democracy n.民主，民主制 democratic a.民主的，民主政体的 demonstrate vt.说明； 论证； 表露 descend vi.下来，下降；下倾 despair n.绝望 vi.绝望 despise vt.鄙视，蔑视 destruction n.破坏，毁灭，消灭 device n.器械，装置；设计 dew n.露，