2022-2023学年江苏省南通市通州区高一上学期期末考试英语试题 （解析版）.docx

20222023学年（上）高一期末质量监测英语注意事项考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求1.本试卷共10页，包含听力（共30分）、阅读（共50分）、语言运用（共30分）、写作（共40 分）四部分。本次考试满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。2 .答题前，请您务必将自己的姓名、考试号等用书写黑色0.5毫米签字笔填写在答题卡 上。3 .请认真核对答题卡表头规定填写或填涂的项目是否准确。4 .作答非选择题必须用书写黑色字迹的0.5毫米签字笔写在答题卡上的指定位置，在其它 位置作答一律无效。作答选择题必须用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如 需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每题1.5分，满分75分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅 读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What does the woman need to buy?A. A sofa. B. A carpet. C. A refrigerator.2. What does the woman suggest the man do?A. Buy some cakes. B. Have some water. C. Drink some tea.3. How will the man help out?A. He will sweep the floor.B. He will clean the windows.C. He will take out the garbage.4. How does the chicken soup taste now?A. Salty. B. Sweet. C. Sour.5. How much does the man still need to make for his trip? 主旨大意题。根据第一段 “ Recently, more than 100 Asian elephants made their way across The Mall in front of London's Buckingham Palace. However, they weren't live animals. These lifesized elephant sculptures were handmade by native community members from the jungles of Tamil Nadu in South lndia.（最近，1（X）多只亚洲象 穿过伦敦白金汉宫前的林荫大道。然而，它们并不是活的动物。这些真人大小的大象雕塑是由印度南部泰 米尔纳德邦从林的土著社区成员手工制作的。）”以及通读文章可知，文章讲述的是100多只亚洲手工大象 雕塑穿过伦敦白金汉宫前的林荫大道，警示着人们人与自然是可以和谐共处的。B选项“Lifesized elephant sculptures in London（伦敦真象大小的大象雕塑）”概括全文。故选B“DHow good arc you at maths? Some people love the challenge of algebra （代数）or enjoy working out number puzzles. Maths is all around us, from working out how to share （he bill after a meal, to calculating your family bills. But many are afraid of the moment when they have to deal with numbers and figures and feel a real sense of worry and confiision. It can seem frightening, but this maths anxiety is perfectly normal, and you're definitely not alone. And anyway, our worries and fears don't necessarily reflect our ability.The problem really starts in childhood, at school. Research has found that maths teachers who are nervous about teaching the subject can pass on their anxiety to the pupils, and girls may be more likely to be affected. The Programme for International Student Assessment found around 31% of 15 and 16 year - olds across 34 countries said they got very nervous doing maths problems, 33% said they got tense doing maths homework, and nearly 60% said they worried that maths classes would be difficult. Shulamit Kahn, a professor from Boston University, believes that giving students, particularly girls, good role models is critical, especially at a young age. She thinks the key is to get people, especially women who love maths, to teach younger children.Writing for the BBC, David Robson says, "It's not clear why maths causes so much fear compared to geography. But the fact that there's no room fbr playing tricks might make you more worried about underperfbnning.M And once we assume that we5re not a maths person, we avoid solving things that we probably could do.Psychologists have been trying to work out why mental arithmetic （心算）can bring us out in a sweat. That seed of fear may come from many sources, but some suggest that voicing your fears can loosen their control over you. They also suggest encouraging children to see a maths test as a challenge, not a threat. Most importantly, we need to think positively about maths and give it a second chance.12. What is the author's understanding of maths anxiety in paragraph I?A. Il happens when you have lo pay bills after a meal.B. It actually reflects one's poor performance in maths.C. Only students often suffer from this sense of worry.D. People normally have it when dealing with numbers13. What may cause students, maths anxiety according to （he research?A. The particular feature of maths.B. The fear of failure in maths tests.C. Students' dislike of learning maths.D. Maths teachers' lack of confidence.14. What can wc infer from David Robson's words?A. Geography seldom causes worry.B. Slow students have maths anxiety.C. Dishonesty is difficult in maths tests.D. Maths students like number puzzles.15. What is the best way to get over maths anxiety?A. Speaking out your fears in public.B. Employing female maths teachers.C. Having a positive attitude to maths.D. Viewing maths tests as a challenge.【答案】12.D13. D 14. C 15. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍很多人都会有数学焦虑，文章说明了产生数学焦虑的原因以及如何克服 数学焦虑。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的"But many arc afraid of the moment when they have to deal with numbers and figures and feel a real sense of worry and confusion. It can seem frightening, but this maths anxiety is perfectly normal, and youe definitely not alone.w（但许多人害怕面对数字，感到真正的担忧和困惑。数学焦虑看起 来很可怕，但其实是非常常见的现象，你绝对不是一个人。）可知，数学焦虑是很常见的，人们在和数字 打交道时通常会有这种感觉。故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的 “Research has found that maths teachers who are nervous about teaching the subject can pass on their anxiety to the pupils, and girls may be more likely to be affected. ” （研究发现，如果数学老师 在教这门科目的时候感到焦虑，那么这种焦虑感是会带给小学生的，而且女孩更可能会受到这种影响。） 可知，这项研究发现，老师教数学时感到焦虑，即缺乏教数学的自信，就会让学生也对学数学产生焦虑。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中 David Robson 所说的 “ But the fact that there's no room for playing tricks might make you more worried about underperforming."（但没有机会让你耍花招会让你更加担心考试考得不如 意。），没有机会耍花招，说明学生在数学考试时比较难作弊。故选C项。【15题详解】细节理解题。最后一段介绍了克服数学焦虑的几种方法，其中由最后一段的最后一句"Most importantly, we need to think positively about maths and give it a second chance. 0 （最重要的是，我们需要积极看待数学， 再给数学一次机会。）可知，克服数学焦虑最重要的是对数学的态度要积极向上。故选C项。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分125分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。Many teens in high school want to try out for sports because they think it will make them popular. 16 Here are some reasons that you'll find comforting.With electronic products becoming more popular, it has become much easier for teens to be by themselves. Kids used to hang out around the town; now they just sit at home. 17 In this case, theyll learn how to interact and work as a team一something they'H find usefill later in life.18 Playing a team sport will help your teens get some exercise to lose weight or get into shape. What's more, these days, it's becoming harder to show your teens that you love and support them. A great way to do this is by showing up while they arc playing games. You can also help them practice, and help with team fundraising. These are also great ways to spend time with your kids and talk to them.You may say “bul my teen isn'l good enough to make their school team, 19 There are plenty of other places besides school to play team sports. You can always check out other <tfbr-fun clubs. You could look into sports that you may not have thought of. If you do a little research, you're sure to find something your teen will enjoy.Sports are a great way for your teens to get out of the house, get moving, make friends, and even get a scholarship to college. 20A. Take it easy.B. Take your chance.C. Sports help address teens' overweight.D. Then how can you develop a hobby in having sports?E. So why not talk to them about getting into sports today?F. However, there are other benefits your teens don't realize.G. Yet getting into a sport gives them a chance to go out and socialize.【答案】16 F 17. G 18.C19. A 20. E【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了高中的青少年参加体育运动的好处。【16题详解】根据 上文"Many （eens in high school want to try out for sports because （hey think i（ will make （hem popular.（许 多高中的青少年都想尝试运动，因为他们认为这会让他们受欢迎。）”可知，高中的青少年认为运动会让他 们受欢迎，F项意为“然而，还有其他好处是你的青少年没有意识到的。”选项能够承接上文，运动不仅 会让青少年受欢迎，还有青少年没有意识到的其他好处。故选F。【17题详解】根据上文 * With electronic products becoming more popular, it has become much easier for teens to be by themselves. Kids used （o hang out around （he town; now they jus（ sit at home.（随着电了产品越来越受欢迎，青 少年独处变得更加容易。孩子们过去常在城里闲逛；现在他们只是坐在家里。）”可知，随着电子产品越来 越受欢迎，孩子们不喜欢出去社交，G项意为“然而，参加体育运动给了他们一个出去社交的机会。”选 项能够承接上文，孩子们不喜欢出去社交，而参加体育运动可以给他们一个出去社交的机会。故选G。【18题详解】根据下文 w Playing a team sport will help your teens get some exercise to lose weight or get into shape.（参加团 队运动有助于青少年进行一些锻炼，以减肥或保持身材。）”可知，参加团队运动有助于青少年减肥或保持 身材，C项意为“运动有助于解决青少年超重问题。”选项能够概括段落主旨，下文针对“运动有助于解 决青少年超重问题”这个话题进行了具体介绍。故选C。【19题详解】根据上文"You may say "but my teen isn't good enough to make their school team”.（你可能会说“但我的孩子 还不够优秀，不能加入他们的校队“。）”可知，许多家长担心孩子不够优秀，不能加入校队，A项意为 “别担心。”选项能够承接上文，针对家长的焦虑，作者劝慰家长“别担心”，且能引起下文，下文介绍 了解决办法，除了学校，还有很多其他地方可以进行团体运动，可以参加其他俱乐部。故选A。【20题详解】根据上文 u Sports are a great way for your teens to get out of the house, get moving, make friends, and even get a scholarship to college.（运动是青少年走出家门、行动起来、交朋友,甚至获得大学奖学金的好方法。）”可 知，上文介绍了运动的好处，E项意为“那么为什么今天不和他们谈谈关于参加体育运动的事呢？ ”选项 能够承接上文，既然运动有这么多好处，为什么不和孩子谈谈关于参加体育运动的事呢？故选E。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Adonis Lattimore, 17, was born without a right leg, a partial left leg and only one fully functioning arm. Despite21 from his peers（同龄人）throughout his life, Lattimore won the 22 championship, capping off his high school career in a major way. "That feeling when it finally pays off is the23 feeling in the world,”Lattimore said.Lattimore's wrestling career 24 in elementary school when his dad found a fiver（传单）25 alocal wrestling club and brought him to a practice. He was 26 and knew he wanted to continue in the sport. <4After that, I 27 stopped going. I guess what kept me there was the competitive atmosphere it brought and the friends I was meeting on the way,“ he said.At times, others would judge his outward 28、but he didn't let any negativity or doubts from peers29 his drive. Though he faced hardships at times, Lattimore remained focused on his 3（） and never once thought about 31. Then came the moment he worked so hard for. His name was 32 on theloudspeaker as the 2022 state champion.Lattimore is now planning on heading to college to continue wrestling and 33 a degree in computer science. Through his joumey, he hopes to 34 other young athletes to enjoy the ride and do whatever they,re35 about. tfcPut everything you have into doing what you love,“ he said.21. A. responsesB. cheersC.reasonsD. doubts22. A. shootingB. boxingC. racingD. wrestling23. A. cleanestB. bestC. strongestD. longest24. A. continuedB. improvedC. beganD.changed25. A. advertisingB. treatingC. lecturingD. seeking26. A. attractedB. encouragedC. influencedD. concentrated27. A. everB. neverC. onceD. always28. A. expressionB. appearanceC.shapeD. personality29. A. reviseB. （rickC.ensureD. weaken30. A. routineB. disabilityC. techniqueD. fantasy31. A. taking offB. pulling upC. setting offD. giving up32. A. recommendedB. ignoredC.announcedD. pronounced33. A. awardB. achieveC. exploreD. design34. A. assumeB. challengeC. inspire35. A. crazyB. particularC. anxious【答案】21. D 22. D 23. B 24.C 25. A 26. A 27. BD. enableD. negative28. B 29. D 30. C 31.D 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了阿多尼斯拉铁摩尔尽管身患残疾，但他从小学开始就练习摔 跤并从未放弃的故事。21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管同龄人一直对他有所怀疑，拉铁摩尔还是赢得了摔跤冠军，他的高中生涯 以一个重要的方式结束了。A. responses回答;B. cheers欢呼;C. reasons原因;D. doubts怀疑。根据上文 uAdonis Lattimore. 17, was born without a right leg, a partial left leg and only one fully functioning arm.” 以及 b'Ubut he didn let any negativity or doubts from peers " nJ知，拉铁摩尔身患残疾，所以他的同龄人会对他有偏见，对他的一些事情有所怀疑。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管同龄人一直对他有所怀疑，拉铁摩尔还是赢得了摔跤冠军，他的高中生涯 以一个重要的方式结束了。A. shooting射击;B. boxing拳击；C. racing赛车;D. wrestling摔跤。根据下文 “Lattimore's wrestling career”可知，拉蒂摩尔赢得了摔跤的冠军。故选D。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拉铁摩尔说：“这种感觉最终会得到回报，这是世界上最好的感觉。° A. cleanest 最清洁;B. best 最好的；C. strongest 最强的;D. longest 最长的。根据句中 “That feeling when it finally pays off"可知，这种感觉得到了回报，所以他觉得这是世界上最好的感觉了。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：拉铁摩尔的摔跤生涯始于小学，当时他的父亲发现r一张当地摔跤俱乐部的广 告传单，并带他去练习。A. continued继续；B. improved提高;C.began开始;D. changed改变。根据下文 “when his dad found a flyer（传单） 5 a local wrestling club and brought him to a practice.”可知，拉铁摩 尔的摔跤生涯是从小学开始的。故选C。25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：拉铁摩尔的摔跤生涯始于小学，当时他的父亲发现了一张当地摔跤俱乐部的广 告传单,并带他去练习。A. advertising广告;B. treating处理:C. lecturing讲课;D. seeking寻求。根据句 中“a flyer”可知，拉铁摩尔的父亲发现了一张广告传单，这张传单是给摔跤俱乐部作广告。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他被吸引了，知道自己想继续从事这项运动。A. attracted吸引；B. encouraged 鼓励;C. influenced 影响；D. concentrated 集中。根据下文“knew he wanted to continue in the sport”可知， 他父亲带他去摔跤俱乐部练习时，他被这个运动吸引了，决定以后继续这种运动。故选A。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，我从未停止过旅行。A. ever永远；B. never从来没有；C. once - 次；D. always 总是。 根据下文 “I guess what kept me there was the competitive atmosphere it brought and the friends I was meeting on the way,“ he said.”可知，自从他想要练习摔跤开始，他就从来也没有停止过。故选 Bo28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时，别人会评判他的外表，但他不会让同伴的任何消极或怀疑削弱他的动 力。A. expression 表达;B. appearance 夕卜貌;C. shape 形状;D. personality 性格。根据空前的"outward” 可知，别人会评价他的外貌。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时，别人会评判他的外表，但他不会让同伴的任何消极或怀疑削弱他的动 力。A. revise修订;B. trick欺骗;Censure确保;D. weaken减弱。根据转折连词but可知,虽然别人会 对他的外貌做出消极的评价，但是这些消极的事情和质疑是不会削弱他练习摔跤的动力。故选D。30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管他有时面临困难，拉铁摩尔仍然专注于他的技术，从未想过放弃。A.routine 例行程序;B. disability 残疾；C. technique 技术;D. fantasy 幻想。根据卜,文 “His name was12 on the loudspeaker as the 2022 state champion.n可知，不管别人对他做出什么样的评价，他的注意力始终关注的摔跤技术。最后终于获得了摔跤比赛的冠军。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管他有时面临困难，拉铁摩尔仍然专注于他的技术，从未想过放弃。A. takingoff 起飞;B. pulling up 拉起；C. selling off 抵消;D. giving up 放弃,放弃。根据句中 “never once thought * 以及下文 “ His name was 12 on the loudspeaker as the 2022 state champion. " 可知，尽管困难重重，但是他从来没有想过放弃，最终获得了摔跤比赛的冠军。故选D。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的名字被宣布为2022年州冠军。A. recommended推荐；B. ignored忽视；C. announced 宣布；D. pronounced 发音。根据空后“on the loudspeaker as the 2022 state champion” 可知，他获 得了摔跤的冠军，所以他的名字在扩音器中被宣布成为了比赛的冠军。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：拉铁摩尔现在计划去大学继续摔跤，并获得计算机科学学位。A. award奖励；B. achieve实现；C. explore探索；D. design设计。根据空后的“a degree ”可知，拉铁摩尔的计划是去大 学继续练习摔跤以及获得一个计算机可学的学位。achieve a degree “取得学位”。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他的旅程中，他希望激励其他年轻运动员享受这段旅程，做他们热衷的事 情。A. assume 假设；B. challenge 挑战;C. inspire 激励；D. enable 使可能。根据空后 “other young athletes toenjoytheridc ”可知，他希望自己的经历去激励其他的年轻人追寻自己的梦想。故选C。35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他的旅程中，他希望激励其他年轻运动员享受这段旅程，做他们热衷的事 情。A. crazy热衷的；B. particular特别的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. negative消极的。根据下文“Pul everything you have into doing what you love," he said.”可知,他希望其他的年轻人去追寻自己所热爱的事 情。故选Ao第二节（共10小题;每小题L5分，满分15分）阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。36. Tai chi has taught me to relax my mind（enable） me to stay cool in stressful situations.（所给词的 适当形式填空）【答案】enabling【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：太极教会了我放松头脑，使我能在有压力的情况下保持冷静。分析句子 成分可知，谓语动词为has taught,空格处需要填非谓语动词作伴随状语，主语Tai chi和enable之间是主 谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填enabling。37. When I was an awkward primary school student, she was the popular girl. Since then, a close friendship （grow） between us.（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】has grown【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：当我还是一个愚笨的小学生时，她是受欢迎的女孩。从那时起，我们之间建立 了亲密的友谊。根据句意和句中“Since then”可知，句子应用现在完成时，“friendship”和“has”连 用，“grow”的过去分词为“grown”，故填has grown。38. These things can help you take your mind matters that worry you and make you feel good aboutyourself.（用适当的词填空）【答案】Off【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这些事情可以帮助你忘掉那些让你担