高二英语-随堂练习 话题语言应用——南极.doc

巩固练习一、单项选择1Ladies and gentlemen，I have the great privilege_introducing our speaker for tonight.AinBofCabout Don2High interest rates_people from borrowing money.Adiscourage BprotectCsave Ddisturb3The frequent terrible coal mine accidents killed more than 1,000 people in China last year._.AQuite OK BCertainlyCThats the case DI agree4Every day the boy，together with his classmates，_to go to the sports ground and_football，_themselves.Aare noticed；play；enjoying Bis noticed；plays；enjoyingCare noticed；plays；enjoys Dis noticed；play；enjoying5The importance of saving gas_be stressed too much. Automobiles use up some 70 billion gallons of gas a year.Acant BmustntCshouldnt Dmay not6No other salesmen could know how to increase sales，but soon Tim_a good solution.Acame up with Bcaught up withCkept up with Dput up with7Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not，you may_run down by a car.Ahave BgetCbecome Dturn8Our family makes it a_to turn off the television at mealtime and try to speak as little as possible.Aprivilege BpressureCprocedure Dprinciple9_in the iron box，the tiger got angry.ATo trap BTrappingCTrapped DTo be trapped10All three teams_different approaches to the problem.Aadapted BadoptedCattached Dadjusted11_is necessary for you to lock the car when you dont use it.AWhich BThisCThat DIt12_gene，intelligence also depends on an adequate diet，a good education and a happy family environment.AIn spite of BIn terms ofCIn case of DIn addition to13Can Jay Chou be considered as one who_among young musicians?Astands up Bstands outCcomes out Dcomes up14I dont like vegetables，Mum._on a balanced diet，you should try to eat some.AKeep BTo keepCKeeping DHaving kept15Perseverance is a kind of quality and thats_it takes to do anything well.Awhat BthatCwhich Dwhy二、完形填空 I was coaching girlstrack in Iowa and there was a young discus (铁饼) thrower on the team with_1_potential (潜力)Here goes her story.At the end of our training_2_the district track meet，this discus thrower，Lucy，asked me if she_3_come to the school on Sunday for a little_4_training.I agreed. The year before，she had placed second at the district meet and_5_missed going to the state meet. She had won every discus event，_6_that district meet！And，her throws in the competitions had_7_been between 106 1 and 110 10.Something began to_8_me. Why couldnt Lucy_9_to get the discus to 111 feet？I wondered if it was more a psychological barrier (心理障碍)_10_a physical one. I decided to try something_11_. I made up my mind to_12_to Lucy.On Sunday，after her drills，I said，“Why dont you throw five or six good ones for me to_13_？”She began to throw again，but_14_were farther than what she had already thrown. But，I didnt tell Lucy. As I was measuring the_15_one，I pulled out some more tape (卷尺) and yelled out to her，“Come to see this！This one is_16_！” It wasnt. Lucy，thinking that this was a personal best，jumped wildly into the air in_17_.The next afternoon，at the district meet，Lucy_18_with a personal best throw of 11410！Just 24 hours after I had lied to her. However，this time she had_19_thrown the discus four feet further than she had ever thrown it before.Sometimes we_20_our own barriers in our mind. So learn to take control of your mind.1. A. little Blarge Cno Dlimited2A. after Bduring Csince Dbefore3A. could Bmust Cshould Dwould4A. helpful Bextra Creal Dregular5. A. luckily Bcompletely Cnarrowly Dprobably6A. except Bincluding Cdespite Dwith7A. sometimes Balways Cnever Dseldom8A. frighten Bplease Cshock Dbother9A. seem Bpretend Cneed Dask10A. apart from Brather than Cbecause of Daccording to11A. impossible Bfamiliar Cnew Deasy12A. lie Bturn Creply Dcall13A. look Bmeasure Cmatch Dtake14A. many Ball Csome Dnone15A. worst Bclosest Cfirst Dfinal16A. higher Bfarther Cbigger Dlonger17A.excitement Banxiety Cpuzzlement Danger18A.disappeared Blost Cwon Darrived19A.actually Bhardly Cnearly Donly20A. break Bremove Ctake Dset三、阅读理解“A few cups of green tea each day may help prevent heart disease，”Greek researchers said on Wednesday. A study published in the European Journal of Cardiovascular (心血管的) Prevention showed further evidence of the potential health benefits from tea already linked to a reduced risk of a range of cancers and other conditions.The study showed that green tea improves blood flow and the ability of arteries (动脉) to relax，said Charalambos Vlachopoulos，an expert at the Athens Medical School in Greece who worked on the study.Other studies have shown that black tea also has benefits for cardiovascular health.The Greek team said they believed green tea might be even better because it had higher quantities of beneficial substances called flavonoids (类黄酮)some of which are lost in the oxidation (氧化) process that black tea undergoes.Flavonoids are also found in cocoa，tomatoes and grapes.“A couple of cups a day would probably be good for people，” Vlachopoulos said.“This is the first study to show these effects for green tea.”The researchers gave 14 healthy volunteers either green tea，coffee or hot water and then measured the function of endothelial cells (内皮细胞)These cells help relax arteries and ease blood flow.“What is important is these effects are evident within 30 minutes，”Vlachopoulos said.The measurements taken 30, 90 and 120 minutes following consumption showed an almost immediate benefit among people who had drunk green tea，he said. While the researchers looked only at a short-term effect，Vlachopoulos said the teams studies suggest the protection is long-lasting.“Green tea is consumed less in the Western world than black tea，but it could be more beneficial，”he said.1What would be the best title for the passage?ABenefits from black teaBDifferent kinds of teaCGreen tea protects against heart diseaseDGreen tea reduces the risk of cancer2According to the study，green tea can do the following EXCEPT_.Aimprove blood flowBbenefit cardiovascular healthChelp relax arteriesDincrease the oxidation rate of flavonoids3Which of the following statements is TRUE?AGreen tea is better than black tea because it has been processed.BGreen tea contains more flavonoids than black tea.CVlachopouloss study is based on many years research.DVlachopouloss study is the first to show green teas benefits.4We can learn from the passage that_.A14 volunteers with heart disease joined in the experimentBit takes an hour for green tea to take effectCgreen tea has a long-lasting effect according to VlachopoulosDWesterners prefer green tea to black tea5Which one of the following factors is NOT related with the research procedure?AThe volunteers. BThe drinks.CBlood samples. DObjects for time-measuring.四、语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在标有110的空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。（1） Lake Titicaca, a famous lake in South America, is located on the border between Bolivia and Peru. But the lives of the ancient people who once lived around the lake and _1_ culture was thought to be highly advanced, have long remained a secret. Recently _2_, scientists taking part in an exploration project at the lake have found _3_ they believe to be a 1000-year-old temple _4_ the water. Divers from the study group have discovered _5_ building scientists think is the remains of a temple built by the people who once lived beside the lake. The project leaders hope to begin raising important materials from the site later this week _6_ bad weather forces a change in their plans.“The scientists have not yet had the opportunity to study the materials carefully,” said project director, John Aubi. “But some _7_ (put) forward the idea that the remains date from this period because of their _8_ (similar) to those found elsewhere.” The research team has so far this year made more than 200 dives into water 30 metres deep. During these dives, _9_ have been recording the ancient remains on film. There will be a meeting, _10_ (start) later this year to review the film.（2）Were you the first or the last child in your family? Or were you a middle or an only child? Some people think _1_ matters where you were born in your family. But there are different ideas about what birth order means. Some people say that oldest children, _2_ are smart and strong-willed, are very likely _3_ (succeed). The reason _4_ this is simple. Parents have a lot of time for their first child and give him or her a lot of attention. An only child will succeed for _5_ same reason.What happens to the _6_ children in the family? Middle children dont get so much attention, so they dont feel that important. If a family has many children, the middle one sometimes gets lost in the crowd. The youngest child, _7_, often gets special treatment. Often this child grows up to be funny. But a recent study saw things quite _8_ (difference). The study found that first children believed in family rules. They didnt take many chances in _9_ lives. They usually _10_ (follow) orders. Rules didnt mean as much to later children in the family. They took chances and they often did better in life.五、书面表达假如你是明启中学（Ming Qi Middle School）的李明，想申请一个扶贫项目，帮助贫困地区的儿童。根据以下启事，写一封申请信（信中不能提到真实姓名和学校）。词数：120150。启事国际儿童基金会将资助中学生开展扶贫项目，以帮助贫困地区的儿童。申请成功者将获得项目经费2, 000元。有意者请来信告知：1）你个人的基本情况；2）你对申请项目的基本设想；3）项目经费的使用计划。联系方式: 2014hopeicf. org答案与解析一、单项选择1B。have the privilege of doing意为“很荣幸地做某事”。2A。考查动词辨析。句意为：高利率阻止了人们借钱。discourage sb. from. “阻止某人”符合句意。protect 保护；save 节省；disturb 干扰，均与句意不符。3C。考查情景对话。对于第一个说话者所说的事实，第二个人表示赞同，选Thats the case 事实就是如此，符合句意。4D。主语为the boy，所以谓语动词为单数，排除A和C。go to the sports ground和play football为并列关系，enjoying themselves为现在分词短语作状语。5A。考查情态动词。cant.too. 再也不为过，前句意为：节省汽油的重要性无论怎样强调都不为过。6A。考查动词短语辨析。come up with 想出，符合句意。catch up with 追上，赶上；keep up with 跟上，不落在后面；put up with 容忍，均与句意不符。7B。考查“get过去分词”结构。get和be一样，后面的过去分词作表语，含有被动的意义，多用来强调结果或表示不期而遇或偶然发生的事情。8D。考查名词辨析。句意为：我们家定了一个规则，即在吃饭时关掉电视并尽量少说话。principle “准则；规则”符合句意。privilege 荣幸，特权；pressure 压力；procedure 程序，步骤。9C。考查非谓语动词。句意为：被困在铁笼子里，老虎发怒了。老虎与trap之间为被动，且已被关进铁笼。10B。考查动词辨析。句意为：三个队都采取了不同的解决问题的办法。adopt “采取；采纳”符合句意。adapt 适应；attach 使依附；adjust 调整，均与句意不符。11D。考查主语。此处it作形式主语，而真正的主语是后面的不定式复合结构。12D。句意为：除了基因外，饮食，良好的教育和幸福的家庭环境也是智力形成的因素。in addition to “除之外”符合句意。in spite of 尽管；in terms of 就来说；in case of 以免，万一。13B。考查动词短语辨析。stand out “突出；引人注目”符合句意。stand up 站起来；come out 出来，出版；come up 上升，提高，均不合题意。14B。考查非谓语动词。句意为：为了保持均衡饮食，你应该尽量吃些蔬菜。此处应用不定式作目的状语。15A。考查关系词的用法。空中所填的词引导表语从句且在从句中作take的宾语。二、完形填空 文章主要讲述了作者在训练运动员时的一个故事，他所训练的一个铁饼运动员在扔铁饼时总是不能超过111英尺，作者就用撒谎的办法使这个运动员有了自信，从而使她在运动会上取得了11410的好成绩。1B。从文章的后半部分可知，这个运动员最后取得了很好的成绩，故此处指该运动员的潜力很大，故用large。2D。文章后面才提到区运动会的召开，故此时运动会还没有召开，故用before，意为“在区运动会开始之前”。3A。此处Lucy问作者周日她能不能来学校加练，表示请求应该用could，其余的不符合此处的语境。4B。文中提到的时间是周末，应该是休息的时间，在周末进行训练，那就是加练，即“extra training”。helpful 有帮助的，有益的；extra 多余的，额外的；real 真的，真正的；regular有规律的，均匀的。5C。该空前面提到她在去年的区运动会上得了第二名，就差那么一点而没有能够参加州运动会。narrowly missed意为“以微弱差距错过”。6A。句意为“她赢得了每场掷铁饼比赛，除了那场区运动会”。此处except表示“除了”；including 包含；despite 不管，尽管。7B。下段中作者提到他对Lucy不能达到111英尺感到很疑惑，由此可知Lucy在运动会上的成绩总是在1061和11010中间变化，故用always表示“一直”，体现作者对这个问题的困惑。8D。通过上下两段的意思可知作者对Lucy不能突破11010感到很困惑，故用bother烦扰。frighten 使惊吓，惊恐，please 取悦，shock 震惊，不符合语境。9A。句意为“为什么Lucy看上去不能将铁饼扔到111英尺呢？”，sb. seems to do sth.意为“某人看上去”。pretend 假装，need 需要，ask 要求，均不符合文意。10B。作者此处对Lucy为什么不能够突破111英尺这一问题进行思考，语境为“这是不是因为心理障碍而不是体力的问题呢？” rather than 与其倒不如，而不是；apart from 除了；because of 因为，由于；according to 根据。11C。作者此时在考虑Lucy不能够掷得更远的原因，上文提到作者怀疑这是由于心理问题，因此此处是说针对这个问题，他决定尝试新的东西，故用new，此处new是形容词作后置定语，修饰something。impossible 不可能的；familiar 熟悉的；easy 容易的，均不符合语境。12A。文章后半部分提到“Just 24 hours after I had lied to her”可知此处是说作者决定撒谎。13B。作者在验证自己的推断时，要让Lucy再扔几次让他量量，看看有没有进步。measure测量；look 看；match 使相配，竞争；take 拿走。扔铁饼当然要通过测量得知其距离，故B项符合语境。14D。作者让Lucy扔五到六次的铁饼，但是通过测量的结果得知没有一次能够超过前面所扔的距离，因此作者才用撒谎的方式来告诉她她扔的距离。none 全部不，其余的选项不符合语境。15D。句意为“当我测量最后一次投掷的距离的时候，我故意将卷尺拉长了一些”，下文也没提到Lucy继续掷铁饼，因此这次是她掷的最后一次，故final“最后的”符合文意。16B。因为作者此时在骗Lucy，所以说“这次比以前的要远”，farther 更远的。higher 更高的；bigger 更大的；longer 更长的。17A。Lucy听到自己扔得比以前远了，应当很激动，故用“excitement”。anxiety 焦虑，担心；puzzlement 迷惑；anger 生气。18C。通读文章可知Lucy在这次区运动会中赢得了铁饼比赛。win （在中）获胜。19A。上句提到“Just 24 hours after I had lied to her”，说明这次她真的扔得比以前远四英尺。actually 实际上；hardly 几乎不；nearly 几乎；差不多；only 仅仅，均不符合文意。20D。句意为“有时候我们会在我们自己心中设定心理障碍”，set 放置，设定；break 打破，弄破，弄坏；remove 除去，迁移，开除；take 拿，取。三、阅读理解1C。归纳标题题。本文主要介绍了每天喝几杯绿茶有助于预防心脏病，第一段是主题段。2D。细节理解题。由第二段的green tea improves blood flow and the ability of arteries to relax以及第三段的black tea also has benefits for cardiovascular health可知，绿茶能够促进血液流动，并能增强动脉疏通能力，对心血管健康也有好处。D项与文章第四段内容不相符。3B。细节判断题。由第四段可知，研究人员认为绿茶的心血管保健功效可能会更强，因为绿茶中所含的一种名叫“类黄酮”的有益物质较多，而这种物质在红茶氧化过程中会部分流失。4C。细节判断题。由倒数第二段可知，尽管研究人员只探究了绿茶的短期功效，但维拉科珀罗斯称，他们的研究表明，这种保护功效是长期的。5C。细节理解题。从第六、七段可知，实验需要A、B、D三项所表述的三者，C项并未在文中提及。四、语法填空（1）1. whose。whose引导定语从句修饰前面的名词the ancient people，且在从句中作定语。2. however。因此句与上个句子在句意上是转折关系，且有逗号隔开，填however。3. what。what引导宾语从句，what表示“的东西”。4. under/beneath/in。表示“在水下”用under/beneath都可以。in the water 在水里。5. a。第一次提到，填a，修饰building。6. unless。根据上下文句意，此处需要填“如果不”，所以填unless。7. have put。根据上下文可知，科学家已经提出了提出一种观点8. similarity/similarities。因为because of后接名词或代词，填similar的名词similarity（不可数名词）或similarities（具体的相似之处）。9. they。用they指代上文的the research team的具体成员，作主语。10. starting。start作a meeting的非限制性定语，补充说明a meeting。“会议开始”是主动关系，用动词-ing形式。（2）1. it。it是形式主语，代替后面where引导的从句。句意：一些人认为你在所有孩子中第几个出生很重要。2. who。用who引导非限制性定语从句，代替that oldest children在从句中作主语。3. to succeed。sb. + be likely to do sth. 某人可能会做某事。4. for。the reason for是固定搭配，意为“的原因”。5. the。the same 同一个。same通常与the连用。6. other。第一段讲述了第一个孩子和独生子的情况，而第二段要说的是其他孩子，包括中间和最小的孩子，所以填other（其他的）。7. however/though。此句与上一句子是转折关系，而且放在句中，可以用ho