高中英语语法专题讲练--并列句与状语从句(共4页).doc
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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上高中英语语法专题讲练 并列句与状语从句一、并列句由并列连词将两个或两个以上平等关系的简单句连接在一起构成的句子叫并列句。其结构是:简单句+并列连词+简单句一、并列关系常用的连词有and(同,和), when(=and just at this time就在这时,然后), not onlybut (also)(不仅而且), neithernor(既不也不)等。如:He helps me and I help him.他帮我,我帮他。He not only gave us a lot of advice, but also helped us to study Engli
2、sh. 他不仅给我们出很多建议并且还帮助我学英语。I was just leaving when the telephone rang. 我正要离开,电话铃响了。二、选择关系常用的连词有or(或者,否则), otherwise(否则), or else(否则), either.or(不是就是)。如:Hurry up, or (else) youll be late. 快点,否则就会迟到了。Either Tom is coming or his sisters are. 不是汤姆就是她的姐妹们要来。三、转折关系常用的连词有but(但是,可是,只是因为), while(而、却), yet(可是)等
3、。如:It rained heavily yesterday but I had to attend the party.昨天雨下得很大,但是我必须去参加聚会。I like tea while she likes coffee. 我喜欢喝茶而她喜欢喝咖啡。注意:but, while不与although连用,但yet, still可与although连用。Although she felt ill, she still went to work. 她虽然感觉不舒服,但她仍然去上班。四、因果关系常用的连词有for(因为)和so(所以,因此)等。如:I am thirsty, for it is h
4、ot. 我口渴,因为天气太热。The manager was ill so I went in her place. 经理病了所以我代她去。典型例题1.Find ways to praise your children often, _ youll find they will open their hearts to you.2.Should we choose a good major _ a good university first?3. Mike was usually so careful, _ this time he made a small mistake.4. They c
5、an either choose to accept the challenge _ donate 100 dollars, or do the both.5.The couple were walking along the street_suddenly they heard someone crying for help.二、状语从句一、状语从句的概念和分类在前面的定语从句和名词性从句的学习中,已经明确了从句的概念,知道了定语从句就是从句充当定语的作用,名词性从句就是从句充当名词的作用。那么同理,状语从句就是从句充当状语的作用,状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。例:I know ho
6、w to light a camp fire because I have done it before.(because引导的从句充当原因状语,所以为原因状语从句)When she was walking along the street, she met her class teacher.(when引导的从句充当时间状语,所以为时间状语从句二、状语从句的引导词 因为从句引导词比较多,为了方便引导词的梳理,咱们以从句分类为依据进行引导词的梳理和讲解。I 时间状语从句:起时间状语作用的从句。 常用引导词:when, while, as, as soon as, before, after,
7、since , till, until特殊引导词:the minute, the moment, the second, the instant, immediately , directly, every time, each time, next time, the first time, any time, no sooner than, hardly/scarcely when/before1.when, while, as区别。三个词都可以表示“当.时候”但是在使用的时候略有不同。1) when引导时间状语从句中的谓语动词可以用非延续性动词,也可用延续性动词。 When I was
8、young, I went to town myself. (延续性动词) When I lived in country, I used to carry some water for him.(延续性动词) When the fire broke out, all the students were sleeping soundly.(非延续性动词)2) while引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词必须是延续性动词或表示状态的动词,侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。 例: My father was preparing a report while I was playing games.(延续性动
9、词)Please dont talk so loud while others are working.(延续性动词)3)as表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时发生,可译为“一边.,一边.”或“随着.”。 He hurried home, looking behind as he went. As time goes on, its getting warmer and warmer.2.before的用法。 before,“在.之前”虽然平时接触的比较多,而且意思也简单,但是before会根据句子意思的需要有时候翻译会发生一定的变化,而且通常会用于一些固定句式中。 1)before作“没
10、有来得及.就”“未.就”“.就.”解时,强调主句谓语动词表示的动作发生得过早或过快。例:Someone called me up in the night, but they hung up before I could answer the phone. 有人半夜给我打电话,但我还未来得及接他们就把电话挂了。 They had talked only a few minutes before they found they were quite different in opinion. 他们才谈了几分钟就发现他们的意见很不一致。2)before的固定句式。 “It + be + 一段时间+
11、 before从句”中的主句和从句的时态有两种情况: 如果主句用一般将来时,则从句用一般现在时,意为“多长时间以后某事即将发生”; It wont be long before we meet again. 不久我们就会再见的。 如果主句用过去时,从句也用过去时,意为“多长时间以后某事才发生”。 It was 3 years before he came back from abroad. 三年后他才从国外回来。3. Since的用法。 译为“自从.”,主句常用现在完成时,从句常用一般过去时。 例: He has studied very hard since he came to our s
12、chool. 自从他来到我们学校,他学习就非常努力。4. as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no sooner. than. , hardly/scarcely. when/before. 这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生,主句的动作随即就发生,常译作 “一.就.” The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming. 我一听到那个声音,我就知道父亲来了。5. every time, each
13、time, next time, the first time, any time等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句,表示“每当.;每次.;下次.”等。 例:Every/ Each time I was in trouble, he would come to help me out. 每当我处于困境,他就会来帮助我。 Next time you come, do remember to bring your son here. 下次你来的时候,一定记着把你儿子带来。典型例题1. If you miss this chance, it may be years _ you get another
14、one.2.We need some more facts and figures _we make the final decision.3.Because of the heavy traffic, it was already time for lunch break _ she got to her office.4.-I wonder how much you charge for your services.-The first two are free _ the third costs 30 dollars.5. He had no sooner finished his sp
15、eech _ the students started cheering.II 地点状语从句:在句中作地点状语的从句称为地点状语从句。常用引导词:where特殊引导词:wherever, anywhere, everywhere例: Make marks where you have questions. 在有问题的地方作出标记。 You can go anywhere you like. 你可以到你想去的任何地方。III 让步状语从句:在句中表示让步的从句称为让步状语从句。常用引导词:though, although, even if, even though(即使、尽管)特殊引导词:as尽
16、管,虽然(不用于句首,用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装), while ( 一般用在句首 )=although, no matter what/how/when(特殊疑问词), whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever whetheror(不管还是)例: While there was no conclusive evidence, most people thought he was guilty. No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind. He
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