主语从句和同位语从句ppt课件.ppt
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1、名词性从句名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句从句.1宾语从句;宾语从句;2主语从句;主语从句;3表语从句;表语从句;4同位语从句同位语从句主语从句在另外一个句子中做主语的句在另外一个句子中做主语的句子叫主语从句子叫主语从句。How the book will sell depends on its author. That he is the best student in the class is obvious 主语从句常用主语从句常用it it作形式主语放句首作形式主语放句首因而我们常见到这种句式:因而我们常见到这种句式:It+be+n./a
2、dj/-ed从句(从句(that, whether,etc.)例:例:Its a pity that you should have to leave. = That you should have to leave is a pity.It is great that I have a teacher like you.= That I have a teacher like you is great. .主语从句的连接词主语从句的连接词一、主语从句一、主语从句1.连词连词that(无词义无词义, 不作成分不作成分, 不能省不能省略略);whether(是否是否),if不能位于句首。不能位于
3、句首。That he will come and help us is certain.Whether we will succeed is still a question.It is not known if he will come.注意注意: : 已确定的事由已确定的事由thatthat引导引导; ; 没决定的事由没决定的事由whetherwhether引导引导. . 3.连接副词连接副词when, where, why, how, how long, how often, how soon, how far, how many / much 等等.When the test will
4、 be given is not yet decided.How much we can spend must be agreed on.2. 连接代词连接代词what, whatever, who, whoever, whose, which, whichever 等等.What he is has nothing to do with you.Whose ticket this is has not been found out.1.I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full(MET98) A. it B. that C. these
5、D. them 2. I feel _ strange that he should be so careless. A. / B. it C. that D. how 3. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.(MET92) Awhile B. that Cif Dfor 为了使句子保持平衡,常用为了使句子保持平衡,常用it来代替主来代替主语从句或宾语从句,而把主语从句或宾语从句或宾语从句,而把主语从句或宾语从句放到后面,尤其是连词语从句放到后面,尤其是连词that引导引导的主语从句常用于此种句式中,但的主语从句常用于此种句式中,
6、但what,whatever,whoever,whichever引导的引导的主语从句一般不后置。主语从句一般不后置。 请你归纳请你归纳 ?同位语从句同位语从句在一个更长的句子中作同位语使在一个更长的句子中作同位语使用的句子叫同位语从句。用的句子叫同位语从句。同位语与其前的词或短语表达的同位语与其前的词或短语表达的是同一事物。如:是同一事物。如:The fact that she is ill should be considered.The news that our team has won the match is true.His delay is due to the fact tha
7、t the car went wrong halfway.同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句一般跟在名词同位语从句一般跟在名词fact, news, promise, truth, belief, thought, idea,answer,information,doubt, knowledge, hope, law, opinion, plan, suggestion后面后面, , 用以说明或解用以说明或解释前面的名词释前面的名词. . The Differences Between The Differences Between Appositive clauses and Attributi
8、ve ClausesAppositive clauses and Attributive Clauses 怎样区别同位语从句与定语从句同位语从句与定语同位语从句与定语 从句从句的的不同之处不同之处1 1、从句的作用不同:同位语从句用来进一步、从句的作用不同:同位语从句用来进一步 说明前面名词的内容;定语从句用来修饰、说明前面名词的内容;定语从句用来修饰、 限定前面的名词。限定前面的名词。 e.g. The news that our team has won the final matchis encouraging. (从句说明“消息”的内容:我们队取得了决赛胜利。)The news tha
9、t you told us is really encouraging.(从句对“消息”加以限定:是你告诉我们的你告诉我们的,而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。)2 2、引导从句的关联词、引导从句的关联词that的功能不同:的功能不同:that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词,不充当任引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词,不充当任何成分;而引导定语从句的何成分;而引导定语从句的that是关系代词,是关系代词,既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。e.g.1) Dad made a promise that he would buy me CD player if I
10、 passed the English test. (that 不充当任何成分)不充当任何成分)2) Dad made a promise that excited all his children.(that指代指代promise,又在从句中充当主语。),又在从句中充当主语。)高一英语语法同步辅导高一英语语法同步辅导3 3、thatthat引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词,故引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词,故不能用不能用whichwhich替换;而替换;而thatthat引导定语从句时是引导定语从句时是代词,常可以和另一关系代词代词,常可以和另一关系代词whichwhich替换。替换。e.g. T
11、he fact that he is from Canada is new to me. (that不可换为不可换为which) The fact that surprised me is that he is not Chinese. (第一个(第一个that可换为可换为which,第二个,第二个不行,因为它引导的是表语从句。)不行,因为它引导的是表语从句。)4 4、引导同位语从句的关联词,除、引导同位语从句的关联词,除thatthat外,还可外,还可以根据句义使用任何其它疑问代词或副词;以根据句义使用任何其它疑问代词或副词;而定语从句不可用而定语从句不可用what, how, whethe
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