高考英语二轮复习 语法填空专题讲义.docx
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1、高考英语复习 语法填空专题【语法填空十四条军规】一、如果一个句子没有谓语动词, 或者虽然已有谓语动词,但所填的动词与之是并列关系时,就是填谓语动词 (考 时态/被动/虚拟)JJ _is_ (be) ugly.JJ _is_ (be) ugly but is tender.靠“关系”做语法题!【纯时态的】 A boy on a bike _caught_(catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus andwaving his arms. 一般过去=讲故事! In 1969, the pollution was terrible along
2、the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio.It _was_(be) unimaginable (that it could ever be cleaned up). (On their return) the father asked his son (to explain) (what he had learnt). Theboy, (who had remained silent and deep in thought) (on the journey home), _replied_ (reply) in a way (that shocked hi
3、s father). The boy said he wanted to become a farmer. They didnt take many chances in their lives. They just _followed_ (follow)orders. I had to ask for a leave (to take Jack to the hospital) (because he _had cut_(cut) his finger).过去完成时=过去之前take a chance=take a risk=冒险ask for a leave 请假【被动】(1)The ne
4、w gum can _be removed_ (remove) easily (from pavements, shoes and clothes).(2)But someone must have taken them because theyre _gone_ (go).(3)Her mother was excited“Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,”Jane _was informed_ (inform).【虚拟】含义: 你说出来的这句话,不是真实的,而是虚拟的!结构:在本来的时态上加一个 did.这句话是虚拟出来的!I
5、 wish I would go to the moon. 虚拟将来 will go + did =would goI wish I were you. 虚拟现在 am +did + wereI wish I had arrived earlier. 虚拟过去 arrived + did = had arrived.He walked into the classroom proudly as if he _had bought_ (buy) the whole school. Are they there? Oh, my goodness. I _must have put_(put) th
6、em in there (when the phone rang).情态动词+have done=描述过去!must have done 肯定做了某事吧cant have done 不可能做了某事吧would have done 本来会做某事could have done 本来能够做某事should have done 本应该做某事might have done 本来有可能做某事注意: 谓语动词=助动词+实义动词(1) will/shall + do (2) have/has/had + done (3) be + doing/done (4) 情态动词+ do / have done 二、如
7、果一个句子已有谓语动词, 且不是并列谓语动词时,所给动词要用非谓语 形式,这时要根据句子所缺 句子成分和所填单词含义 来确定具体的非谓语形式。主动 doing被动 done要做、去做 to do(未做)_To complete_(complete) the project as followed, well have to work for two more hours per day.I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused _to stop_(stop) until we reached the
8、 next stop.Still, the boy kept _riding_(ride).The new gum adds a special polymer to modify(修改,改变) its properties(特性), _making_ (make) it far _less_ (little) sticky.With the problem _solved_ (solve), I felt proud of my achievement. The headmaster went into the meeting room, _followed_ (follow) by som
9、e teachers.注:如果非谓语前面有名词, 则这个非谓语是在描述这个名词;如果非谓语前面没有名词, 这个非谓语描述主句主语。Smiling, LiHui walked in. 微笑着,李辉走进来。The sky waiting for the rain, I am waiting for you.三、如果有第三个动词提示词,可能变为其他词性 (名词/动名词/形容词) “判形式, 找相关!”介词后面跟名词! While there are _amazing_(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for mostof us the _chang
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