My-English-study.doc
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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-dateMy-English-studyMy English studyMy English Study-Analyzing on the English Grammar learningIntroduction For Chinese English learners, one of their headaches is the English grammar, espec
2、ially for those students in their middle school and high school, due to the fact that in any examine paper, English grammar testing is pervasive, such as the college entrance examination.Hence, the ability to master English grammar is the top priority for learners. This paper is divided into four pa
3、rts: an overview of grammar definitions and significance, analyzing the similarities and differences of Chinese grammar and English grammar, analyzing the difficulties in learning English grammar, and also providing methods for better commanding English grammar.1. The definition and significance of
4、grammar1.1 The definition of grammar Grammar is defined by Penny Ur as “the way language manipulates and combines words (or bits of words) in order to form longer units of meaning.”This definition is quite close to the common understanding of what grammar is. The main difference is that it tells us
5、how the rules of language actually work they arrange and shape words. Nevertheless, knowing what these rules do is not a very motivating factor alone. Crystal says, “Grammar is the structural foundation of our ability to express ourselves. The more we are aware of how it works, the more we can monit
6、or the meaning and effectiveness of the way we and others use language. It can help foster precision, detect ambiguity, and exploit the richness of expression available in English. Additionally, it can help everyone, not only teachers of English, but teachers of anything for all teaching grammar is
7、ultimately a matter of getting to grips with meaning.” As it can be seen from the above definitions, grammar is not an unimportant set of rules that can be ignored without consequences. It is a very complex phenomenon and even though learners may find it a difficult thing to master, the time devoted
8、 to that is certainly not wasted. 1.2 The significance of grammar Language as a discipline, have its inherent laws, which is often called grammar. If we are not able to understand the science comprehensively and follow the rules of the inner parts to comb and conclude, therefore we are less likely t
9、o grasp the essence of the discipline .We can imagine: Its impossible for a stranger to well know a city, if just to tell him some names of streets, not to show him the map of the city, nor introduce him geography of the situation, because his understanding of the city is fragmented and incomplete.
10、Although he lives in this city for a long time, he is still rather strange to the whole city. Hence, to grasp a language, its a must to flexibly use words, phrases and sentence. In all, grammar is the law that language combination must follow. It is difficult to learn a language well if not masterin
11、g grammar.2. The similarities and differences of Chinese grammar and English grammar2.1The similarities of Chinese grammar and English grammar In most cases,Chinese grammar and English grammar correspond to each other. The Chinese has SVO, verbs, nouns, adjectives, the same as English. For example,
12、the Chinese sentence 孩子们喜欢漂亮的花朵translated into English is children like beautiful flowers. in this sentence, the subject of Chinese and English are 孩子 and children, the predicate is 喜欢 and like, and the object is 美丽的花朵 and beautiful flowers. 2.2 differences of Chinese grammar and English grammar 2.2
13、.1 Difference in parts of speech For example , there are nouns of locality in Chinese words, such as 里、内、外、上、下、前、后、左、右、中and a few of them represent the prepositions in English, such as in, on, behind, and some represent adjectives, such as inner, outer, outside, middle. Therefore, Its not correct to
14、 regard the Chinese location words just as prepositions or adjectives. 2.2.2 Difference in sentence elements The Chinese sentence has six components, namely, subject, predicate, object, complement, attributive, and adverbial sentence, while English sentence has another complement. For example, Chine
15、se sentence他在这儿逗留了三个小时”, can be translated into English which is that “He stayed here three hours” . It is not correct to regard 三个小时(three hours) as a adverbial ,but a complement. 2.2.3 Difference in sentence patterns Generally speaking, English sentence has a complete grammar structure, though the
16、re still are some non-subject-predicate sentences, such as Wonderful! However , this phenomenon is much common in Chinese. Above all, there exist subject-predicate sentences in Chinese, like”他脸色苍白”、“这个人鼻梁很高”、 “这里的树,杨树居多” ,which means that its predicate structure is a predicate phrase , in English ho
17、wever, this structure cannot be expressed. The above examples illustrate the similarities and differences of Chinese and English grammar. Meanwhile, It is the differences that , more often than that, lead to learners grammar mistakes. Hence, to master the similarities and differences comprehensively
18、 helps English grammars learning.3. The difficulties in learning English grammar The expert thinks that grammar learning is an important part of language learning. However, meanwhile, there exist numerous difficulties for learners to master it. 1) part of speech of the word and its summed usage The
19、words part of speech determines its own location, composition in the sentence to act as and it can be modified by which words or phrases. The part of speech is the first step of English grammar learning.2) learning of the sentence sentence element is the specification used in various parts of speech
20、, which determines the subject, predicate, object, attributive, adverbial, complement, predicative and appositive ,by which words, phrases, or sentences to act as and the location in the sentence is the essential basis of our reading, writing and intercommunication and has an irreplaceable role in E
21、nglish learning. 3) the tense and voice There is an English experts have said sentence element, tense and voice unified in sentence in English which shows its importance. Sentence is divided into simple sentences, the compound and complex sentences, and the compound is composed of coordinating conju
22、nction and simple sentence together. While subordinate Clause is made up of subordinate conjunctions and simple sentence. It is not difficult to see that simple sentence learning is the basis of sentence learning.4. The methods of learning English grammar4.1 The previous methods of learning English
23、grammar There are some milestones which chart the journey in the development of learning English methodology through recent history in which a language item is grammar learned in various approaches which have their own positive and negative aspects. Yet, it is necessary to have a review of all the a
24、pproaches in order that we can understand more clearly about the development and the history of grammar learning and each approachs aspects as well. 4.1.1 The Grammar -Translation Method The Grammar Translation Method is one of the most traditional methods, dating back to the late nineteenth and ear
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