最新四六级翻译常考语法点Translation幻灯片.ppt
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1、四六级翻译常考语法点四六级翻译常考语法点TranslationTranslationv3) The earth _(是月球大小的49倍). vis 49 times the size of the moon (考点:倍数 + 名词) v4) The landlord _(想将租金提高三分之一). vwants to raise the rent by a third (考点:动词 + by + 数词/百分比/倍数) v5) They _(计划将投资增加一倍).vplan to double their investment (考点:double + 名词) v五、虚拟语气1) I wish _
2、(我年轻的时候有你们这样的机会). vI had had your opportunities when I was young (考点:I wish后的that从句中用过去完成式表示过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望)v2) If only _(他知道这病是可以治好的)! Then he would not have killed himself. vhe had known this disease is curable (考点:If only 引导的感叹句表示“但愿”或“要是就好了”,用法与 I wish基本相同) v3) Would you like him to paint your d
3、oor with yellow stars? Id rather he _(漆成蓝色的,而且不带任何装饰). vpainted it blue, and without any decorations (考点:would rather 后的that从句中用过去式表示不是事实)v4) Its high time that _(采取措施解决交通堵塞的问题). vmeasures were taken to solve the problem of traffic jams (考点:Its (about/high) time 后的that从句中用过去式,表示“该是的时候了”)v5) Hugh usu
4、ally talks _(仿佛在大会上发表演说似的). vas though he were delivering a speech at an assembly(考点:as if / as though引导的从句中用过去式表示和现在事实相反或对现在情况有所怀疑) v6) We insist that _(让杰克立刻进医院). vJack (should) be sent to hospital right now(考点:表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词所接的宾语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式) v7) It was advised that _(在居
5、民区设立更多的流动商店). more mobile shops (should) vbe set up in the residential area(考点:表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词所接的主语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式) v8) His proposal was that _(他们成立一个专门委员会来检查这个问题). vthey (should) set up a special board/committee to examine this problem(考点:表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的名词所接的表语从句通常用“(that) sb
6、. (should) do”的虚拟形式)v9) We are going to discuss his suggestion that _(取消期中考试). vthe mid-term exams (should) be canceled (考点:表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的名词所接的同位语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式)v表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词及其名词常见的有:advise (advice), agree (agreement), decide (decision), decree, demand, determine (determi
7、nation), grant, indicate (indication), insist (insistence), order, prefer (preference), propose (proposal), request, require (requirement), resolve (resolution), stipulate (stipulation), suggest (suggestion), urge, vote;常见的这类动词还有:allow, arrange, ask, beg, concede, demonstrate, ensure, intend, move,
8、pledge, pray等 v10) It is ridiculous that _(我们在一个总是下雨的国家还缺水).vwe (should) be short of water in a country where it is always raining(考点:在It is/was +形容词后的that从句中常用“sb. should do”的形式表示建议惊奇等。v这类形容词常见的有:advisable, anxious, appropriate, compulsory, crucial, desirable, eager, essential, fitting, imperative,
9、 important, impossible, improper, natural, necessary, obligatory, preferable, proper, urgent, vital, willing等 v11) It is essential that _(每个人都为紧急情况做好准备). veveryone (should) be prepared for emergency (考点:同上) v12) _(如果他按照我告诉他的办法订票), we would have had quite a comfortable journey.vIf he had booked ticke
10、ts in the way I told him(考点:在非真实条件句中用过去完成式表示与过去的事实相反) v13) I was to have made a speech _(要不是有人把我的话打断了).vif I had not been interrupted (考点:同上) v14) It didnt rain last night. _(要是下了,地就会湿的). vIf it had rained, the ground would be wet(考点:在非真实条件句中,当主句与从句表示的动作不是同时发生时,就根据情况用适当的谓语动词形式) v15) _(如果我一直住在纽约), I
11、would know the U.S. well now.vIf I had been living in New York(考点:同上) v16) If the doctor had not come in time, _(他现在就不在人间了). vhe would be dead now(考点:同上) v17) But for his help, _(我们就不会以这么低的价格租到房子了). vwe could not have rent a house at such a low price(考点:but for经常作为非真实条件句中if的代用语) v18) I used my calcu
12、lator; _(否则,我会花更长的时间才能算出这道题).votherwise, it would have taken me more time to work out this question(考点:otherwise也经常作为非真实条件句中if的代用语) v19) Were I in your place, _(我会毫不犹豫地抓住机会). vI would seize the opportunity without hesitation (考点:在非真实条件句中如果有were, had, should这三个词,可以省去if,采用主谓语倒装的形式来表示条件) v20) Had it no
13、t been for their opposition, _(这项法案早就通过了). vthis act would have been passed much earlier(考点:同上) v21) Should there be another world war, _(人类的继续存在就会有危险). vthe continued existence of the human race would be in jeopardy(考点:同上) v22) He walked lightly _(以免惊醒婴儿).vlest he should awaken the baby(考点:lest (以免
14、)引导的从句通常用sb. should do的形式表示虚拟)v六、不定式1) It was a great achievement _(10个月建成一栋24层的楼). vto complete a 24-story building in 10 months (考点:不定式作主语时常用it作形式主语放在句首代替不定式,而将不定式移到谓语后面) v2) It is necessary _(我们在考试前好好地睡一晚上觉). vfor us to have a good nights sleep before the test(考点:有时用“介词for + 代词/名词”来表示不定式的逻辑主语,这时整
15、句的谓语描述的对象是事情,这种情况下谓语中常用的形容词有:necessary, important, possible, impossible, all right, essential等) v3) It is generous _(你把这么多钱捐给灾区人民). vof you to donate so much money to the people in the disaster area(考点:有时用“介词of + 代词/名词”来表示不定式的逻辑主语,这时整句的谓语描述的对象是人,这种情况下谓语中常用的形容词有:absurd, bold, brave, careful, careless
16、, cowardly, cruel, foolish, generous, good, honest, kind, nice, polite, rude, selfish, silly, stupid, thoughtful, thoughtless, wicked, wise, wrong等) v4) The teacher decided _(不惩罚那些上课迟到的学生). vnot to punish those students who had been late for classv(考点:1. 用不定式结构作decide的宾语;2.不定式的否定形式是在to前加not)(能带不定式作宾
17、语的动词常见的有:afford, agree, ask, attempt, beg, begin, bother, care, choose, claim, consent, decide, demand, desire, dislike, endeavor, expect, fail, fear, forget, happen, hate, help, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, like, love, manage, mean, neglect, offer, plan, pledge, prefer, prepare, pretend, promise,
18、 refuse, remember, resolve, start, threaten, undertake, venture, volunteer, vow, want, wish) v5) Mr. Green was wondering _ (是否去看望在法国的儿子). v whether to visit their son in France(考点:“疑问词+不定式”作动词wonder的宾语。能以这种结构作宾语的动词通常有ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, forget, guess, know, learn, observe, reme
19、mber, see, tell, understand, wonder等) 6) The gardener _(刚才警告我不要在中午给花浇水). vwarned me just now not to water flowers at noon(考点:不定式作宾语补语) v7) We _(请他给我们做有关现代艺术的讲座). vinvited him to give us a lecture on modern art(考点:同上)(能带不定式结构作宾语补语的动词有advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, challenge, command, compel, enable,
20、 determine, encourage, expect, feel, find, force, get, hate, have, hear, help, inform invite, let, like, make, mean, need, notice, notify, oblige, order, permit, persuade, remind, request, require, see, send, teach, tell, tempt, trouble, urge, want, warn, watch, wish等。注:划线的动词后面的不定式不带to) v8) He feels
21、 it challenging _(在这么大一所大学做学生会主席). vto be the chairman of students union in so large a university(考点:动词 + it + 形容词/名词 + 不定式。it是形式宾语,不定式是真正宾语) v9) We hope to have more opportunities _(把我们在课堂上学到的东西应用于实践). vto apply what we have learned in class to practice(考点:不定式作定语)(不定式常用作以下名词/代词的定语:ability, ambition
22、, anything, attempt, capability, chance, curiosity, desire, decision, determination, effort, failure, intention, need, nothing, opportunity, place, plan, promise, reason, right, something, tendency, time, way, wish等) v10) The bad weather _(破坏了我们在露天放电影的计划). v ruined our plan to show the film in the o
23、pen air (考点:同上) v11) The environmentalists are against _(在郊区建一座核电站的决定). vthe decision to build a nuclear power station in the suburbs (考点:同上) v12) Sally Ride was the first _(探索外部空间的美国妇女). vAmerican woman to explore the outer space(考点:由only, last, next,序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式作定语) v13) They lifted a rock
24、 _(结果砸了自己的脚). v only to drop it on their own feet(考点:不定式作结果状语) v14) He was surprised _(在这个山村遇见一个中学同学). v to meet a high school classmate in the mountain village (考点:不定式作原因状语) v15) I am sorry _(占用了您这么多时间). vto have taken up so much of your time(考点:1. 不定式作原因状语;2. 不定式的完成时) v16) I happened _(在他冲进来的时候站在门
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