6定语从句(二).ppt
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1、语法难点突破之六语法难点突破之六 定语从句(二)定语从句(二) 语法专题突破语法专题突破什么是定语?指出下面句子的定语什么是定语?指出下面句子的定语Guilin is a beautiful city.China is a developing country.There are 30 woman teachers in our school.His rapid progress in English made ussurprised.Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.以上句子中的定语都有单词或短语充当,以上句子中的定
2、语都有单词或短语充当,但如果是复杂的定语就应用定语从句但如果是复杂的定语就应用定语从句如:住在我们学校的那个老人是个退休工人如:住在我们学校的那个老人是个退休工人The old man who lives in our school is a retired woker.我哥哥昨天买的那本书非常有趣我哥哥昨天买的那本书非常有趣The book which my brother bought yesterday ie very interesting.二、定语从句的种类二、定语从句的种类定语从句定语从句The Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定语从句限制性定语从
3、句The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句My brother who lives in the USA has 6 children.My brother, who lives in the USA, has 6 children.限定性定语与非限定性定语从句的区别限定性定语与非限定性定语从句的区别从形式,连接词,用途从形式,连接词,用途基础知识回顾基础知识回顾: 定语从句关系词定语从句关系词及其意义及其意义关系代词:关系代词: 关系副词关系副词 who,whom ,whose,which, that ,aswhen, wh
4、ere ,whyWho 指人,在句中作主语或宾语指人,在句中作主语或宾语The boy who is standing under the tree is our monitor.Whom指人,在句中作宾语,常可省略指人,在句中作宾语,常可省略Whose通常指人,也可指物,在句中作定语通常指人,也可指物,在句中作定语The boy whom I spoke to just now isadmitted to a famous university. That is the boy whose mother is a disabled women.The room whose windows f
5、ace south is our dorm.Which指物,在句中作主语或宾语,常可省略指物,在句中作主语或宾语,常可省略Did you see the letter which came today?This is the book which I told you about.That 既可指人也可指物,在句中作主语或宾语,既可指人也可指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略作宾语时常可省略1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together.2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.3.I
6、went to the place _I worked ten years ago.4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago.5.This is the reason _ he was late.6.This is the reason _ he gave. when /in whichwhichwhere/ in whichwhichwhy/ for whichthat/which关系副词关系副词when,where,why及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词 1.that与与which的区别的区别 2.对对the way的考
7、查的考查 3.介词介词+关系词关系词 1.对对where的考查的考查 2.as的使用的使用 3.综合考查综合考查考点考点难点难点1) Do you have anything _ you dont understand?2) The only thing _ we can do is to give you some advice.3) Who is the man _ is standing there?4) Her bag, in _ she put all her money, has been stolen.5) She heard a terrible noise, _ brough
8、t her heart into her mouth.thatthatthatwhichwhich考点考点1:that 与与 which1:先行词是先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等等不定代词或不定代词或 由不定代词由不定代词any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all等等修饰时修饰时, 引导定语从句用引导定语从句用that不用不用 which。2:先行词被形容词:先行词被形容词最高级最高级或或序数词序数词修饰且指物时修饰且指物时, 引导定语从句用引导定语
9、从句用that 。3: 先行词中先行词中既既有人又有事物有人又有事物时,引导定语从句用时,引导定语从句用 that 。4:先行词被先行词被the very, the only,the last等修饰且指物时等修饰且指物时,引导定语从句用引导定语从句用that。5:当先行词前面:当先行词前面有有who/which等疑问代词等疑问代词时,只用时,只用 that。填上合适的关系词并分析原因填上合适的关系词并分析原因:1.The way _he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 2.The way _he exp
10、lained to us was quite simple.that/ which/不填不填that/in which/不填不填缺状语缺状语缺宾语缺宾语考点考点2:the way用做先行词用做先行词3. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it. (04湖北)湖北) A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which高考题链接:高考题链接:考点考点3:介词:介词+关系词关系词1. Do you know the boy _ _ your mother is
11、 talking?2. He gave me some novels _ _ I am not very familiar.3. I still remember the day _ _ I first got to Paris.5. (06浙江浙江) I was given three books on cooking, the first _I really enjoyed. A. of that B. of which C. that D. whichto whomwith whichon whichThis is the child whom/ that I will take car
12、e of.4. 译:这是我要照顾的小孩。译:这是我要照顾的小孩。介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 1The man whom you spoke was a scientist.The city which she lives is far away.toin考点考点3:介词:介词+关系词关系词介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 2The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away. to inAre these two sentences right?介词介词+关系
13、代词的情况关系代词的情况 2The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.toinAre these two sentences right?介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 2The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.toin Are these two sentences right?可见可见,who、that 不能用与介词之后不能用与
14、介词之后 介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 3Is this the watch that you are looking for?The old man whom I am looking after is better . 在固定短语中介词不能提前在固定短语中介词不能提前下面两句中的介词能提前吗下面两句中的介词能提前吗?关系代词前介词的确定关系代词前介词的确定1.1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系,请体会:根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系,请体会:e.g. Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles?2. 根据从
15、句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配,如:根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配,如:e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which Im sure.3. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯,请体会:根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯,请体会:e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded.关系代词前介词的确定关系代词前介词的确定4.4.非限制性定与从句中,要表示先行非限制性定与从句中,要表示先行词的一部分时,可用词的一部分时,可用“数词数词/ /代词代词 + + of + of + 关
16、系代词关系代词”的结构,如:的结构,如:e.g. There are 50 students in our class, two- thirds of whom have been to Beijing.关系代词前的介词的确定关系代词前的介词的确定5. Whose从句可转换为从句可转换为“ of +关系代词关系代词”型,如:型,如:e.g. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south. They lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south. They lived in
17、a house, the door of which open to the south.1. Do you like the book she spent $10? 2. Do you like the book she paid $10?3. Do you like the book she learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book she often talks? 5. He built a telescope he could study the skies.6. There is a tall tree outside, stands our te
18、acher.7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _ is the Yellow River.8. The tower _ people can have a good view is on the hill.9. The man _ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling.10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year
19、.on whichfor whichfrom whichabout whichthrough whichunder whichof whichfrom which to whomof which介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 练习练习1. Ive come to the point where I cant stand him.2. The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。国家正处在随时有
20、可能爆发战争的局势中。 where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是 表示地点的名词,但也有特殊情况。表示地点的名词,但也有特殊情况。难点一:难点一:where的用法的用法解析:解析:如果定语从句分别修饰如果定语从句分别修饰point, situation, degree, 和和case等表示抽象意义的词,常用等表示抽象意义的词,常用where 引导,意思引导,意思是是“到了某种地步,在某种境况中到了某种地步,在某种境况中” 。注意注意1 11.We are trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down
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