2022年高中英语介词知识点大汇总情况,推荐文档 .pdf
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1、实用文档文案大全高中英语介词知识点大汇总介词的英语全称为“ preposition”是由“前缀 pre- (在前部) +position(位置)”构成的,所以又叫前置词。一般放在名词、代词或动名词的前面。介词是虚词,主要用来表示人、物、事件等与其他人、物、事件之间的关系, 如空间位置、时间先后、因果关系、方式方法等。介词与其宾语构成介词短语。可作介词宾语的主要有名词、代词、动名词(或动名词短语)、名词性从句等。一. 介词的分类分类特点例词简单介词即一个介词about, across, after, against, among, around, at, below, beyond, durin
2、g, in, on 等等。合成介词由两个介词构成的合成词into, onto, throughout, upon, within 短语介词由短语构成according to, because of, instead of, up to, due to, owing to, thanks to等等。双重介词由两个介词搭配而成from among, from behind, from under, till after, in between 等等。分词介词由现在分词转化而来considering(就而论 ), including,regarding ,concerning 等。名师资料总结 -
3、- -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页,共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 实用文档文案大全兼类介词由形容词直接转化而来like, unlike, near, next, opposite等等。二. 介词短语的语法功能介词不能独立在句中做成份,介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成分,表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。介词短语的功能例句作定语They didn t find the solution to the problem. 作
4、状语We have breakfast at seven. (表时间)They were late for the meeting because of the heavy rain.(表原因)What do you mean by doing such a thing?(表方法)Nothing in the world could live without air or water.(表条件)作表语When I paid a visit to you yesterday, you were not at home. 作宾语补足语I found the old building in a ba
5、d condition. 三. 表示相同或相似概念的介词(短语)的区别表示的概念介词(短语)区别例子名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页,共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 实用文档文案大全时间in on at at 在一个时间点上;in 在一段时间之内;on 在具体某一天或具体的上午、下午、晚上。at 8 oclock, at noon in the 1990s, in January on Monday, on a warm morning sin
6、ce from since 指从过去到现在的一段时间,和完成时连用;from 指从时间的某一点开始。We have not seen each other since 1995. I hope to do morning exercises from today. in, after in 指在一段时间之后,用于一般将来时,也可以指一段时间之内 =within ;after表示某一具体时间点之后, 用于一般过去时。We ll be back in three days.After seven the rain began to fall. in the end at the end of by
7、 the end of in the end作“最后”、“终于”解,单独作句子成分,后不接介词of ;at the end of 表示“在末梢”,“到尽头”,既可指时间,也可以指地上或物体。不可单独使用;by the end of 作“在结束时”,“到末为止”解,只能指时间。不可单独In the end they reached a place of safety. At the end of the road stands a beautiful garden. They decided to have an English evening at the end of this week.
8、By the end of last month he had finished 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页,共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 实用文档文案大全使用。the novel. 位置between among 一般说来, between 表示两者之间;among用于三者或三者以上之间。You are to sit between your father and me. He is always happy among his cl
9、assmates. 注意:但有时说的虽然是三个以上的人或东西,强调的是两两相互间接关系时、在谈到一些事物或一组事物, 而把它们视为分居两边时以及在谈事物间的差别时,要用between。Agreements were made between the different countries. The little valley lies between high mountains. They dont know the difference between wheat, rice and coin. in on to in 表示在某范围内;on 指与什么毗邻;to 指在某范围之外。Changc
10、hun is in the northeast of China. Mongolia is on the north of China. Japan is to the east of China. on in on 只表示在某物的表面上, 而用 in 表示占去某物一部分。There is a book on the piece of paper. There is an interesting article in the newspaper. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - -
11、- - 第 4 页,共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 实用文档文案大全 He dug a hole in the wall. in into in 通常表示位置(静态);into 表示动向,不表示目的地或位置。We walked in the park. We walked into the park. through across through 表示从内部通过,与in 有关;across 则表示从一端至另一端在表面上的通过,与on 有关。Water flows through the pipe. The old man walked across the street. i
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