高考英语七选五任务型阅读解题方略.ppt
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1、“七选五”阅读填空解题方略高考新题型高考大纲要求试题模式:给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章,对应有七个选项,要求同学们根据文章结构、内容,选出正确的句子,填入相应的空白处。考查重点:主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。(考试说明)选项特点:主旨概括句(文章整体内容) 过渡性句子(文章结构) 注释性句子(上下文逻辑意义)讲究内容的统一性讲究段落的连贯性讲究段内的关联性讲究句句衔接的自然性7选5阅读填空语篇特点分析篇章结构,把握全篇文脉是阅读填空题解题的关键。分析文章的层次包含两种形式:一种是分析整篇文章的层次,也就是段落。另一种是分析每一个段落内部的层次,也就是语段层次。
2、句际间意义句间关联词段落 语段篇章结构类题解题技巧通读整篇文章,理清文章结构和中心;根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略。 如果问题设在段首:总分 通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容,根据段落一致性原则,查找同义词或其他相关的词,推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句,了解大意知主题。 如果问题设在段尾:分总通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词,如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语,选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。_ Every day ,wh
3、en she comes back home from work, she sets about doing housework, sweeping the living room and bedrooms or cleaning the furniture, and putting everything in order. She seems to be busy all the time. Mother never buys expensive dresses for herself, but she often buys some inexpensive but high quality
4、 clothes for us.A. She enjoys listening to class music.B. She never goes to expensive restaurants to enjoy meals.C. My mother is hardworking and never wastes money.D. As a mother, she takes good care of us and gives us every comfort.总分结构语义链:每一个句子都要包含一些和上下句相似或有关的东西。细节类题型解题技巧1复现语言粘连衔接手段: 词汇3上下义2同义/反义4
5、具体/笼统5语义场Everybody gets stressed from time to time. 71 Some ways of dealing with stress - like screaming or hitting someone - dont solve much. But other ways, like talking to someone you trust, can lead you to solving your problem or at least feeling better. C. Different people feel stress in differ
6、ent ways. Kids health: Four steps for fighting stress人称照应同词复现近义暗示 On the other hand ,the advantages of going overseas may include day-to- day opportunities to learn a new culture, meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language, and chances to see different parts of the world. _ Tho
7、se disadvantages include expense, time away from ones school, family,A.The following are its advantages.B.However, there may be a number of disadvantages.C.Consider a distance education.D.Most of us are adapted to studying at school.同词复现反义暗示转折关系1照应语言粘连衔接手段: 语法2省略3替代4连接By 2020, Dr. David Davis believ
8、es, car technology will give motorists a clear view of the road, whatever the weather conditions, by projecting an image of the road ahead on to the cars windscreen. _Cars will be connected by an electronic tow bar (牵引杠)牵引杠)to the car in front to form “roadtrains”.A.Every driver will use less fuel i
9、n the car he owns.B.The car will automatically speed up, or slow down, to match the speed of the car in front.C.And it will not be owned by one individual.D.And by 2030, cars will travel in line, linked to each other electronically.句式照应Talk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives. 72
10、 They might have had similar problems, such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet. F. And dont forget about your friends.Kids health: Four steps for fighting stress句式照应人称照应_ It is a very happy day for many boys and girls. Before the terms ends in some schools, the children act a nati
11、vity(基督诞生)(基督诞生)or “birth” play, showing how Jesus was born in a stable(马厩)马厩).A. People are often busy going shoppingB. Now the Chinese people also celebrate Christmas.C. The turkey or chicken is quickly eaten.D. Christmas Day falls on the twentyfifty of December.指示照应近义暗示That happens in the 1980s.
12、And, most recently, she says many kinds of people have joined the movement. _ They represent many races, regions and political beliefs.A.They are mainly rich peopleB.Parents choose homeschooling for several reasons.C.Most often, their parents are their teachers.D.She says these include rich people a
13、nd poor people.句式照应人称照应近义暗示The logical connections逻辑衔接:语段的语际关系并列 递进概括 归纳顺序 因果解释 例证转折 对比并列或顺序 First(ly), second(ly), third(ly), ; first, then/next, ; in the first place, in the second place; for one thing, for another thing, ; to begin with, then/next, after that, finally/last, last but not least 等。等
14、。递进关系 too, either, neither, also, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, whats more, in addition, as well, to make matters worse, worse still, likewise, similarly, notbut, not onlybut also等。等。解释说明 in fact/as a matter of fact/ actually, in other words/that is to say 等。等。转折对比 but, however, yet, alth
15、ough/while/though, or/otherwise, on the contrary, instead, nevertheless, still, unfortunately, despite, in spite of, at any rate, in any case, on the contrary, in contrast/comparison, by contrast/comparison, conversely , otherwise等等因果关系 so/therefore, thus, hence, accordingly, consequently, as a resu
16、lt (of), so/suchthat, so that等。等。 in short, in brief, in summary, generally speaking, in general, to conclude, in conclusion, in a word, on the whole, to sum up概括归纳1.Your suggestion is thoughtful. _, it is practical. _, it is a good suggestion.2.The village used to be very poor. _, it has changed a
17、lot since 1978.3.Red is attractive. Many restaurants, _, have red furniture or walls.4.I didnt go to the party with them. _, I went to help an old lady with her housework.5.As a popular saying goes, “Time is money.” _, time is more precious than money.Fill in logical connections between sentencesIn
18、a wordHoweverthereforeInstead MoreoverIn fact 6. This village used to be very poor. However, it has changed a lot since 1998 and has been developing very fast. People here live a much better life than before. In the past, the school here was very small and most children couldnt afford to go to schoo
19、l. But now the newly built teaching building is the most beautiful one in the village. Whats more, all the school-age children here can enjoy free education. _, the village has changed a lot in the past few years. I believe people here will live a better and better life.In a word 7. When we talk abo
20、ut the word “love”, we do not simply mean an attraction between a young man and a girl. _, throughout history people of many different cultures have regarded love as the noblest feeling of human beings.As a matter of fact 8. As can be seen from the pie chart, more than half of the students surveyed
21、hold a positive view for the reason that it will lead to the recycling of resources and its beneficial for us to develop the habit of classifying rubbish. _, those who are against the idea occupy 31% of all. They strongly disagree with it due to the trouble it will cause to define what kind of garba
22、ge it belongs to, and they dont bother to change their old habits.On the contrary_ Some choose it because of their religious beliefs. Others say it provides more time for the family to be together. They say home offers a better place for learning. Some parents.A. So a number of parents began home-sc
23、hoolingB. Home schooling is not accepted by all the peopleC. Parents choose home schooling for several reasonsD. Most often, their parents are their teachers人称照应因果暗示 A. So, whats a good sleep? B. A bedtime drink can also help C. Having a good sleep will keep you lively the whole day. This could be w
24、atching TV or listening to music. Doing some exercises earlier in the day should help you feel physically as well as mentally tired ._However, coffee or tea should be avoided as they contain caffeine and will keep you awake.句式照应让步转折因果关系主旨大意把握好 读懂选项更重要关键信息相匹配 核查排除不可少 速读全文,理清文章结构,了解大意知主题。 抓住段落大意,理清句际关
25、系(意义、衔接)。浏览七个选项,抓住各中关键词,注意衔接手段及上下文构成的逻辑关系,结合排除法初步确定选项(形意结合,瞻前顾后,先易后难)。代入选项,复核层次划分有无错误,语义是否连贯。分析干扰项,确定排除理由(依据主旨、衔接和关键词) 。解题步骤与技巧u 主旨概括句要么过于宽泛、要么以偏概全、或偏离主题;u 过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构;u 注释性句子与上文脱节等。干扰项特点Muzak举例子、列数字、做比较说明文 文章体裁: 说明对象: 说明方法:【2010-北京卷】任务型阅读The next time you go into a bank, a store, or a supermar
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