外贸英文制单1-2章(Documentation for Foreign只是课件.ppt
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1、外贸英文制单1-2章(DocumentationforForeign2.Features of export documents (1)Datamationof commoditiesModernbusinessissymbolicdelivery.Afterthesellerhasdeliveredthegoods,hemustpresentthedocuments(titletothegoods)tothebankforfulfillmentofbusinesscontract.Ontheotherhand,thebuyershouldeffectthepaymentforgettingt
2、hedocumentsinordertotakedeliveryatportofdestination.Themainreasonisthatthedocumentsrepresenttheactualgoods.Generallyspeaking,allexportdocumentsinvolvestwofunctions,suchasonepossessingcommodityattributesorrepresentingcommodityvalue,packingandquality,orpresentingthequantityandplaceoforigin.Theothersac
3、tascurrencyattributes,ordirectlyusedforthefunctionofpayment.(2)commercializationofcommodity Internationaltrademeansthetransactionofdocumentssothatthesellerandthebuyerdobusinessthroughthedeliveryofdocumentsagainstpaymentbyforeignexchange.3.Documents are the basis for international paymentAmongmoderni
4、ntltrade,documentscantbesubstitutedforbyanyotherthings.Afterthesellerhasfulfilledhisobligationtodeliver,heshouldpresentrequireddocumentstobankforhispayment.Withoutqualifieddocumentsrequiredbybusinesscontractordocumentarycredits,thesellerwouldnotgettherelevantpaymentfromissuingbank.Section 2 The posi
5、tion of documentation in export trade 1.Using documents exchange as the way for transactionIntltradereferstotheexchangeofgoodsandproceedsbetweenthebuyerandtheselleracrosscountriesboundaries.Now,documentarycreditsandcollectionhavebecomethemainmeansforexchangeofgoodsandproceeds.Withoutdocuments,therew
6、ouldbenointltrade.2.The principle for banks checking documents Sincethebuyerandthesellerarelocatedindifferentcountries,goodsanddocumentscannotbedirectlyexchanged face to face.The In intl payment,theprinciple of payment is on basis of conformitybetweendocumentsandL/Candconformityamongvariousdocuments
7、.3.Documentation is essential to foreign tradeWithout documentation,there would be no intlpayment.If the seller wants to safely get thepayment,heshouldmakethedocumentsconformitywiththetermsandconditionsofL/C.Anydiscrepancymayleadtobanksdishonor.4.Legal papers for dealing with disputes and satisfying
8、 claimWhenthedocumentsareusedforintlpayment,thereisnodoubtthatsomedisputesmayoccur.Therefore,documentsarethelegalpapersforsettlingdisputesorsatisfyingclaims.Iftherewerenodocumentstocertifythefulfillmentofbusinesscontract,arbitrationtribunalorcourtwouldbedifficulttojudgewhowouldbedefeatedorwhowouldbe
9、thewinner.Section 3 The kinds of documents I.BusinessContract:Usedforstipulatingtherightsandobligationsofbothparties.1.SalesContract/SalesConfirmation2.PurchaseContract/PurchaseConfirmation3.Ordersorindentssentbythebuyer4.AgreementforbusinesstransactionII.Commercial Documents:Usedforstatingorcertify
10、ingdescriptionofcommodities.1CommercialInvoice2PackingList/WeightList/Weightmemo3InsurancePolicy/Certificate4TransportDocuments(a)OceanBillofLading(b)AirwayBill(c)RailwayBill/RailwayCargoReceipt/HighwayCargoReceipt(d)PostalReceiptIII.Financial Instruments:Usedforgettingthepaymentandpossessingcurrenc
11、yattributes.Normallytheycansubstituteforcashtoenterintocirculationfieldandaremoreconvinentthancash.1.BillofExchange2.Cheque/check3.PromissoryNote IV.Official Documents:Refertoallcertificatesissuedbygovernmentagentsorfolk organizations and are the authorized certificatesandplayveryimportantroleininte
12、rnationalpaymentorsettlement between the buyer and the seller acrosscountriesboundaries.1.InspectionCertificate2.CertificateofOrigin3.ExportLicense4.CustomsInvoice5.ConsularInvoice6.ConsularCertificateofOriginV.Other Certificates:Usedformeetingsomespecialrequirementsforintltradeactivities.1.Benefici
13、arysCertificate2.CopyofTelex/Fax/E-mail3.CertificateofVesselsNationality4.ItineraryCertificate5.CaptainsReceipt6.FreightReceiptSection 4 Basic requirements for documentationDocumentationshouldbedoneasper“conformitybetweentheL/Canddocuments”;“conformityamongdifferentdocuments”and“conformitybetweenthe
14、documentsandcargoes”.SinceL/C business is purely the document business,the banksguaranteeforpaymenttobeneficiaryisonlyonthebasisofthecompletenessandcorrectnessofdocumentssubmitted.Itmeansthatthebankonlycaresfordocumentsapparentconformityratherthantheactualsituationofcargoesdelivered.Therefore,itisse
15、lf-evidentthatalldocumentationshouldbedoneasperthreeconformities.I.Conformity between documents and terms of L/CItmeansthatthecontentsmentionedindocumentsshouldbeexactlythesameasthatmentionedbyL/Csclauses,suchascommodityname,quantity,quality,shippingmarks,unitprice,packingmaterials,paymentterms,etc.
16、Meanwhile,thecontentsstipulatedbyL/Cshouldbedescribedonthesurfaceofallrequireddocuments.Forexample,TheEnglishnameonL/CisGunnyBags,thenameondocumentscannotbementionedas“JuteBags”.II.Conformity among documentsConformityamongdocumentsmeansthatalldocumentsshouldbekeptconformityforthesamebusiness,suchasc
17、ommodityname,quality,quantitypacking,shippingmarks,etc.Asperthearticle13ofUCP500,theinconsistencebetweendifferentdocumentsmeansinconsistentwiththestipulationsofL/C.III.Conformity between documents and cargoesConformitybetweendocumentsandcargoesmeansthatthe actual delivery of goods should be same asm
18、entionedin documents.Although it doesnt play an importantrole in international payment,it will make sense inlodgingaclaimwhenthequality,quantityorpackingarenotinconformitywiththestipualationinsalescontract.Therefore,the seller should keep exact conformitybetweendocumentsandcargoessoastoavoidanylegal
19、litigationsorbeaskedforarbitration.IV.Four requirements for documentation Itreferstothecorrectness,completeness,justintimeandtidy.1.Correctness:Itisthepre-reacquisitionforpayment.Withoutanyerrorsandwithperfectcorrection,itistheguaranteeforthesellertogetpaymentfromthebankorthebuyer.Anyerrorsinspellin
20、g,typingmaycauseabigtrouble for getting payment from the bank or thebuyer.Therefore,great care is necessary fordocumentation.2.Completeness:Itmeanscompletenessincontents,typesofdocuments,andcopiesofdocuments.Anymissingincontentsorlackofagivendocumentmayleadtoseriousoutcome,eitherdishonoring from the
21、 bank or pay a fine forincompleteness.3Just in time:Itmeansthatdocumentationshouldpayattentiontoshipmentdate;presentationperiodfordocumentsandthevalidityofL/C.Themostimportantthingistocarefor(1)thedateofissuingdocumentsshouldbelogical,e.g.thedateofinsuranceandinspectioncertificateshouldbeearlierthan
22、OceanBillofLading.ThedateofB/LshouldbeearlierthanthelatestshipmentdatestipulatedinL/C.(2)Thepresentationofdocumentsshouldbewithintheperiodfordocumentspresentation.4.Tidy:Alldocumentsshouldbetidyorcleanwithoutmodificationsonthesurfaceorthecontentsindetail.Rightnow,alldocumentscanbemadeout by computer
23、s.Therefore,clean and tidydocuments are essential for internationalpayment.Section 5 The fulfillment of export contract Thefulfillmentofbusinesscontractnormallycoversfourlinks such as:cargoes;L/C;ship or booking shippingspaceandpayment.InChinese,itmeans货、证、船、款。Eachlinkiscrucialtosuccessfulconductbus
24、inessbetween the buyer and the seller.Any mistakes ornegligence ineachlinkwillbethedisasterforthesellertogetpaymentfromthebankorthebuyer.I.Preparing the goods 1.Preparing the goodsItmeanstomakethegoodsreadyasperthebusinesscontractorL/C,suchasthequality,quantityandpackingetc.Asweknow,anydiscrepancies
25、betweenthegoodsandstipulationinsalecontractwillleadtodishonoringfromthebankorthebuyer.Requirements for preparing the goods:(1)Quality should be the same as the stipulation in business contract and L/C.(2)Quantity should meet the requirements of business contract and L/C.It is important for the selle
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