口译(教育)讲课稿.ppt
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1、口译口译(教育教育)Chinas Educational SystemChinas Educational SystemvFourparts:v(1)basiceducationv(2)occupational/polytechniceducationv(3)commonhighereducationv(4)adulteducationChinas Educational SystemChinas Educational SystemvBasiceducationv(1)pre-schooleducationv(2)primary/elementaryschooling(6years)v(3)
2、juniorhighschooling(3years)v(4)seniorhighschooling(3years)Chinas Educational SystemChinas Educational SystemvCommonhighereducationv4parts:vjuniorcollegeprogram(2-3years)vbachelorsprogram(4years)(medicalandsomeengineeringandtechnicalprograms5years)vmastersprogram(2-3years)vdoctoralprograms(3years)Chi
3、nas Educational SystemChinas Educational Systemv thegovernmentasthemajorinvestorandsocialpartnersasco-investors.vlocalgovernmentsatorundermunicipallevels:compulsoryeducationvcentralandprovincialgovernments:highereducationvTheMinistryofEducation(MOE)isthesupremeorganofeducationadministrationinChina.T
4、heeducationsysteminUKv1).pre-primaryschooling(uptoage5)nurseryschools(托儿所托儿所),daycare(托儿所的日托托儿所的日托),orplaygroupsv2).primaryschooling(5-11,6years)v3).secondaryschooling(11-around19,7years)vA.comprehensiveschoolsv90%;vadmitchildrenwithoutreferencetotheiracademicabilitiesandprovideageneraleducation,fro
5、macademicsubjectslikeliteraturetomorepracticalsubjectslikecooking)vB.grammarschoolsva).anexaminationcalled“the11-plus”vb).layemphasisonadvancedacademicsubjectsvc).stillcommoninNorthernIrelandvafter5yearsofsecondaryschooling,ataboutage16,exceptScottishstudents,thestudentssittheirGCSEexams(GeneralCert
6、ificateofSecondaryEducation)中学毕业证书中学毕业证书考试考试vthentheycan:vquitschool;vorpreparetosituniversityentranceexams;vstudyforafurther2yearsandthensitA-levelsexams(GeneralCertificateofEducation-Advanced高级水平测试高级水平测试结业证书结业证书)vorconcentrateonvocationaltrainingvGNVQs(GeneralNationalVocationalQualifications国家专国家专
7、业资格证书业资格证书):thevocationalequivalentofA-levelsv4).highereducationvonlyoneprivatelyfundeduniversity:theUniversityofBuckinghamvoldestuniversities:vEnglandOxford(12thC.)andCambridge(13thC.)vScotland:StAndrews,Glasgow,EdinburghandAberdeen(阿伯丁阿伯丁)from14thand15thcenturiesvpolytechnics(多科性理工学院多科性理工学院)vOpenU
8、niversityEducation System in AmericavEducationintheU.Sisviewedasanationalconcern,astateresponsibility,andalocalfunction.vUndertheU.SConstitution,thefederalgovernmenthasnopowertomakelawsinthefieldofeducation;instead,eachstateisfullyresponsiblewithinitsownterritory.vStateslaydowngeneralprinciples,andl
9、ocalcommunityboardsofeducationprovideandmanageschools.The Educational LadderKindergartenElementary schoolHigh schoolCollege Americans view their public school system as an educational ladder:Pre-College Early Childhood EducationPreschools Primary school,Elementary School vstartschoolat the age of fi
10、ve years.vThefirstyear-kindergarten.ItisrequiredofallAmericanchildrenenrolled.vThesecondyear-the first year of primary school -first grade.vPrimaryschoolmostcommonlyconsistsoffiveyearsofeducation-first through fifth grades.Primaryschool Secondary school All school systems in the US have 12 years of
11、elementary,middle school and senior high school.+Elementary schoolHigh school6 yearsSenior high schoolJunior high school4 years2 yearsJunior high school:A difficult period for many children due to the onset of puberty 青春期vpublichighschools:financedbypublicfunds,freetoallstudents,evenforeigners.vPriv
12、atehighschools:privatelyoperatedandfinanced,notcontrolledbyanygovernmentagency,buttheirstudentsmuststillmeettheminimumgraduationrequirementssetbythestate.Studentsmustpaytuition.vPrivatehighschoolsarepopularbecausetheyofferoptionsthatarenotavailableatpublichighschoolslikeadvancedmath&sciencecourses,a
13、broaderselectionofforeignlanguages,&betterart,music&athleticprograms.Secondary school Undergraduate schoolUndergraduate school Graduate school UndergraduateschoolvTheseareschoolsthatoffereitheratwo-yeardegree(calledanassociatesdegree)orafour-yeardegree(calledabachelorsdegree)inaspecificcourseofstudy
14、.Thatcourseofstudyiscalledthe major.vWhilemostschoolsthatofferafour-yeardegreewilladmitstudentswhohavenotyetchosenamajor,allstudentsarerequiredtoselect a major by their second year at school.vStudentswhocompleteanassociatedegreecancontinuetheireducationatafour-yearschoolandeventuallycompleteabachelo
15、rsdegree.vTheypursuetwotypesofdegrees:thefirstisamastersdegree.Thisisusuallyatwo-yeardegreethatishighlyspecializedinaspecificfield.Studentsaresometimesadmittedtoamastersdegreeprogramonlyiftheyhaveabachelorsdegreeinacloselyrelatedfield.Thesecondisadoctoratedegree.Studentswhowanttoadvancetheireducatio
16、nevenfurtherinaspecificfieldcanpursueadoctoratedegree,alsocalledaPHD.Graduate school There are four types of degrees:vAssociates(completionofaprograminaspecificcareerfield),vBachelors(conferredaftercompletionofanundergraduateprogram),vMasters(firstgraduatedegree)vDoctorate(secondgraduatedegreeandfin
17、aldegree).Associate Degrees:vA US associate degree is a 2-year degree.vThe three classes of US associate degrees offered :the associate of arts degree(A.A.degree)the associate of applied science degree(A.A.S.degree)the associate of science degree(A.S.degree).Bachelor Degree:vAbachelorsdegreeisthemos
18、ttraditionaldegree.Itrequiresatleastfouryearsbutnotmorethanfiveyearsoffull-timecollege-levelcoursework.vThetwomostcommonclassesawardedbyUSschools:thebachelorofsciencedegree(theB.S.)thebachelorofartsdegree(theB.A.).Master degreevTheUSmastersdegreeisagraduateschooldegreethattypicallyrequirestwoyearsof
19、full-timegraduateschoolcourseworktocomplete.vstudentsinamastersdegreeprogramwillcompletecoursesthatarehighlyfocusedintheirfieldofstudyMaster degreeMA=MasterofArtsMS=MasterofScienceMBA=MasterOfBusinessAdministrationMED(MasterofEducation)MFA(MasterofFineArts)Doctor degreevCompletionofaUSdoctoratedegre
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