2000-2012年历年考研英语真题+答案完美打印版(2013考研英语).docx
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1、2012考研英语(一)真题参考答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or Don ANSWER SHEET 1.( 10 points)The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices became an important issue recently. The court cannot its legitimacy as g
2、uardian of the rule of law justices behave like politicians. Yet, in severalinstances, justices acted in ways that the court s reputation for being independent and impartialoJustices Antonin Scalia and Samuel Alito Jr., for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes it less l
3、ikely that the court * s decisions will be as impartial judgments. Part of the problemis that the justices are not by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself tothe code of conduct that to the rest of the federal judiciary This and other cases the question of whether there is
4、still a between the court and politics The framers of the Constitution envisioned law having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions they would be free to those in power and have no need topolitical support. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics p
5、recisely because they are so closely Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social likeliberty and property. When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it is inescapably political- which is why decisions split along ideological lines are
6、 so easily as unjustoThe justices must doubts about the court s legitimacy by making themselves to the code ofconduct. That would make their rulings more likely to be seen as separate from politics and, convincing as lawo1 AemphasizeB maintainC modifyD recognize 2 A whenB bestC be fore D unles3 A re
7、nderedB weakenedC establishedD eliminated4 A challengedB compromisedC suspectedD accepted 5. A advancedB caught C boundD founded 6. A resistantB subjectC immuneD prone 7. A resortsB sticksC leadsD applies 8. A evadeB raiseC denyD settle 9. A lineB barrier C similarity D conflict 10. A byB asC throug
8、hD towards 11. A soB sinceC providedD though 12. A serveB satisfyC upsetD replace 13. A confirm B express C cultivate D offer 14 A guardedB followedC studiedD tied15. A concepts B theories C divisions D conveniencel6. A excludes B questions C shapes D controlsl7. A dismissed B released C ranked D di
9、stortedl8. A suppress B exploitC addressD ignore 19. A accessibleB. amiableC agreeable D accountable20. A by all meansB at all costsC in a wordD as a resultSection II Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.
10、Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (40 points)Text 2 Pretty in pink: adult women do not remember being so obsessed with the colour, yet it is pervasive in our young girls lives. It is not that pink intrinsically bad, but it is a tiny slice of the rainbow and, though it may celebrate girlhood in one
11、 way, it also repeatedly and firmly fused girls identity to appearance. Then it presents that connection, even among two-year-olds, between girls as not only innocent but as evidence of innocence. Looking around, despaired at the singular lack of imagination about girls 1 ives and interestSoGirls* a
12、ttraction to pink may seem unavoidable, somehow encoded in their DNA, but according to Jo Paoletti, an associate professor of American Studies, it*s not. Children were not colour-coded at all until the early 20th century: in the era before domestic washing machines all babies wore white as a practic
13、al matter, since the only way of getting clothes clean was to boil them. What*s more, both boys and girls wore what were thought of as gender-neutral dresses. When nursery colours were introduced, pink was actually considered the more masculine colour, a pastel version of red, which was associated w
14、ith strength. Blue, with its intimations of the Virgin Mary, constancy and faithfulness, symbolised femininity. It was not until the mid-1980s, when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant children* s marketing strategy, that pink fully came into its own, when it began to seem innately
15、attractive to girls, part of what defined them as female, at least for the first few critical yearsI had not realised how profoundly marketing trends dictated our perception of what is natural to kids, including our core beliefs about their psychological development. Take the toddler. I assumed that
16、 phase was something experts developed after years of research into childrent s behaviour: wrong. Turns out, according to Daniel Cook, a historian of childhood consumerism, it was popularised as a marketing gimmick by clothing manufacturers in the 1930sTrade publications counselled department stores
17、 that, in order to increase sales, they should create a third stepping stone between infant wear and older kids, clothes. It was only after z,toddler became common shoppers, term that it evolved into a broadly accepted developmental stage. Splitting kids, or adults, into ever-tinier categories has p
18、roved a sure-fire way to boost profits. And one of the easiest ways to segment a market is to magnify gender differences - or invent them where they did not previously exist26 By saying *it is . The rainbow*(line 3, Para 1), the author means pink 0 A should not be the sole representation of girlhood
19、B should not be associated with girls* innocenceC cannot explain girls, lack of imaginationD cannot influence girls 1ives and interests27 According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is true of colours?A Colors are encoded in girls, DNA B Blue used to be regarded as the color for girlsC Pink use
20、d to be a neutral color in symbolizing gendersD White is preferred by babies28 The author suggests that our perception of childrens psychological devotement was much influenced by A the marketing of products for childrenB the observation of children, s natureC researches into chiIdren, s behaviorD s
21、tudies of chiIdhood consumption29 . We may learn from Paragraph 4 that department stores were advised A focuses on infant wear and older kidst clothesB attach equal importance to different gendersC classify consumers into smaller groups D create some common shoppers* terms 30. it can be concluded th
22、at girl* s attraction to pink seems to be A clearly explained by their inborn tendency B fully understood by clothing manufacturers C mainly imposed by profit-driven businessmenD well interpreted by psychological experts Part B Directions:For questions 41-45, choose the most suitable paragraphs from
23、 the list A-G and fill them into the numbered boxes to form a coherent text. Paragraph E has been correctly placed. There is one paragraph which does not fit in with the text. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Part C Directions:Read the fol lowing text carefully and then translate the
24、underl ined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. ( 10 points)Section III Writing Part A 51. Directions:You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the notice. Use Postgraduates Association instead. (10 poi
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