跨文化交际(UNIT8).ppt
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1、Review of Unit 71.WhatisM-TimeandP-Time?Whichdoyouthinkisthedominatingtimesysteminourculture?2.Whatistherightwayofdealingwithissuesofspaceandprivacyinaninterculturalenvironment?InterculturalCommunicationUnit8Cross-CulturalPerception Warm Up Please read the story on page 264 and fill in the blanks.Wh
2、at do you think of the story?&“I told the Englishman it was the 1sporting thing to do,and he jumped.I told the Frenchman it was 2chic;the German that it was a 3command;the Italian that it was 4forbidden;the Russian that it was 5revolutionary;so they all jumped overboard.”&“And how did you get the Am
3、erican to jump?”&“No problem,”said the captain,“I told him he was 6insured!”Of course,what the story tells us about people of those different nations can only be partially true at best and we must be aware of such overgeneralization and oversimplification in our perception of people of other culture
4、s.French Leave and Dutch Courage(p265-267)Do you know some terms and expressions in English that are formed with names of other nationalities?Danish pastry,Flemish bond,Irish stew,Italic handwriting,Portuguese man-or-war,Russian roulette,Spanish fly,Scotch pine,Swiss roll,Turkish delight and Welsh r
5、arebit;Belgian hare,Dutch barn,French letter,German measles,Greek gifts and Swedish drill.Among the English idioms mentioned in Reading I,some are emotionally“neutral”in that they only deal with“flora and fauna and products”that are not native to England.However,some other idioms may carry the Briti
6、sh cultural values and attitudes to other nations.French Leave and Dutch Courage(p265-267)Do you know some terms and expressions in English that are formed with names of other nationalities?For instance,idioms which are culturally neutral include:Danish pastry,Flemish bond,Irish stew,Italic handwrit
7、ing,Portuguese man-or-war,Russian roulette,Spanish fly,Scotch pine,Swiss roll,Turkish delight and Welsh rarebit.Idioms which are culturally loaded include:Belgian hare,Dutch barn,French letter,German measles,Greek gifts and Swedish drill.French Leave and Dutch Courage(p265-267)Many idioms concerning
8、 other nations suggest that the Britishs used to hold others in derision and contempt.But all those related to the British themselves indicate that the British used to view themselves in positive ways.Homework:Finish the Fill-in Task exercise(p268).What do they mean in the sentence?Fill-in Task(p268
9、)1.Excuse my French,but hes a bloody nuisance!2.The headmaster always talks to the pupils like a Dutch uncle.3.I dont understand this book at all,its all Greekto me!4.If you wanted me to go,why didnt you say so in plain English instead of making vague hints?5.Scratch a Russian,and youll find a Tarta
10、r.Do you understand what I mean?Fill-in Task(p268)6.Keep away from;his Irish is up.7.Ill have a couple of drinks to give me Dutch courage.8.Its good to see that old film star enjoying a(n)Indian summer with her second highly acclaimed film this year.9.Before she left,she said a final goodbye and giv
11、e him a long French kiss.10.The companies do not wish to Welsh on their debts to banker if though their business seems to be not good at the moment.Reading IIReadthearticle“EthnocentrismandEthnorelativism”(p272-276).1.What is ethnocentrism?Most other cultures are backward compared with my culture.My
12、 culture should be the role model for other cultures.Other cultures should try to be more like my culture.Most people from other cultures just dont know whats good or them.Most people would be happier if they lived like people in my culture.People in my culture have just about the best lifestyles of
13、 anywhere.Lifestyles in other cultures are not as valid as those in my culture.I do not cooperate with people who are different.Reading IIReadthearticle“EthnocentrismandEthnorelativism(p272-276)”.1.What is ethnocentrism?I do not trust people who are different.I dislike interacting with people from d
14、ifferent cultures.I have little respect for the values and customs of other cultures.Other cultures are smart to look up to my culture.Other people are much the same as my people.Our way of doing things is the only right way.Reading IIEthnocentrism is negatively judging aspects of another culture by
15、 the standards of ones own culture.It is the technical name for the view of things in which ones own group is the center of everything,and all others are scaled and rated with reference to it.It occurs when our nation is seen as the center of the world.In other words,it refers to our tendency to ide
16、ntify with our ingroup and to evaluate outgroups and their members according to its standard.Reading IIIt is not suggested that ethnocentrism is always deliberate.Often the expression of ethnocentrism is a function of how we are socialized.(see examples on p273)Ethnocentrism often is expressed in th
17、e way people draw their maps.People tend to draw maps of the world with their own country at the center and with other parts of the world depicted as peripheral.Ethnocentrism can all too easily lead to“us”versus“them”thought and language.The collective pronouns“us”and“them”become powerful influences
18、 on perception.The names given to“them”can be used to justify their suppression and even their extermination.(see the poem“We and They”on p280-281)Reading IIIt seems to be really impossible to eradicate ethnocentrism through education and intercultural exchange;however,they do help reduce the degree
19、 of ethnocentrism,a sort of natural tendency,for people live in the context of their culture so they can hardly get rid of their cultures influences on their thinking,behaving and way of living.What one needs to do is to develop the attitude of ethnorelativism.What is ethnorelativism?It is just oppo
20、site to the attitude of ethnocentrism;it is cultural relativism.It involves the view that all cultures are of equal value and the values and behaviors of a culture can only be judged using that culture as a frame of reference.Discovering Problemsthe stereotyped images of different cultures in the US
21、(p276-278)and the stereotypes of Americans(p278-279)Since most of information we get about people of other nations comes from the mass media today,it is very difficult for us to avoid being greatly influenced by the media in our formation of impressions of other peoples,and our impressions tend to b
22、ecome stereotypes that may hinder us from truly understanding those peoples in intercultural communication.Besides,what impressions we have formed about people of other nations may also be different from what they view themselves.For instance,it has been noted that there often exists a disparity bet
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