英语的五种基本句型.ppt
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1、英语的五种基本句型以下五种基本句式是任何英语句子的基本组成部分,其他如定语、状语等均是句子的次要或附加部分。只要掌握了这五种基本句式,当遇到较复杂的句子时,运用这些基本句式进行分析,对句子的理解也就变得容易多了。在写作中,必须写好这些最基本的句型。英语五种基本句型列式如下:基本句型一:基本句型一:(主谓)(主谓)基本句型二:基本句型二:(主谓表)(主谓表)基本句型三:基本句型三:(主谓宾)(主谓宾)基本句型四:基本句型四:(主谓间宾直宾)(主谓间宾直宾)基本句型五:基本句型五:(主谓宾宾补(主谓宾宾补)简单句的五个基本句型简单句的五个基本句型(The Basic Sentence Patter
2、ns)(1)主语+不及物动词:S+Vi.Birdsfly.鸟飞Theydisappeared.他们消失了。(2)主+连系动词+表语:S+V+P,例:Sheisauniversitystudent.她是一名大学生。Hehasbecomeapilot.他已成为一名飞行员。(3)主+及物动词+宾语:S+Vt+O,例:Helikesswimming.他喜欢游泳。(4)主+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语:S+Vt+O+O,例:Itoldmyfriendthegoodnews.我把好消息告诉了我的朋友。Theysentusatelegram.他们给我们拍了电报。(5)主+及物动词+宾语+补语:S+Vt+O+
3、C,例:TheynamedtheboyJack.他们给孩子起名叫杰克。Iwanteverythingreadybyeightoclock.一在下列各句子旁括号里写出的该句的结构类型:(主谓)(主谓表)(主谓宾)(主谓间宾直宾)(主谓宾宾补)例如:Ilovemusic.()1.Thiskindoffoodtastesterrible.()2.Farmersinourareagrowlotsofvegetables.()3.Theaccidenthappenedyesterdayevening.()4.Hismothertoldhimnottoplayonthestreet.()5.Timewou
4、ldprovemeright.()S v psvosvsvocSVOCSvPSVOC6.Yesterdayherfatherboughtherabicycleasabirthdaypresent.()7.Hewatchedthepianocarriedupstairs.()8.Theymadehimdirectorofthecompany.()9.Shecouldfeelherheartbeatingfaster.()10.Thesebookssellwell.()11.Wehearhersingnextdoor.()12.Hisplanistokeeptheaffairsecret.()13
5、.IhopethatIhavesaidnothingtopainyou.()14.ItoldhimwhatIthinkofhim.()15.Ithinkitbestthatyoushouldstaywithus.()SVOOSVOCSVOCSVOCSVSVOCSVPSVOSVOOSVOCSVOC三.辨认主句的基本类型。1.Theactiongrouphasalsofoundacceptablepapermadefrommaterialsotherthanwood,suchasagriculturalwaste.()2.ThegirlstudentfromShanghaiwillsurelywi
6、nthegoldmedal,whichwillchangeherfate.()3.Themostimportantideabehindthekindofpartyplanningdescribedhereisthatitbringsparentsandchildrenclosertogether.()4.ProfessorLifromBeijingUniversitywillgiveusalectureonhowtoimproveourEnglishintheschoolauditoriumonMondayafternoon.()SVOc SVOSVPSVOO5.WhenAmericansvi
7、sitEuropeforthefirsttime,theyusuallyfindGermanymore“Foreign”thanFrancebecausetheGermantheyseeonsignsandadsseemsmuchmoredifferentfromEnglishthanFrenchdoes.()6.TheplanthathemadewasthathewouldkeepadiarytopractisehisEnglishwritingeveryday.()SVOCSVP辨认主句的基本类型。1.Ifinditisdifficulttocooperatewithwhoeveralwa
8、ysstickstotheirownopinions.()1.Ifinditdifficulttocooperatewithwhoeveralwaysstickstotheirownopinions.()2.Westudentsshouldbeencouragedtoapplywhatwehavelearnedtopractice.()基本句型一、主语+系动词+表语S+V+P系动词be(Linkverb):主系表结构主系表结构本结构是由主语+系动词+表语组成,主要用以说明主语的特征,类属,状态,身份等。系动词有:1.表示特征和存在状态的表示特征和存在状态的be,seem,feel,appear
9、,look,smell,taste,sound;2.表示状态延续的表示状态延续的 remain,stay,keep,continue,stand;3.表示状态变化的表示状态变化的 become,get,turn,go,fall,come,grow;(是系(是系动词动词)(表表语语)1.This 2.The dinner3.He 4.Everything5.He 6.The book 7.The weather 8.His face is smells(闻闻)fell looks is is becameturned an English dictionary.good.happy.differ
10、ent.tall and strong.interesting.warmer.red.表表 语语 表语是对主语的补充说明,即表达主语的特征,通常在系动词之后,有下列形式:1、名词 I am a teacher.2、代词 Thats all.3、形容词 Kate is cute.4、副词 A new film is on tonight.5、介词词组 our classroom is on the third floor.6、不定式 We are to go hiking tomorrow.7、动名词 My job is teaching you English.8、表语从句 This is w
11、hat they saw last night.ReadingThisflowerisbeautiful.Thepurpose istohelpyoulearnwellItsounds nice.Ifeltverytired/good.Theeggwentbad.Youlook worried/ill.Thebossseemedsatisfiedwithmywork.Heremainedstandinginfrontofthehouse,notdaringtocomein.Hisface turned/wentred.Heturnedteacheratlast.Thesemachineshav
12、elain idlesincethefactoryclosed.這些机器自从工厂关闭后就一直闲置Thehousehasstood emptyformonths.房子几个月来都是空空的Ourlastattemptproved successful练习一练习一:指出表语部分指出表语部分1.OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican(名词)2.Isityours?3.Timeisup.4.Theweatherhasturnedcold.5.Thespeechisexciting.6.Threetimessevenistwentyone?7.HisjobistoteachEngli
13、sh.8Hishobbyisplayingfootball.9.Themachinemustbeoutoforder.10.Whatisexpectedisthatthepricesofthe11.Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.练习二、练习二、填空1.Dellastoodthere,looking_(sadsadly)atherselfinthemirror.2.Dellalookedvery_(sadsadly),forherpetdogdiedlastnight.3.Thenewssounds_.(encourage)4.Theplaywasso_t
14、hatnearlyeverybodywas_totears.(move)。5.Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain_(seat)astheplanewasmakingalanding.6.Becarefulwhenyoucrossthisverybusystreet.Ifnot,youmayget_(run)overbyacar.7._(taste)sodelicious,thefoodinthismarketwassoldoutsoon.sadlysadencouragingmovingmovedseatedrunTasting练习三、单选
15、1.Thenews_.AprovestrueB.wasprovedtrueC.areprovedtrulyD.provedtruly2.She_redwithangerassoonassheheardthenews.A.wentB.stayedC.becameD.gets3.ONhearingthenewsoftheaccidentinthecoalmine,she_pale.A.gotB.changedC.appearedD.went3.Hisvoicesounds_.A.wellB.beautifullyC.excellentD.wonderfullyAACDD5.Theweatherwi
16、ll_hotforanothertwoweeks.A.lastB.remainC.getD.turn6.Thehotweatherwill _anothertwodays.A.lastB.remainC.getD.turn6.Althoughhehastakenalotofmedicine,hishealth_poor.A.remainsBmaintainsC.leavesD.gets7.Iwasntsureifhewasreallyinterestedorifhe_polite.A.wasjustbeingB.willjustbeC.hadjustbeenD.wouldjustbeAAA8.
17、Wehadthoughttheexaminationwouldbedifficult,butit_easy.A.turned B.cameC.appearedD.proved9.Theactresswhohadbeenthoughthighlyof_tobeagreatdisappointment.A.turnedoutB.seemedC.lookedD.became10.-Whydontyouputthemeatinthefridge?-Itwill_freshforseveraldays.A.bestayedB.stayC.bestayingD.havestayedCAB12.-Doyou
18、likethematerial?”-Yes,it_verysoft.”A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt13.Thedog_mad.A.looksB.islookedC.isbeinglookedD.waslooked14Theappletasted_.A.tobegoodB.sweetlyC.wellD.sweet15.Thepoorboy_blindat3.A.turnedB.wentC.becameD.looked16.whatalovelyday!Ihopeit_fine.A.stayedB.willstayC.willgetD.turn17Whenhis
19、brothertelephonedhimlastnight,he_asleep.A.keptB.gotC.fallD.fell18.Hisgirlfriend_asinger.A.hasturnedB.growC.hasbecomeD.turned19.Theflowers_sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt21.Sarah,hurryup.Imafraidyoucanthavetimetoget_beforetheparty.A.c
20、hangedB.changingC.tobechangedD.change22.Ilovetogototheseasideinsummer.It_goodtolieinthesunorswiminthecoolsea.A.feelsB.isfeelingC.feltD.isfelt23.Hedidntenjoytheplaybecausehe_.A.wasboringB.boredC.wasboredD.boring单句改错:单句改错:1.Heisseriousill.2.Ittastesverybadly.3.Imafraidthattheynotinnowandtheyallagainst
21、mysuggestion.4.wearealwaysmovingwhenwehearthestory.5.HealsolookedsadlywhenIlookedsadlyattheresult.6.Hesaidthathisdreamisbecomeascientist7.Healsoveryhappytohearthenews.8.Thisisthatwewanttoknow.9.Imveryexciting.10.Myhobbyisread。serious-seriouslybadly-bad加aremoved第一个sadly-sad加to加isthat-whatexciting-exc
22、itedread-reading巩固练习:巩固练习:1冬季白天短,夜晚长冬季白天短,夜晚长2十五岁他十五岁他就成为就成为有名的钢琴家了。有名的钢琴家了。3孩子们很少孩子们很少保持保持安静。安静。4她的工作她的工作是是在幼儿园里照看儿童。在幼儿园里照看儿童。In winter,the days are short and the nights are long.At the age of fifteen,he became a famous pianist.Children seldom keep quiet.Her job is to look after the children in th
23、e nursery.5他失业了。他失业了。6树叶树叶已经变已经变黄了黄了7这个报告这个报告听起来听起来很有意思很有意思He is out of work.The leaves have turned yellow.The report sounds interesting1.操场现在在学校前面操场现在在学校前面 (99)1.The playground is now in front of the school.2.60%of the students are against the idea of entrance fees.(02)2.对于这个免费进场的观点对于这个免费进场的观点百分之百分
24、之60%的学生反对的学生反对英语基本句型-1 主系表句型主系表句型与与高考书面表达高考书面表达基本句型基本句型 二:二:(主谓)主谓)此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。(不及物动词1.Thesunwasshining.2.Themoonrose.3.Theuniverseremains.4.Weallbreathe,eat,anddrink.5.Whocares?6.Whathesaiddoesnotmatter.7.Theytalkedforhalfanhour.8.Thepenwritessmoot
25、hlyStill water runs deep.(大智若愚大智若愚)It breaks.(天亮了天亮了)Every minute counts.(分秒必爭分秒必爭)It depends.The fish wont keep.(魚不新鮮魚不新鮮)He doesnt mix.(他不合群他不合群)这类动词有:rise,arise,remain,go,come,live,stay,work,die,talk,swim,bathe,matter,appear,disappear,fly,run,fall,stand,sit,laugh.exist,apologize,arrive,belong,agr
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