2023年考研英语二真题及答案解析.docx
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1、2023考研英语(二)真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payme
2、nts are made electronically._1_ a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions have been_2_for two decades but have not yet come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment would soon revolutionize the very _3_ of money i
3、tself, only to_4_itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society been so_5_in coming? Although electronic means of payment may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work_6_the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very_7_to set up t
4、he computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic money the_8_form of payment Second, paper checks have the advantage that they_9_receipts, something that many consumers are unwilling to_10_. Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of float -
5、it takes several days_11_a check is cashed and funds are_12_from the issuers account, which means that the writer of the check can cam interest on the funds in the meantime. _13_electronic payments arc immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer.Fourth, electronic means of payment may_14_se
6、curity and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information_15_there. The fact that this is not an _16_ occurrence means that dishonest persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments s
7、ystems and_17_from someone elses accounts. The_18_of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a new field of computer science is developing to_19_security issues. A further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic_20_that contains a large amount of personal data. Th
8、ere are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violating our privacy.1. A However B Moreover C Therefore D Otherwise2. A off B back C over D around3. A power B concept C history D role4. A reward B resist C resume D reverse5. A silent B sudden
9、C slow D steady6. A forB against Cwith D on7. A imaginative B expensive C sensitive D productive8. A similar B original C temporary D dominant9. A collect B provide C copy D print10. A give up B take over C bring backD pass down11. A before B after C since D when12. A kept B borrowed C released D wi
10、thdrawn13. A Unless B Until C Because D Though14. A hide B express C raise Dease15. A analyzed B shared C stored D displayed16. A unsafe B unnatural C uncommon D unclear17. A steal B choose C benefit D return18. A consideration B preventionC manipulationD justification19. A cope with B fight against
11、 C adapt to D call for20. A chunk B chip C path D trailSection IIReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1In an essay entitled “Making It in America”, the
12、author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill only two employees today,” a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.”Davidsons article is one of a number of pieces
13、that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machi
14、nes or foreign worker.In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job,could earn an average lifestyle ,But ,today ,average is officially over. Being average just wont earn you what it used to. It cant when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more above average c
15、heap foreign labor, cheap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius. Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra-their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment.Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. B
16、ut theres been an acceleration. As Davidson notes,” In the 10 years ending in 2023, U.S. factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70 years; roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs-about 6 million in total -disappeared.There will always be changed
17、-new jobs, new products, new services. But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I.T. revolution, the best jobs will require workers to have more and better education to make themselves above average.In a world where average is officially over, there are m
18、any things we need to do to support employment, but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of G.I.Bill for the 21st century that ensures that every American has access to poet-high school education.21. The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate_.A the impact of technological advan
19、cesB the alleviation of job pressureC the shrinkage of textile millsD the decline of middle-class incomes22. According to Paragraph 3, to be a successful employee, one has to_A work on cheap softwareB ask for a moderate salaryC adopt an average lifestyleD contribute something unique23. The quotation
20、 in Paragraph 4 explains that _A gains of technology have been erasedB job opportunities are disappearing at a high speedC factories are making much less money than beforeD new jobs and services have been offered24. According to the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important is_A to accelera
21、te the I.T. revolutionB to ensure more education for peopleC to advance economic globalizationD to pass more bills in the 21st century25. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?A New Law Takes EffectB Technology Goes CheapC Average Is OverD Recession Is BadText 2A ce
22、ntury ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic included settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and 7millin people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immi
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