(上课用)语法(倒装、强调句)课件- 高考英语语法复习.pptx
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1、倒装句倒装句一、概念一、概念 英语句子的基本语序是“主语+谓语+其他成分”,即主语在前,谓语在后,但有时出于语法或修辞上的需要,我们将句子的整个谓语或谓语的一部分放在主语前面,这就构成了倒装。倒装分为两类:全部倒装全部倒装和部分倒装部分倒装。全部倒装是:全部倒装是:将整个谓语放在主语之前e.g.Here comes the bus.部分倒装是:部分倒装是:把谓语的一部分(助动词/be动词/情态动词)放在主语之前。e.g.Only by doing so can you improve your grades.(一)全部倒装(一)全部倒装1、there be 句型中的倒装。句型中的倒装。该句型表
2、示“存在”be 可换成 appear,exist,lie,live,remain,seem,stand等词。There stands a temple on the top of the mountain.There exsit some serious problems in the management of the company.2、表示方向、地点、表示方向、地点、时间时间的的副副词词或介词或介词放在句首放在句首时时。表示方向、地点和时间的副词 或介词短语 in,outin,out;down,updown,up;there,herethere,here,over thereover t
3、here;now,thennow,then;offoff(距,离)(距,离),back,away,back,away等放于句首,句子谓语动词为be,come,go等表状态或动作趋向的动词,若主语是名词而不是代词名词而不是代词时,则可以完全倒装。In came a girl,wearing a white skirt.进来一个小姑娘,穿着白色裙子。Here comes the bus.公共汽车来了。Here is the book you want.你要的书在这儿。There goes the bell.铃响了。Down come all of you.你们都下来。Now comes your
4、turn.现在轮到你了。After the head followed a group of workers.头儿后面跟着一群工人。On the desk lie piles of books.书桌上有几堆书。3、分、分词词短短语语置于句首置于句首时时。Lying on the floor was a boy aged about twelve.躺在地上的是一个大约十二岁的小男孩。Hanging on the wall are two paintings by Qi Baishi.墙上挂的是两张齐白石的函Seated in the front were the guests.坐在前排的是客人。
5、Hidden behind the door were some naughty children.藏在门后的是几个调皮的孩子。(二)部分倒装(二)部分倒装(1(1)only)only修饰状语时修饰状语时“only+状语/状语从句”位于句首时,句子/主句要用部分倒装。OnlyOnly in in this this way way cancan you solve this you solve this probleproblem.m.只有用这种方法,你才可以解决这个问题。OnlyOnly herehere cancan you find such kind of you find such
6、kind of plant.plant.只有在这里才能找到这种植物。Only afterOnly after he had spoken out the word did did he realize he had made a big mistake.只有当他说出那个字后他才意识到自己犯了个大错误。Only whenOnly when you get to the top of you get to the top of the mountain the mountain can can you see the you see the towertower.只有爬到山顶你才能看到塔楼。(2)
7、表示否定意表示否定意义义的的词词或短或短语语放在句首放在句首时时此类词或短语主要有not,not,little,little,hardly,hardly,never,never,at no timeat no time(决不决不),by,by no means,no means,on no condition,on no condition,in no in no case,case,in no event,in no event,nowherenowhere(无处,(无处,哪里都不)哪里都不),seldom seldom等。Seldom do I go to work by bus.我很少乘
8、公共汽车上班Never shall shall I do the same thing again.do the same thing again.我再也不做同样的事情了。At no time does the plain look so does the plain look so perfect as in early autumn.perfect as in early autumn.平原看上去从没像初秋时这么完美。Nowhere can I find the book.到处都找不到这本书。(3)某些含有否定某些含有否定词词的的连词连词位于句首位于句首时时not only.not onl
9、y.but(also)but(also)连接接两个并列句时,含有 not only not only的句子用部分倒装的句子用部分倒装;hardly.hardly.when,no sooner.than,when,no sooner.than,(一(一.就就.)not.until引导的句子,hardly,no hardly,no soonersooner,not untilnot until位于句首时位于句首时,主句用部分倒装主句用部分倒装。Not only do I come to school early,but(also)my teacher does.不但我到 校早,而且我的老师也来得很
10、早。No sooner had the game started than it began to rain heavily.比赛刚开始,天就下起了大雨。Hardly had she gone out when a she gone out when a student came to visit her.student came to visit her.她刚出门就有一个学生来看望她。Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.直到老师进来学生们才停止讲话。(4)表示表示“也也(不不)”的句式的句式表示一种情况适用于
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