阅读理解之主旨大意题课件- 高三英语二轮复习.pptx
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1、高考阅读理解解题策略与技巧(二)主旨大意题英语老师英语老师Kathy近近3年高考主旨大意题题量统计年高考主旨大意题题量统计年份年份卷别卷别202120202019新高考卷新高考卷1段落大意段落大意1最佳标题最佳标题1文章大意文章大意全国卷全国卷(全国乙卷全国乙卷)1段落大意段落大意1最佳标题最佳标题1段落大意段落大意1最佳标题最佳标题1段落大意段落大意1最佳标题最佳标题全国卷全国卷1最佳标题最佳标题1文章大意文章大意1最佳标题最佳标题1文章大意文章大意1最佳标题最佳标题全国卷全国卷1段落大意段落大意1文章大意文章大意1最佳标题最佳标题1最佳标题最佳标题主旨大意题主旨大意题3年考情分析年考情分析
2、高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求:要求考生读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文要求考生读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等,并能从中获取相关信息。考段以及公告、说明、广告等,并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能:生应能:1.1.理解主旨要义理解主旨要义 2.2.理解文中具体信息理解文中具体信息3.3.根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义4.4.做出判读和推理做出判读和推理 5.5.理解文章的基本结构理解文章的基本结构6.6.理解作者的意图、观点和态度理解作者的意图、观点和态度。细节理解题细节理解题词义猜测题词义猜测题推理
3、判断题推理判断题主旨大意题主旨大意题1.1.段落大意类段落大意类(1)Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?(2)Themainideaofthefirstparagraphprobablyis_.(3)WhichofthefollowingcanbestsummarizeParagraphone?2.2.文章大意类文章大意类 (1)Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?(3)Themainideaofthepassageis_.3.3.标题概括类标题概括类(1)Thebesttitle/headlineforthispassagem
4、ightbe_.(2)Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?(3)Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?主旨大意题考查形式主旨大意题考查形式解题策略与技巧:解题策略与技巧:画出画出段落主题句段落主题句或或关键词关键词,结合选项,选出正确答案。,结合选项,选出正确答案。1.1.段落主题句段落主题句通常在三个位置出现:通常在三个位置出现:(1)(1)开门见山:提出主题开门见山:提出主题(总)(总)-细节支撑细节支撑(分)(分);(2)(2)段末点睛:细节描述段末点睛:细节描述(分)(分)-概括主题概括主题(总
5、)(总);(3)(3)段中点旨:细节描述段中点旨:细节描述(分(分)-归纳主题归纳主题(总)(总)-进一步解释进一步解释(分)(分)。2.2.高频关键词高频关键词:如果段落没有明显的主题句,那么段落中可能有一个反复出现如果段落没有明显的主题句,那么段落中可能有一个反复出现的中心词,即的中心词,即关键词关键词,抓住了它,也就抓住了段落的中心。,抓住了它,也就抓住了段落的中心。(一)段落大意类(一)段落大意类3.3.根据事实细节描述,结合选项自己归纳概括段落大意。根据事实细节描述,结合选项自己归纳概括段落大意。33.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.The
6、classificationofthepopular.B.Thecharacteristicsofadolescents.C.Theimportanceofinterpersonalskills.D.Thecausesofdishonorablebehavior.Popularityisawell-exploredsubjectinsocialpsychology.MitchPrinstein,aprofessorofclinicalpsychologysortsthepopularintotwocategories:thelikableandthestatusseekers.Thelikab
7、lesplays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-startinterpersonalskillsand,whentappedearly,areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.Thentheresthekindofpopularitythatappearsinadolescence:statusbornofpowerandevendishonorablebehavior.(一)段落大意类(一)段落大意类普及,流行,受欢迎,知名度,声望普及,流行,受欢迎,知名度,声望解题策略
8、与技巧:解题策略与技巧:画出画出文章主题句文章主题句或或高频关键词高频关键词,结合选项,选出正确答案。,结合选项,选出正确答案。(二)文章大意类(二)文章大意类 (二)文章大意类(二)文章大意类MarianBechtelsitsatWestPalmBeachsBarLouiecounterbyherself,quietlyreadinghere-bookasshewaitsforhersalad.Whatisshereading?Noneofyourbusiness!LunchisBechtels“me”time.AndlikemoreAmericans,shesnotalone.Anewre
9、portfound46percentofmealsareeatenaloneinAmerica.Morethanhalf(53percent)havebreakfastaloneandnearlyhalf(46percent)havelunchbythemselves.Onlyatdinnertimeareweeatingtogetheranymore,74percent,accordingtostatisticsfromthereport.“Iprefertogooutandbeout.Alone,buttogether,youknow?”Bechtelsaid,lookingupfrom
10、her book.Bechtel,who works in downtown West Palm Beach,has lunch withcoworkerssometimes,butlikemanyofus,toooftenworksthroughlunchatherdesk.Alunchtimeescapeallowshertokeepabossfromtappingherontheshoulder.Shereturnstoworkfeelingenergized.“Today,Ijustwantedsometimetomyself,”shesaid.Justtwoseatsover,And
11、rewMazoleny,alocalvideographer,isfinishinghislunchatthebar.Helikesthathecansitandcheckhisphoneinpeaceorchatupthebarkeeperwithwhomhesonafirst-namebasisifhewantstohavealittleinteraction(交流).“Ireflectonhowmydaysgoneandthinkabouttherestoftheweek,”hesaid.“Itsachanceforself-reflection.Youreturntoworkrecha
12、rgedandwithaplan.”Thatfreedomtochooseisonereasonmorepeopleliketoeatalone.Therewasatimewhenpeoplemayhavefeltawkwardaboutaskingforatableforone,butthosedaysareover.Now,wehaveoursmartphonestokeepuscompanyatthetable.“Itdoesntfeelasaloneasitmayhavebeforealltheadvancesintechnology,”saidLaurieDemeritt,whose
13、companyprovidedthestatisticsforthereport.31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thetrendofhavingmealsalone.B.Theimportanceofself-reflection.C.Thestressfromworkingovertime.D.Theadvantageofwirelesstechnology.(二)文章大意类(二)文章大意类MarianBechtelsitsatWestPalmBeachsBarLouiecounterbyherself,quietlyreadinghere-bookasshew
14、aitsforhersalad.Whatisshereading?Noneofyourbusiness!LunchisBechtels“me”time.AndlikemoreAmericans,shesnotalone.Anewreportfound46percentofmealsareeatenaloneinAmerica.Morethanhalf(53percent)havebreakfastaloneandnearlyhalf(46percent)havelunchbythemselves.Onlyatdinnertimeareweeatingtogetheranymore,74perc
15、ent,accordingtostatisticsfromthereport.“Iprefertogooutandbeout.Alone,buttogether,youknow?”Bechtelsaid,lookingupfrom her book.Bechtel,who works in downtown West Palm Beach,has lunch withcoworkerssometimes,butlikemanyofus,toooftenworksthroughlunchatherdesk.Alunchtimeescapeallowshertokeepabossfromtappi
16、ngherontheshoulder.Shereturnstoworkfeelingenergized.“Today,Ijustwantedsometimetomyself,”shesaid.Justtwoseatsover,AndrewMazoleny,alocalvideographer,isfinishinghislunchatthebar.Helikesthathecansitandcheckhisphoneinpeaceorchatupthebarkeeperwithwhomhesonafirst-namebasisifhewantstohavealittleinteraction(
17、交流).“Ireflectonhowmydaysgoneandthinkabouttherestoftheweek,”hesaid.“Itsachanceforself-reflection.Youreturntoworkrechargedandwithaplan.”Thatfreedomtochooseisonereasonmorepeopleliketoeatalone.Therewasatimewhenpeoplemayhavefeltawkwardaboutaskingforatableforone,butthosedaysareover.Now,wehaveoursmartphone
18、stokeepuscompanyatthetable.“Itdoesntfeelasaloneasitmayhavebeforealltheadvancesintechnology,”saidLaurieDemeritt,whosecompanyprovidedthestatisticsforthereport.31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thetrendofhavingmealsalone.B.Theimportanceofself-reflection.C.Thestressfromworkingovertime.D.Theadvantageofwirele
19、sstechnology.Tips:关关 注注 一一 些些 表表 转转 折折 关关 系系 的的 连连 词词:but,yet,however,infact,indeed等等,这这些些词后面通常连接着关键讯息。词后面通常连接着关键讯息。(二)文章大意类(二)文章大意类MarianBechtelsitsatWestPalmBeachsBarLouiecounterbyherself,quietlyreadinghere-bookasshewaitsforhersalad.Whatisshereading?Noneofyourbusiness!LunchisBechtels“me”time.Andli
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