天津市第二十五中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末阶段性测试英语(解析版).docx
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1、天津市第二十五中学2022-2023学高二年级年第一学期期末阶段性测试英语试卷满分100,考试用时90分钟第一节单项填空(共20小题:每小题1分,满分20分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1. Many countries are setting animal shelters homeless cats and dogs can be protected.A. whichB. whenC. whereD. that【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:许多国家正在设立动物收容所来保护无家可归的猫狗。分析句子结构可 知,此处为定语从句。先行词animal
2、 shelters是物,在定语从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where引 导限制性定语从句。故选C。2. With a lot of problem, the newly elected president is having a hard time.(02 上海)A. settledB. settlingC. to settleD. being settled【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:有很多问题要解决,新当选的总统正度过一段艰难的时期。本句为 with的复合结构,表示动作即将发生,所以用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选C项。3. At first Robert would
3、nt let his daughter go diving, but he gave in as she was so confident about herskills.A. surprisinglyB. typicallyC. eventuallyD. carefully【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考杳副词词义辨析。句意:起初罗伯特不让他女儿去潜水,但最终他还是让步了,因为她时 自己的潜水技能非常自信。A. surprisingly令人惊讶地;B. typically典型地;C. eventually最后,终于;D. carefully认真地。根据前文“At first”可知,此处与
4、之相对应,C项“最后,终于”符合句意。故选C 项。4. The city plans to make 50.000 bicycles fbr rent to reduce pollution and ease traffic jams.A. convenientB. suitableC. availableD. accurate【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:该市计划提供5万辆自行车供出租,以减少污染和缓解交通堵塞。A. convenient方便的;B. suitable合适的,适当的;C. available可获得的;可用的;D. accurate精确 的。根据下文“to
5、 reduce pollution and ease traffic jams”可知,该市计划提供5万辆自行车进行出租,以 此来减少污染和缓解交通堵塞。所以设空处应用available,短语available fbr意为可用于的”。故D. Because they were shocked by this ground-breaking theory.40. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Darwins journey on the Beagle inspired his Theory of Evolution.B. Darwins inter
6、est in various living things made him a great naturalist.C. Darwin spent years touring the world to persuade people to accept his theory.D. Darwin went on a journey to confirm his theory that humans evolved over time.【答案】36. D 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文,介绍了达尔文在贝格尔号的探索之旅。达尔文在旅途中,发现了各种各样的
7、新物种,他注意到有些不同物种的动物彼此间很相似,猜测“也许动物为了适应不断变化的环境会逐渐 进化? ”这一猜想激励达尔文去寻求更多证据,并提出了 “进化论”这个全新的观点,在他的物种起 源一书中解释了这一理论,彻底地改变了人类对于地球上生命的认识。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据第段 “Whats more, he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be “a disgrace to yourself and all your family.(并且在他刚收到父亲的来信,信中预言他将会成为
8、 “自己和全家人的耻辱”可知,他爸爸认为达尔文将会是全家人的耻辱,言外之意,他会辜负家人 对他的期望,选项D符合文意,故选【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段He noticed that some species of animals were very similar to each other. Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments? It was just an idea, but enough to inspire Darwin to look for more evidence.(他
9、注意到,有些不同物种 动物彼此间很相似。也许动物为了适应不断变化的 环境会逐渐进化?虽然这只是一个设想,但足够激励达尔文去寻求更多证据。)”可知,达尔文注意到不 同物种的动物间的相似性,从而想去寻求更多证据,证明动物是否会为了适应不断变化的环境而逐渐进 化。故选C项。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Darwin noticed that there was a difference between the finches on each of the islands. It seemed their beaks had evolved according to what food was
10、 available on that particular island.(达尔 文注意到,在群岛中的每一个小岛上,雀鸟之间有所不同。它们的喙似乎是根据所在岛屿上可觅得的食 物进化而来的。)”可知,导致雀鸟的喙不同的原因是所在岛屿上可觅得的食物不同,故选A项。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段“But Darwins scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory.(然而达尔文的科学研究很有说服力,越来越多的人开始接受他的理论。)”可 知,是达尔文极有说
11、服力的科学研究,让越来越多的人开始接受他的理论。故选B项。【40题详解】主旨大意题。从全文可知,达尔文在旅途中,发现了各种各样的新物种,他注意到有些不同物种的动物 彼此间很相似,猜测“也许动物为了适应不断变化的环境会逐渐进化? ”这一猜想激励达尔文去寻求更 多证据,并提出了 “进化论”这个全新的观点,在他的物种起源一书中解释了这一理论,彻底地改 变了人类对于地球上生命的认识。A选项“达尔文的贝格尔号之旅激发了他的进化论”与文意相符,故 选 AEI。BSitting back in my seat, I cant quite believe that Im about to travel alo
12、ng the railway that many foreign experts claimed was “impossible”. The train has been racing along steadily since it left Xining. All this time, the song “Sky Railway“ has been playing inside my head. The words railways like massive dragons are winding among the mountains seem particularly vivid as
13、I travel across the “roof of the world”.I was one of the people who came Irom all parts of China to work on this railway. Taking years to complete, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is a record of all of our efforts to overcome the most difficult engineering challenges. How to protect the delicate ecosystem
14、 was among the top concerns.The first landmark to catch my eye is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge, the world,s longest bridge built over penna frost. Look! A group of Tibetan antelopes is moving under the bridge, with some stopping to eat grass at their leisure. Thirty-three passages have been built
15、under the railway to allow the animals to move safely and freely in their natural habitat. Wild animals such as these Tibetan antelopes have now been using these passages fbr years. They seem totally unaware that vve are speeding past at over 100 kilometers an hour.To prevent damage to wetlands and
16、grasslands, 675 bridges with a total length of about 160 kilometers were built between Golmud and Lhasa. We even moved 140,000 square meters of wetland to a new area in order to protect its distinct ecosystem.The journey has been flying by, and before I know it, we have reached Tanggula Station. Loc
17、ated at over 5,000 meters above sea level, this is the highest railway station in the world. In locations such as this, the thin air, changeable weather and high levels of UV radiation presented perhaps the greatest challenge fbr railway workers. To make sure vc stayed healthy, several oxygen-making
18、 stations were constructed. Wc were also able to enjoy regular breaks in lower areas.As wc pass Cuona Lake, I feel a sense of pride and achievement. Using thousands and thousands of sandbags, we built a twenty-kilometer wall along the lake to protect it from construction waste. Cuona Lake is so clos
19、e to the railway that 1 want to reach out and touch its pale blue mirror-like surface. Water birds playing in the lake, and cattle and sheep wandering the grasslands bring the scenery to life.The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has been attracting peoples admiration fbr centuries. Now, thanks to our efforts,
20、passengers from all over the country have been enjoying these magical landscapes. I am proud that we built our “impossible” railway, and did so with the care that the environment deserves. It truly is an extraordinary ”Sky Railway”.41. Which of the following is TRUE according to the first two paragr
21、aphs?A. The song “Sky Railway was played as background music in the train.B. Ways of protecting the delicate ecosystem were taken into consideration.C. Foreign experts were frightened to see dragons among the mountains.D. The author kept the record of solving the toughest engineering problem.42. Whi
22、ch can best replace the underlined part in Paragraph 3?A. without interruptionB. fbr entertainmentC. in their free timeD. without hurrying43. Why was a 20-km wall built according to Paragraph 6?A. Because it separated the habitats of birds and cattle.B. Because it transformed construction waste into
23、 sand.C. Because it kept Cuona lake from being polluted.D. Because it connected Cuona lake and the railway.44. What is the author proud of at the end of the passage?A. Their efforts to build the railway and protect the ecosystem.B. That he has made the railway extraordinary for tourists.C. Passenger
24、s admiration for the Qinghai-Tibct Plateau.D. The splendid landscapes along the Sky Railway.45. What is the authors purpose in writing the passage?A. To prove that humans can conquer nature.B. To advertise the travel route along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.C. To praise the workers efforts in building
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