新人教选修七 UnitRobotsGrammar语法.pptx
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1、 My mother felt alarmed when I had my hair coloured purple.My mother was alarmed when I had my hair coloured purple.Look at the sentences.Is this a passive sentence?第1页/共44页 Though the structure seems like a passive sentence,it is not.A passive sentence indicates a passive action while this sentence
2、 describes a situation when someone has the feeling of alarm.“alarmed”is an adjective formed by v+ed.Key!第2页/共44页Discovering useful structuresGo over the passive voice be+V+-ed/-en/-t My hamburger was eaten by the dog.The toy is made by hand.第3页/共44页使用被动语态的情况使用被动语态的情况1.我们不知道或没有必要说明动作的执我们不知道或没有必要说明动作
3、的执 行者是谁的时候行者是谁的时候(这时不带这时不带by引起的短语引起的短语)。Printing was introduced to Europe fromChina.(省略了省略了by短语。短语。)Look!There is nothing here.Everything has been taken away.(省略了省略了by短语。短语。)第4页/共44页2.当我们出于礼貌、措辞委婉等方面的 考虑不愿说出动作的执行者是谁时。You are requested to give a performance.You are cordially(诚挚地)invited to a party to
4、 be given at the Teachers Clubat 3 p.m.Nov.23.第5页/共44页 3.当我们强调或兴趣在动作的承受者 时(这时可带by引起的短语)。The song was composed(组成;写作)by a student.A good time was had by all.第6页/共44页被动语态由be过去分词构成,be随时态的变化而变化。以give为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为:一般现在时:am/is/aregiven【例句】The first section of New College English is designed for speaking
5、 practiceand is based on pictures and topics.被动语态的构成被动语态的构成第7页/共44页一般过去时:was/weregiven【例句】These computers were made in our own country.一般将来时:will/shall begiven【例句】Shall we be asked to attend the opening ceremony?第8页/共44页Sir Denis,who is 78,has made itknown that much of his collection _tothe nation.(
6、CET-4 1996)A.has left B.is to leaveC.leaves D.is to be left本句意思为:78岁的Denis先生声明他将把他的大多数收藏品留给国家。所以leave应用一般将来时的被动形式。一般将来时可以用来be to do sth来表达,因此答案为D。第9页/共44页过去将来时:would begiven【例句】The news would be sent to the soldiers mother as soon as it arrived.第10页/共44页现在进行时:现在进行时:am/is/are beinggiven【例句】例句】The mac
7、hine is being repairedin the workshop.The fifth generationcomputers,with artificial intelligence,are _and perfected now.A.developed B.have developed C.are being developed D.will have been developed第11页/共44页本句测试点是动词的时态和语态本句测试点是动词的时态和语态develop和和perfect是两个并列的谓语动词,是两个并列的谓语动词,perfect 用的是被动形式,用的是被动形式,deve
8、lop也应该也应该用被动形式,而且句子的时间状语为用被动形式,而且句子的时间状语为now,故故develop应用现在进行时的被动语态,应用现在进行时的被动语态,答案为答案为C。第12页/共44页过去进行时:was/were beinggiven【例句】The feast was being prepared when the birds arrived in the sky现在完成时:have/has beengiven【例句】Swift progress has also been made in culture and education.第13页/共44页过去完成时:had beengi
9、ven【例句】The huge bridge had been damaged before the World War.将来完成时:will/shall have beengiven【例句】The book will have been published by the end of next month.第14页/共44页含有情态动词的动词变成被动语态:情态动词+be+过去分词This problem can be solved.这问题可解决。Whats done cannot be undone.覆水难收。第15页/共44页George might be sent to America
10、by his company in August.公司可能八月份派乔治去美国。或类似结构(be going to,have to 等)变成被动语态:This room is going to be painted next week.这个房间下周粉刷。Go away!I want to be left alone.走开!我想独自待一会儿。第16页/共44页1.有些动词可以有两个宾语,在用于被动结构时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语(指人的宾语)。一些特殊的被动语态一些特殊的被动语态They didnt offer Ann the job
11、.Ann wasnt offered the job.安未得到这份工作。第17页/共44页2.在使役动词have,make,get以及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时,在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为被动结构时,要加 to。They make her clean the floor.She is made to clean the floor by them.第18页/共44页3.Itbe过去分词that从句 (=主语be过去分词to do sth)表示:据说/据报道/据悉/据信等。例:据说这个男孩已经通过了这次全国性的测
12、试。It is said that the boy has passed thenational exam.The boy is said to have passed thenational exam.第19页/共44页但:It _that there was a car over there.A.so happened B.so happens C.is so happened D.was so happened 答案:A.happen 是不及物动词,无被动语态。第20页/共44页4.be supposed to suppose vt.推想;假设;猜想 supposed adj.假定的;推
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