高考英语阅读理解猜测词义之语境法.ppt
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1、If you come across new words when reading,If you come across new words when reading,what will you do?what will you do?Ignore(忽略忽略)them and continue readingLook them up in the dictionaryGuess the meaning How to guess the meanings of words?Itwillbeveryhardbutverybrittlethatis,itwillbreakeasily.下定义、定语下
2、定义、定语(从句从句)、同位语、同位语(从句从句)或具体描述等;或具体描述等;特殊的标点符号特殊的标点符号:冒号、冒号、破折号等破折号等Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.小语境之解释说明法小语境之解释说明法ThefloorwassoclutteredwithmanytoysthatMumhaddifficultywalkingtothedoor.Infact,onlyabout80ocelots,anendangeredwildcat,existintheUA.TomsawanowlinatreelastnightAab
3、irdBananimalC.astarTomsawanowllastnightAabirdBananimalC.astarTomsawanowlinatreelastnightbutitflewawaywhenhegotnearAabirdBananimalC.astarAABCAB(n.n.猫头鹰猫头鹰猫头鹰猫头鹰)practiceThechildrenarelookingatanape.AakindofmonkeyBakindoftreeCakindofbirdThechildrenarelookingatanapeatthezooAakindofmonkeyBakindoftreeCak
4、indofbirdThechildrenrelookingatalargehairyapeatthezooAakindofmonkeyBakindoftreeCakindofbirdA AA AB BC.C.AC(n.猿猿)practice常见提示词常见提示词forinstance,forexample,suchas等等 Todayyoungcouplesoftenspendlotsoftheirmoneyonappliances,forinstance,washingmachines,refrigeratorsandcolortelevisions.(n.电器用具电器用具)小语境之例举法小语
5、境之例举法Doctorssuggestthateveryoneshouldexerciseeveryday,especiallythosewhodosedentarywork,likereading,typingandsewing.Mostofusagreed,however,BillMostofusagreed,however,Billdissenteddissented.Sheisusuallypromptpromptforallherclasses,buttodayshearrivedinthemiddleofherfirstclass.A.ontimeB.lateC.slowlyD.q
6、uicklyA.ontimeB.lateC.slowlyD.quicklyA反义词、表示对比关系的词反义词、表示对比关系的词(组组)猜测词义猜测词义。中语境之对比关系(中语境之对比关系(Contrast)表示对比的常见提示词表示对比的常见提示词 but,while,however,otherwisebut,while,however,otherwise,unlike,unlike,instead,ontheotherhand.instead,ontheotherhand.同义词同义词、近义词近义词或或词组词组猜测词义。猜测词义。Cleaningupwaterwaysisanenormousta
7、sk.Thejobissolarge,infact,thatthegovernmentmaynotbeabletosavesomeofthepollutedriversandlakes.Thefootballplayerwaspenalizedforhisrudenessandthepunishmentwasagoodlessonforhim.中语境之相似关系中语境之相似关系(Similarity)常见提示词常见提示词and,also,too,aswellOnewhoisdestitutehasagreatneedforfoodandclothing.Thatmuseumissoimmense
8、thatitwillbeimpossibletoseealltheexhibitionsinoneday.中语境之因果关系中语境之因果关系(CauseandEffect)Whenadoctorperformsanoperationonapatient,heusuallygivesananesthetic tomakehimunconscious,becausehedoesnotwanthispatienttofeelpainortoknowwhatishappeningtohim.Ifeelthatsinceyouaremysuperior(上级上级),itwouldbepresumptuou
9、sofmetotellwhattodonext.A.full of respect B.too confident and rude C.lacking in experience D.too shy and quiet因果因果关关系常系常见见提示提示词词because,as,since,for,so,thus,asaresult,therefore,sothat1)HesoundedquitenervousandhehadbeentalkingforaminuteorsobeforeIunderstandanything.EventhenallIcouldmake outmake outwa
10、sthatsomeonecalledMillyhadhadaverybadaccident.A.seeclearlyB.understandC.expectB大语境大语境2)AverysnobbishwomanmetGeorgeBernardShaw,thefamousEnglishplaywriterataparty.Shewasthesortofwomanwhowasonlyinterestedinrichandfamouspeople,andshewasveryeagertohaveShawasaguestinherownhomesoshecouldshowhimofftoherfrie
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