【公开课课件】长难句分析与突破公开课.pptx
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1、 长长难难句分句分析与突破析与突破英译汉:Money makes money,and the money money makes makes money.(Benjamin Franklin)理解难点:是句子结构,而非单词Money makes money,and 主语 谓语 宾语 连词 the money(that)money makes makes money.主语 定语从句 谓语 宾语钱能生钱,而钱生的钱又能生钱。(本杰明富兰克林)Section One:Howisalongsentenceformed?Heworkshard.Heworkshardforacompany.Livingw
2、ithhisson,heworkshardforacompanywhichwasfoundedin2002.Livingwithhisson,heworkshardforacompanywhichwasfoundedin2002andmostofhisworkmatesshowgreatrespectforhim.Heworkshardforacompanywhichwasfoundedin2002.(介词短语介词短语prepositionalphrases)prepositionalphrases)(从句从句clauses)clauses)(非谓语非谓语non-predicateverbs)
3、non-predicateverbs)(并列结构并列结构parallelstructures)parallelstructures)prepositionalphrasesprepositionalphrases(介短)(介短)clausesclauses(从句)(从句)non-predicateverbsnon-predicateverbs(非谓语)(非谓语)A long sentence1.trunk(主干部分):S.+V.+(O.)2.modifiers修饰语部分3.parallelstructures(并列结构)(Aand/orB;A,B,and/orC)SummarySection
4、Two:Threestepstoanalyzealongsentence.一划 (二括)“三会意”(以近五年高考真题长句为例)一划:划主干(trunk)给主谓宾.(S.V.O.)划_2.Bedthataretoosmall,showerheads(淋浴喷头)thataretoolow,andrestauranttableswithhardlyanyleg-room(腿部空间)allmakelifedifficultforthoseofaboveaverageheight.1.CharlesDarwin,over150yearsago,imaginedaworldthatisfarbusier,
5、nosierandmoreintimate(亲密的)thantheonewecanseeandhear.(2017年全国二卷)1.Hereportedthecasetothepoliceandthensatthere,lostandlonelyinstrangecity,thinkingoftheterribletroublesofgettingallthepaperworkorganizedagainfromadistantcountrywhiletryingtosettledowninanewone.2.Thematerial,madefromshrimp(虾)shellsandprote
6、insproducedfromsilk,iscalled“shrilk”3.JohnSnow,apersonalphysicianofQueenVictoria,waswillingtohelpordinarypeopleexposedtocholera,thedeadlydiseaseofitsday.4.Nowdays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming,isregardedasoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.5.At the invitation of Xi Jinping,general secretary
7、of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and Chinese president,Kim Jong-un,chairman of the Workers Party of Korea and chairman of the State Affairs Commission of the Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea,made an unofficial visit to China from Sunday to Wednesday.二括:给修饰语(modifiers)介短,非
8、谓和从句加()1.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewmadeastudypublishedin2014whichshowedafiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses.(2018全国一卷语法填空)2.Formanyolderpeoplewholivedinthecountry,drivingwasveryimportantforpreservingtheirindependence,givingthemthefreedomtogetoutwithout
9、havingtorelyonothers.(2017全国二卷D篇)()()()()()()()Inanefforttopreventlanguageloss,scholarsfromanumberoforganizations,includingUNESCOandNationalGeographic,haveformanyyearsbeenrecordingdyinglanguagesandtheculturewhichtheyreflect.(2014年全国一卷阅读D篇)Manyscholarsaremakingeffortsto_A.promotegloballanguages.B.res
10、cuethedisappearinglanguages.C.searchforlanguagescommunities.D.setuplanguagesresearchorganizations.三会意:抓主题,去修饰,逻辑关系要注意)()()()3.Backin1983,astwoscientistsreported,youngmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutaparticularsmellthatneighboringplantscanget.(2017年全国二卷)Whatdoesaplantdowhenitisunderattack?A.It
11、makesnoise.B.Itgetshelpfromotherplants.C.Itstandsquietly.D.Itsendsoutcertainchemicals.句子结构复杂化的七种常见手段:Trick 1:省略thatTrick 2:增加前置修饰语Trick 3:增加后置修饰语Trick 4:使用分隔性修饰语Trick 5:使用动名词短语或主语从句作主语Trick 6:嵌入状语从句Trick 7:使用冗长的间接宾语Section Three:sevencommontricks(1)Several people Martin knew well when he was at univ
12、ersity years before had now become important members of the government.结构分析:Several people(that)Martin knew well when he was at university years before had now become important members of the government.马丁以前上大学时就熟识的几个人现在已经成了政府要员。Trick 1:省略that,使句子难以理解()问题思考:连词that被省略了几次?(2)The woman insisted she tho
13、ught the police officer understood she was lost.结构分析:The woman insisted(that)she thought(that)the police officer understood(that)she was lost.这名女子坚称她认为警察知道她迷路了。(1)The only efficient functioning X-Ray machine was in constant demand.(2)The only really efficient fully-functioning high-speed X-Ray machi
14、ne was in constant demand.Trick 2:增加前置修饰语,使名词短语复杂化结 构 分 析:(1)The only efficient functioning X-Ray machine was in constant demand.(2)The only really efficient fully-functioning high-speed X-Ray machine was in constant demand.那台唯一能有效运转的X射线机不停地在工作。那台唯一真正有效、全面运转的高速X射线机不停地在工作。()()(1)The only really effic
15、ient fully-functioning high-speed X-Ray machine in the hospital that nurses could use was in constant demand.Trick 3:增加后置修饰语,使名词短语复杂化结构分析:(1)The only really efficient fully-functioning high-speed X-Ray machine in the hospital that nurses could use was in constant demand.医院里护士可以使用的那台唯一真正有效、全面运转的高速X射线
16、机不停地在工作。问题思考:recovered是谓语动词吗?(2)Many of the objects recovered by the police were found to have been stolen from homes in the neighbourhood.结构分析:Many of the objects(that were)recovered by the police were found to have been stolen from homes in the neighbourhood.警方起获的许多物品,经查,都是从这个街区的几户人家中被盗走的。(1)The s
17、trikes on a number of airlines in recent months,which have caused serious disorder to travelers,are likely to continue if agreement is not reached.结构分析:The strikes(on a number of airlines in recent months,which have caused serious disorder to travelers,)are likely to continue if agreement is not rea
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