全国英语等级考试五级(PETS5)历年真题五.docx
![资源得分’ title=](/images/score_1.gif)
![资源得分’ title=](/images/score_1.gif)
![资源得分’ title=](/images/score_1.gif)
![资源得分’ title=](/images/score_1.gif)
![资源得分’ title=](/images/score_05.gif)
《全国英语等级考试五级(PETS5)历年真题五.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《全国英语等级考试五级(PETS5)历年真题五.docx(44页珍藏版)》请在得力文库 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、全国英语等级考试五级(PETS5)历年真题五材料题(江南博哥)根据以下材料,回答31-50题For decades, posters depicting rabbits with inflamed, reddened eyes symbolized campaigns against the testing of cosmetics on animals. Now the most severe of those (31)_are to be bannedacross the European Union.The so-called Draize tests are a series of n
2、otorious procedures (32)_involve applying cosmetics ingredients (33)_the eyes and skin of live laboratory rabbits. The animals re- actions are(34)_to assess whether the (35)_is an irritant or not. However, on April 27 the independent scientific advisory committee of the European Center for the Valid
3、ation ofAlternative Methods (ECVAM) approved a series of humane (36)_Two of these alternative tests use waste animal tissue reclaimed from slaughterhouses to replace live animals and test (37)_chemicals might severely irritate the eyes. Two morewill(38)_live animals with in vitro cell cultures for d
4、etermining whether (39)_irri- tate the skin. A fifth alterative test, (40)_identify whether chemicals will causeskin aller- gies, will spare hundreds of thousands of mice a year.These humane alternatives have been available (41)_commercial use for years, but to enforce their use, ECVAM has had to sh
5、ow they are as (42)_as or better than thepro- cedures on live animals they are to replace. Now (43)the committee has validated the alternatives, (44)_will become illegal under the European Cosmetics Directive(45)_cosmetic companies to continue to use live animals, and regulatory authorities in(46)_m
6、ember state will be forced to outlaw their use.(47)_these changes, cosmetics companies will still be allowed to (48)_rel- atively mild chemicals on the eyes of live animals until further alternative tests are approved, orun- til 2009, (49)_most cosmetic tests on live animals will be banned in Europe
7、, regardless of(50 )_alternatives have been approved or not.31填空题参考解析:tests【精析】本句意为“现在,在整个欧盟,其中的一些最严酷的测试将被禁止。”根据上文语句“symbolizedcampaignsagainstthetestingofcosmeticsonanimals”的提示,此空应填“tests”。参考译文。几十年来,画有眼睛发炎,发红的兔子的海报常代表着人们对在动物身上进行化妆品测试的反对。现在,在整个欧盟,其中的一些最严酷的测试将被禁止。所谓的“Draize”试验指的是一些名声狼藉的实验程序,主要是在实验里的活
8、体兔子的眼睛和皮肤上实验某种化妆品成分。兔子的反应将被用来衡量该成分的刺激性。然而,4月27日,“欧洲替代方法的审批中心”(ECVAM)的独立科学顾问委员会批准了一系列人性化的替代实验。其中两种替代方式就是利用从屠宰场回收的废弃动物组织来进行化学品活体实验,或验证化学品对眼睛是否具有严重刺激性。另外两种方式是取消动物活体实验,代之以体外细胞培养,这样可以确定化学品对皮肤的刺激性。第五种替代实验是用来验证化学品是否会引起皮肤过敏:仅第五种替代实验,每年就会节省数十万只实验小白鼠。上述这些人性化的替代实验已经存在很多年了,但是要想实施它们,ECVAM需要证明比起活体动物实验,这些替代测试的效果一样
9、甚至更好:既然委员会已批准了替代实验,那么在欧洲化妆品的指导原则下,化妆品公司继续使用活体动物进行实验就是违法的。各个成员国的监管机构也不得不禁止其使用=尽管有了这些改变,但是,在进一步的替代试验被批准之前或者2009年前,化妆品公司仍然可以在活体动物的眼睛上实验一些相对温和的化学物质。2009年,无论替代实验是否被批准,欧洲将禁止大多数化妆品的活体动物测试。32填空题参考解析:that【精析】本句意为“所谓的Draize试验指的是一些名声狼藉的实验程序。主要是在实验室里的活体兔子的眼睛和皮肤上实验某种化妆品成分。”根据语法分析,“involveapplyingcosmeticsingredi
10、ents”是修饰“aseriesofnotoriousprocedures”的定语从句,所以此空应填定语从句引导词“that”。本题也可填“which”。33填空题参考解析:to【精析】本句翻译见32题。“applysthtosth”是固定搭配,意为“应用于,适用于”。所以此空应填“to”。34填空题参考解析:used【精析】本句意为“兔子的反应将被用来衡量该成分的刺激性。”根据上下文语意,所以此空应填动词被动态形式“used”。35填空题参考解析:ingredient【精析】本句翻译见34题。根据上文“involveapplyingcosmeticsingredients”的提示,所以此空应
11、填“ingredient”。36填空题参考解析:alternatiyes【精析】本句意思为“科学顾问委员会批准了一系列人性化的替代方式。”根据下文“Twoofthesealternativetestsusewasteanimaltissue”提示,所以此空应填“alternatives”。37填空题参考解析:whether【精析】本句意为“验证该化学品是否会严重刺激眼睛”。根据上文“Theanimalsreactions眦usedtoassesswl|etherthe”提示,所以此空应填“whether”。38填空题参考解析:replace【精析】本句意为“另外两种方式是取消动物活体实验,代之
12、以体外细胞培养,这样可以确定化学品对皮肤的刺激性。”根据上文“reclaimedfromslaughterhousestoreplaceliveanimals”提示,所以此空应填“replace”。39填空题参考解析:chemicals【精析】本句翻译见38题。根据上文“andtestwhetherchemicalsmightseverelyirritatetheeyes”提示,所以此空应填“chemicals”。40填空题参考解析:to【精析】本句意为“第五种替代实验是用来验证化学品是否会引起皮肤过敏”。根据上下文语意,此空应填表示目的状语的“to”。41填空题参考解析:for【精析】本句意
13、为“上述这些人性化的替代实验已经存在很多年了,但是要想实施它们,ECVAM需要证明比起活体动物实验,这些替代测试的效果一样甚至更好。beavailableforsth”是固定搭配,意为“对有用,有效”,所以此空应填“for”。42填空题参考解析:good【精析】本句翻译见41题。根据上下文与意义,此空应填“900d”构“asgoodas”,表示同级比较。43填空题参考解析:that【精析】本句意为“既然委员会已批准了替代实验”。“nowthat”是固定搭配,意为“既然”,所以此空应填“that”。44填空题参考解析:it【精析】本句意为“那么在欧洲化妆品的指导原则下,化妆品公司继续使用活体动物
14、进行实验就是违法的。”该空应填形式主语it,其逻辑主语是“tocontinuetouseliveanimals。45填空题参考解析:for【精析】本句翻译见44题,根据上下文,所以此空应填“for”表示动作主体。46填空题参考解析:each【精析】本句意为“各个成员国的监管机构也不得不禁止其使用。”根据语意,所以此空应填“each”。47填空题参考解析:Despite【精析】本句意为“尽管有这些变化,但是”。根据上下文,此空应填让步状语从句的引导词“Despite”。48填空题参考解析:test【精析】本句意为“化妆品公司仍然可以在活体动物的眼睛上实验一些相对温和的化学物质”。根据语意,此空应
15、填“test”。49填空题参考解析:when【精析】本句意为“2009年,无论替代实验是否被批准,欧洲将禁止大多数化妆品的动物测试。”根据语法分析,“mostcosmetictestsonliveanimalswillbebanned”是修饰“2009”的定语从句,所以此空应填定语从句引导词“when”。50填空题参考解析:Whether【精析】本句翻译见49题。根据语意和语法分析,所以此空应填宾语从句的引导词“whether”。材料题根据以下材料,回答51-60题Text 1In parts of Brazils poor northeast, snakes and parrots are
16、on sale by the roadside for a few reais. In Brazil, as elsewhere in Latin America, wild animals have been kept as pets for centuries. But inrecent years they have become the target of a vast and flourishing illegal trade that is threatening the survival of some species. Governments and others are no
17、w trying to do more to end thetrafficking.In Brazil alone, the trade in animals is worth $1 billion a year, according to the National Net-work Against the Trafficking of Wild Animals (RENCTAS), a coalition of NGOs. Some of the sellers are simply the rural poor, seeking a means of subsistence. Others
18、, especially those involved in exports,are organised networks. The buyers include pet shops, pharmaceutical laboratories and foreign collectors.The international trade in animals is regulated by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora ( CITES), which most
19、Latin American countries have signed.Brazil has gone further, banning all trade in wild animals, whether endangered or not. Critics say that by pushing the trade underground, this has made it harder to regulate. In any event,Brazil lacks inspectors, and perhaps the will, to enforce the ban.Some of B
20、razils neighbours have looser rules. Many Brazilian animals are smuggled across the countrys long northern borders to Venezuela, Colombia or the Guyanas, whence they are exported withfake documentation. Efforts are now under way to improve regional co-operation. In July, in the first meeting of its
21、kind, representatives from the United States government, Interpol and CITES met Latin American officials and NGOSA in Brasilia.What about the importing countries? The United States Fish and Wildlife Service carries out inspections at airports, and investigates smuggling networks. Each year it handle
22、s 4,500 cases involvingthe import or export of animals. Under the Lacey act, American animal traffickers who break foreign laws can be prosecuted at home. Smugglers are regularly picked up in Miami: a Nicaraguan wascaught last year at the airport with Christmas gifts that included over 1,100 sea tur
23、tles eggs. Tony Silva, a well-known exotic-bird fancier based in Chicago, was jailed in the mid-1990sfor heading a ring importing rare parrots from South America.In an effort to deter would-be buyers, RENCTAS is working with tourism bodies to teach unsuspecting foreigners visiting Brazil that they s
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 全国 英语等级 考试 PETS5 历年 真题五
![提示](https://www.deliwenku.com/images/bang_tan.gif)
限制150内