新视野大学英语第二册课堂笔记5.docx
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1、Unit 5Section A Weeping for My Smoking DaughterI . AbstractA mother is deeply hurt because her daughter is smoking the same kind of cigarettes that killed her grandfather. Tobacco advertising and film actors had attracted the grandfather to smoking but he never looked well like them. His health was
2、poor when his daughter was only sixteen; his breathing was difficult; he rested often when climbing stairs; he often coughed for an hour. Now his daughter is deeply hurt again; she was so careful raising her own daughter. For what purpose? To see all her care thrown away when her sixteen-year-old da
3、ughter slowly kills herself? The mother feels smoking is self-in-jury. It also injures others who watch a loved one die. The mother watched her fathers slow death; That one victory for the rich tabacco companies is enough.II. Culture NotesCigarettes Industry in America(美国的香烟业)1860 Manufactured cigar
4、ettes first appear in the United States. A popular early brand, Bull Durham, commanded 90% of the market.1864 First American cigarette factory opens and produces almost 20 million cigarettes annually.III. New Wordsl.weep: v. (l)cry 哭泣,流(泪)(2)(of a wound) produce liquid (伤)渗出液体 weep over/foreg: When
5、he heard the news, he broke down and wept. 他听到这个消息是控制不住感情,哭了起来.eg: The wound is weeping.伤口在出血weepy: adj.要哭的,泪汪汪的;(故事、电影等)使人伤心的 辨析:weep意为哭泣,强调无声的饮泣,多用于书面语。cry意为哭,但多是指哭出声来,较常用.sob意为呜咽,指抽抽搭搭低声哭,常伴有类似于叹息的喘息声.whimper也作呜咽”解,强调因无助、胆怯或失控而哽咽地哭,也指低声哭 泣内心的牢骚.2 .package: n. (Da box,etc.in which things are packe
6、d (包装用的)盒(2)an object or group of objects that have been put up together in paper or box(中小型的)包裹,包V. make (sth.) into or put (sth.)in a package, e.g. for selling 包装,打包, 捆扎eg: Would you pass me that package of cigarettes?请把那包香烟递给我好吗?eg: Ministers are trying to put together a package deal that will en
7、d the dispute.大臣们图搞个揽子交易结束这场争论。Phrase: package up 把捆成一捆eg; She packaged up the old clothes and put them in the cupboard.他把旧衣服包成放入衣柜。3 .filter:vt.过滤vi.(消息等)走漏,慢慢传开;人群逐渐走出(走入)n.过滤器,过滤用料,过滤嘴eg: filter paper 滤纸eg: You need to filter the driking water.你需要把饮用水过滤。eg: The students filtered into the exam roo
8、m.学生们逐渐走入考场Phrase:filter sth. out 滤除Eg: Filter out the blue light,把蓝光滤掉.filter through sth.泄漏,走漏Eg: The sunlight filtered through the curtains.阳光透过窗帘映出来。Filtrate v.过滤4 .harden:使变坚强,使变得冷酷无情 使变硬,使硬化eg: The snow hardened until ice was formed.雪成冰后变硬了。Eg: I hardened my heart against him.我硬起心肠来对待他。Phrase:
9、 be hardened to对.麻木,对无动于衷harden off (使植物幼苗)变耐寒注意,“en”可以放在形容词后面构成动词,也可以附加在名次后面构成动词。译为:“变成使变成如:sharpen, heighten, harden, weaken5 .brand: n.(商品的)牌子,商标vt.打烙印于,以烙铁打标记给抹黑,加污名于eg: Which brand of tooth paste do you prefer?你爱用什么牌子的牙膏?Eg: On big farms cattle are usually branded.大农场里的牛通常打有烙印。Eg: The scandal b
10、randed him for life.这件丑事使他终生蒙受耻辱。Phrase :brand sb. as给某人加污名brand sth. on ones mind将某事铭记在心6、hook : vt.钩住n.钩子,钩状物eg: When he turned around, he found a fish had been hooked.当他转过身时,他发现有一条鱼已经上勾了。eg: a fish hook 鱼钩eg: a left/right hook 左右钩拳Phrase: be hooked on (吸毒)成瘾的;被.迷住的:对着迷的on the hook 处于困境的off the ho
11、ok脱离困境的hooked adj.钩状的7.slim:a.苗条的,纤细的 薄的微小的,渺茫的区别:slim slender thin lean skinnyslim:褒义词:躯体细长的,苗条的,只瘦而健康,可以指男,也可以指女的, 强调结识,健康和力量,指整个身体,slim也可指(希望,愿望)等渺茫,微小 slender:苗条而好看的,修长纤细的,尤指妇女,儿童,强调优雅,柔软,虚弱 等,可用于身体的另一部位,它还有微薄的,不足的,不充分的意思a slender incomethin:中性词,因病而消瘦的状态lean:褒义词,精瘦的,无赘肉的,强调虽然销售,但肌肉坚韧,充满活力。可 指人或动
12、物。This man has a lean, athletic build.这位男子有着一副精装的体格。skinny:贬义词,皮包骨的,骨瘦如柴的8.drag: vi.(l) (AmE. Slang)抽烟 缓慢而费地进行vt.拖,用拉n.障碍物,累赘eg: He is always dragging on a cigarette.他嘴上总是叼着烟eg: He dragged behind the others.他慢吞吞地走在别人后面。eg: He felt that his family was a drag on his success.他觉得家庭是自己获得成功的累赘。phrase: dra
13、g on / out 使拖延区别:drag拖得重,动作慢draw动作从容,平稳9、starve: (1)(使)挨饿,使饿死(2)(使)得不到某物而受苦,(使)极 需eg: They got lost in the desert and starved to death.他们在沙漠中迷路而饿死了。eg: The teachers said the schools were berg starved of resources.老师们说学校缺乏财源。Phrase: starveinto以饥饿使人 starve the enemy into surrender to death 使敌人断粮而投降。st
14、arve for/of极需,渴望,可互换10、swallow vt. (1)吞下,咽下(2)吞没,淹没(3)轻信,轻易接受vi.做吞咽动作n. (1)吞,咽,一次吞咽的量(2)燕子eg: She just swallowed a mouthful of bread before going to work.她只吞下一口面包就去上班了。eg: They cant tread me like that, Im not going to swallow it 他们不能这样对待我,我忍不下这口气。eg: One swallow dose not make a summer伊索寓言燕不成夏(意指轻率推论
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