新《试卷》2002年考研英语真题18.pdf
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1、绝密启用前英语英语(科目代码:201)考生注意事项1.答题前,考生须在试题册指定位置上填写考生编号和考生姓名;在答题卡指定位置上填写报考单位、考生姓名和考生编号,并涂写考生编号信息点。2.考生须把试题册上的“试卷条形码”粘贴条取下,粘贴在答题卡的“试卷条形码粘贴位置”框中。不按规定粘贴条形码而影响评卷结果的,责任由考生自负。3.选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上,非选择题的答案必须书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内。超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试题册上答题无效。4.填(书)写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔书写,字迹工整、笔迹清楚;涂写部分必须使用 2B 铅笔填涂。5.考试结束,将
2、答题卡和试题册按规定交回。(以下信息考生必须认真填写)考生编号考生姓名2002 年全国硕士研究生招生考试2002 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section IUse ofEnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D onANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points).Comparisons were drawn between the development of tele
3、vision in the 20th century and thediffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries.Yet much had happened1.As was discussedbefore,it was not2the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic3,following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the4of the periodical.It w
4、asduring the same time that the communications revolution5up,beginning with transport,therailway,and leading6through the telegraph,the telephone,radio,and motion pictures7the20thcentury world of the motor car and the air plane.Not everyone sees that Process in8.It isimportant to do so.It is generall
5、y recognized,9,that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century,10by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s,radically changed the process,11its impact on the media was not immediately12.As time went by,computers became smallerand more powerful,and they became“persona
6、l”too,as well as13,with display becomingsharper and storage14increasing.They were thought of,like people,15generations,with the distance between generations much16.It was within the computer age that the term“information society”began to be widely used todescribe the17within which we now live.The co
7、mmunications revolution has18bothwork and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time,but there have been19view about its economic,political,social and cultural implications.“Benefits”have been weighed20“harmful”outcomes.And generalizations have proved difficult.-1-1.AbetweenBbeforeC
8、sinceDlater2.AafterBbyCduringDuntil3.AmeansBmethodCmediumDmeasure4.AprocessBcompanyClightDform5.AgatheredBspeededCworkedDpicked6.AonBoutCoverDoff7.AofBforCbeyondDinto8.AconceptBdimensionCeffectDperspective9.AindeedBhenceChoweverDtherefore10.AbroughtBfollowedCstimulatedDcharacterized11.AunlessBsinceC
9、lestDalthough12.AapparentBdesirableCnegativeDplausible13.AinstitutionalBuniversalCfundamentalDinstrumental14.AabilityBcapabilityCcapacityDfaculty15.Aby means ofBin terms ofCwith regard toDin line with16.AdeeperBfewerCnearerDsmaller17.AcontextBrangeCscopeDterritory18.AregardedBimpressedCinfluencedDef
10、fected19.AcompetitiveBcontroversialCdistractingDirrational20.AaboveBuponCagainstDwithSection IIReading ComprehensionPartADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers onANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)-2-Text 1If you intend using hum
11、or in your talk to make people smile,you must know how to identifyshared experiences and problems.Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help toshow them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy withtheir point of view.Depending on whom you
12、are addressing,the problems will be different.If youare talking to a group of managers,you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries;alternatively if you are addressing secretaries,you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses.Here is an example,which I heard at a nurses conv
13、ention,of a story which works well becausethe audience all shared the same view of doctors.A man arrives in heaven and is being shown aroundby St.Peter.He sees wonderful accommodations,beautiful gardens,sunny weather,and so on.Everyone is very peaceful,polite and friendly until,waiting in a line for
14、 lunch,the new arrival issuddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat,who rushes to the head of the line,grabs his food andstomps over to a table by himself.“Who is that?”the new arrival asked St.Peter.“Oh,thats God,”came the reply,“but sometimes he thinks hes a doctor.”If you are part of the grou
15、p which you are addressing,you will be in a position to know theexperiences and problems which are common to all of you and itll be appropriate for you to make apassing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairmans notorious bad taste in ties.With otheraudiences you mustnt attempt to cut i
16、n with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparagingremarks about their canteen or their chairman.You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoatslike the Post Office or the telephone system.If you feel awkward being humorous,you must practice so that it becomes more natural.Include
17、a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforcedmanner.Often its the delivery which causes the audience to smile,so speak slowly and remember thata raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark.Look f
18、or the humor.It often comes from the unexpected.A twist on a familiar quote“If at firstyou dont succeed,give up”or a play on words or on a situation.Search for exaggeration andunderstatement.Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about andinject with humor.-3-21.T
19、o make your humor work,you should.A take advantage of different kinds of audienceB make fun of the disorganized peopleC address different problems to different peopleD show sympathy for your listeners22.The joke about doctors implies that,in the eyes of nurses,they are.A impolite to new arrivalsB ve
20、ry conscious of their godlike roleC entitled to some privilegesD very busy even during lunch hours23.It can be inferred from the text that public services.A have benefited many peopleB are the focus of public attentionC are an inappropriate subject for humorD have often been the laughing stock24.To
21、achieve the desired result,humorous stories should be delivered.A in well-worded languageB as awkwardly as possibleC in exaggerated statementsD as casually as possible25.The best title for the text may be.A Use Humor EffectivelyB Various Kinds of HumorCAdd Humor to SpeechD Different Humor Strategies
22、-4-Text 2Since the dawn of human ingenuity,people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope withwork that is dangerous,boring,burdensome,or just plain nasty.That compulsion has resulted inroboticsthe science of conferring various human capabilities on machines.And if scientists have yetto create
23、the mechanical version of science fiction,they have begun to come close.As a result,the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence webarely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor.Our factories hum to therhythm of robot assembly arms.Our ban
24、king is done at automated teller terminals that thank us withmechanical politeness for the transaction.Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robot-drivers.And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics,there are alreadyrobot systems that can perform some kinds
25、of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracyfar greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone.But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility,they will have to operate with lesshuman supervision and be able to make at least a few decisi
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