英语句子成分分析及五种基本句型.pptx
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1、主语(Subject)是全句谈论的中心话题找出下列句子的主语,并说出由什么词来充当1.Mr.Chen is a well-known scientist.2.He works very hard at school3.To go to a good university is his first goal.4.Doing morning exercise is good for your health._名词代词不定式V-ing第1页/共30页谓语(Predicate)是回答主语做什么,怎么了,位于主语后1.We love China.2.We have finished reading th
2、is book.3.He can speak English.4.She seems tired._1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。2、复合谓语:(1)由情态动词或助动词加动词相应形式构成。(2)由系动词加表语构成。_第2页/共30页英语中哪些成分可以充当宾语1.We often help him.2.He likes to play basketball.3.We enjoy listening to the music.4.She said that he felt sick.5.They are talking about the new student._代词名词V-ing从句
3、注意:位于介词之后的成分也被称之为宾语._宾语宾语(object)(object)是动作的对象是动作的对象,目标目标 ;位于及物动词后位于及物动词后.第3页/共30页宾语补足语是对宾语进行补充说明宾语和宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语1.They elected John monitor.2.We call him Iron Ox.3.The doctor told me to do more exercise.4.They made her happy.5.He is going to have hair cut.6.They saw a bird flying in the sky._ _哪些动
4、词后需接复合宾语的?ask/tell/teach/help/order sb to do let/make/have sb do第4页/共30页常见的连系动词be动词感官动词:feel(摸上去),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),sound(听起来),look(看起来),seem(似乎是),appear(似乎、显得)等。持续系动词:remain(依然),keep(保持),stay(保持)等变化系动词:become(变成),turn(变成),grow(变得),go(变得),get(变得)等。终止系动词:prove(证明是)表语位于连系动词之后,与之构成系表结构,说明主语的状态,性质等.
5、第5页/共30页1.I am a teacher.2.They are on the playground.3.My job is teaching English.4.It gets cold.5.It sounds interesting._第6页/共30页定语是用来说名名词或代词性质特点的词找出下列句子的定语,并说出由什么词来充当1.The black bike is mine.2.She is a chemistry teacher.3.The man in blue is my brother.4.The girl playing the piano is my younger si
6、ster.5.The lady who is wearing red dress is our new teacher._形容词介词短语V-ing从句名词_第7页/共30页定语说明名词特点,性质;状语则说明 动词何如何.1.We often help him.2.I really dont like the food.3.He did his homework carefully at home.4.Her mother goes out to do some shopping on Sunday.5.When I grow up,I am going to be a doctor._频率副词
7、程度副词方式副词介词短语_不定式介词短语从句第8页/共30页第9页/共30页基本句型1:主谓结构 本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成,常用来表示主语的动作。如:The sun rises.Tom has already left.主语可有修饰语-定语,谓语可有修饰语-状语。如:1.The red sun rises in the east.2.So they had to travel by air or boat.3.We got up early so as to catch the first bus.4.She sat there alone,reading a novel.5.He
8、 came back when we were eating.6.Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake,but strong ones may stay up.第10页/共30页1她昨天回家很晚。2会议将持续两个小时。3在过去的十年里,我的家乡已经发生了巨大变化41919年,在北京爆发了“五.四”运动。5每天八时开始上课。6这个盒子重五公斤。She went home very late yesterday.The meeting will last two hours.Great changes have taken place in
9、my home town in the past ten years.The May Fourth Movement broke out in Beijing in 1919.Classes begin at eight every day.This box weighs five kilos.第11页/共30页7五年前我住在北京。8秋天有些鸟飞到南方去。9我的爷爷早晨起得很早。10.每天下午有许多学生到图书馆来借书。My grandfather gets up early in the morning.Every afternoon a lot of students come to the
10、 library to borrow books.In autumn,some birds fly to the south.I lived in Beijing five years ago.第12页/共30页基本句型2:主谓宾结构 本结构是由主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语构成。宾语成分的多样化使得这一结构异常复杂。如:1.Tom made a hole in the wall.2.I dont know if he can come tomorrow.3.They havent decided where to go next.4.She stopped teaching English tw
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