2022-2023学年河北省石家庄市高二上学期期末考试英语试题(解析版).docx
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1、石家庄市20222023学年度第一学期期末教学质量检测高二英语(时间120分钟,满分150分)第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题L5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:How much is the shirt?A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.答案是c。1 .【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】Wha
2、t does the man want to do?A. Choose a movie.B. Have something to drink.C. Buy some popcorn.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: My movies about to start, but Im so hungry! Do you have any specials today?W: Yes, theyre on this sign. Depending on what food you buy, you receive a free soft drink.M: Oh, I see. Well, Til go
3、with popcorn.2 .【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】What does the woman mean?C. She likes to eat out.A. She wants to try the restaurant. B. She will treat the man.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: That restaurant really serves good food.W: Let me know next time you go; Ill join you.3 .【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】What are the speakers mainly tal
4、king about?A. When T-shirts will arrive.flight, creating 3D models from digital images, to build a winged drone (无人机).Study leader Javaan Chahl believes that winged drones based on the dragonflys shape and movement will simply be more flexible and energy efficient.ChahPs team used a special photogra
5、phy technique to classify the wing shapes of 75 different dragonfly species from museum collections. Their wings are long, light and hard. Plus, their long bodies give them excellent stability and balance, making it possible for winged drones to deliver awkward loads and undertake long observation m
6、issions.Investigating the way that dragonflies remain stable during flight actually reveals the techniques they use to get themselves out of tricky situations. Dragonflies are found to be able to perform upside-down backflips to regain balance and normal flight, when they find themselves upside down
7、 mid-air. This special skill can even be performed while dragonflies are unconscious, meaning it is a passive stability mechanism similar in concept to planes that are designed to glide to safety with their engines turned off. Engineers are looking to copy dragonfly wings to create safer drones that
8、 can right themselves.Of course, not all attempts to build dragonfly-like drones are successful. TechJets air vehicle was supposed to operate as an aerial camera, observation and security drone, but it failed before production got underway. Similarly, Insectothopter, an American dragonfly spy drone
9、built in the 1970 s was deserted.Yet the principles behind winged drones are solid. In fact, NASA has settled on a nuclear-powered autonomous craft called Dragonfly to explore the surface of Saturns moon Titan in 2034. NASAs project is actually an air vehicle, rather than a winged drone, but enginee
10、rs are still convinced they can crack the code of natures most gifted flying insect and revolutionize unmanned flight along the way.28. Why did aeronautics specialists spend months studying the dragonflys flight?A. To build 3D models from digital images.B. To make winged drones modelled after it.C.
11、To clarify the flexibility and efficiency of drones.D. To display the shape and movement of the dragonfly.29. The special skill of dragonflies is their ability to.A. glide to safetyB. avoid tricky situationsC. perform observation tasksD. adjust themselves to stay stable30. What is the authors attitu
12、de towards winged drones?A. Skeptical.B. Uncertain.C. Supportive.D. Conservative.31. Which can be a suitable title for the text?A. Winged Drones: Still a Long Way to GoB. Javaan Chahl: An Innovative Leader of AeronauticsC. A Dragonflys Flying Technique: Perfect fbr DronesD. The Code of Nature: A Sol
13、ution to NASAs Space Exploration【答案】28. B 29. D 30. C 31. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。南澳大利亚大学的航空专家花了几个月的时间研究蜻蜓的飞行,从数字图像创 建3D模型,以建造一架有翼无人机。文章介绍了蜻蜓特殊的飞行技能以及人们对类似蜻蜓的无人机的尝试。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第段 u Aeronautics (航空学)specialists from the University of South Australia spent months studying the dragonflys flight, creating
14、3D models from digital images, to build a winged drone (无人机).(南澳大 利亚大学的航空专家花了几个月的时间研究蜻蜓的飞行,从数字图像创建3D模型,以建造一架有翼无人机)” 可知,航空专家花了几个月的时间研究蜻蜓的飞行是为了仿照它制作有翼无人机。故选B。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中 “Dragonflies are found to be able to perform upside-down backflips to regain balance and normal flight, when they find thems
15、elves upside down mid-air. This special skill can even be performed while dragonflies are unconscious, meaning it is a passive stability mechanism similar in concept to planes that are designed to glide to safety with their engines turned off.(人们发现,当蜻蜓发现自己在半空中倒立时,它们能够 进行倒立后空翻以恢复平衡和正常飞行。这种特殊技能甚至可以在蜻蜓
16、无意识的情况下进行,这意味着它 是一种被动稳定机制,在概念上类似于飞机在关闭引擎的情况下滑翔到安全地带)”可知,蜻蜓的特殊技能 是它们调整自己以保持稳定的能力。故选D。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Yet the principles behind winged drones are solid.(然而,有翼无人机背后的原 理是可靠的)” 以及 “NASA飞 project is actually an air vehicle, rather than a winged drone, but engineers are still convinced they can crack
17、the code of natures most gifted flying insect and revolutionize unmanned flight along the way.(美国宇航局的项目实际上是一种飞行器,而不是有翼无人机,但工程师们仍然相信他们可以破解自然 界最具天赋的飞行昆虫的密码,并在此过程中彻底改变无人飞行)”可推知,作者对有翼无人机的态度是支 持的。故选C。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段 u Aeronautics (航空学)specialists from the University of South Australia spent months stu
18、dying the dragonflys flight, creating 3D models from digital images, to build a winged drone (无人机).Study leader Javaan Chahl believes that winged drones based on the dragonflys shape and movement will simply be more flexible and energy efficient.(南澳大利亚大学的航空专家花了几个月的时间研究蜻蜓的飞行,从数字图像创 建3D模型,以建造一架有翼无人机。研
19、究负责人JavaanChahl认为,基于蜻蜓形状和运动的带翼无人机将 更加灵活和节能)”结合文章介绍了蜻蜓特殊的飞行技能以及人们对类似蜻蜓的无人机的尝试。可知,C选 项“蜻蜓的飞行技术:无人机的完美选择”最符合文章标题。故选C。DHave you ever had the urge to open a book and stick your nose straight into the pages? The smell of old books can refresh any book lovers. We dont know why, but it is just pleasant to u
20、s.Describing the smell can be a challenge. And mere adjectives will likely be of little use to future generations of historians trying to document, understand or reproduce the scent (气味)of slowly decaying (腐朽)books. Now, that task may have just gotten easier thanks to the Historic Book Odor Wheel.In
21、 one experiment, researchers asked visitors at the historic library to characterize the scents they smelled. All the visitors selected words like “woody, smoky and earthy“ from the list, and described the smells intensity and perceived pleasantness. In another experiment, the study authors presented
22、 visitors to the Birmingham Museum with eight smells - one of which was an unlabeled historic book scent and seven were non-bookish, such as coffee, chocolate, fish market and dirty clothes. The researchers then had those museumgoers describe the historic book smell. The top two responses? Chocolate
23、 and coffee. You tend to use familiar associations to describe smells when they are unlabeled J study author Cecilia Bembibre says.The team even analyzed the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the book and the library. Using the data from the chemical analysis and visitors smell descriptions, the
24、researchers created the Historic Book Odor Wheel to document the historic library smell”. Main categories, such as “sweet/spicy”, fill the inner circle of the wheel; descriptors, such as chocolate/cream, fill the middle; and the chemical compounds likely to be the smelly source, like furfural, fill
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