外研英语选修课文原文每个模块篇文章齐全.pdf
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1、外研英语选修 6 全部阅读课文原文(每个模块 4 篇)Module 1 Small Talk How Good Are Your Social Skills Have you ever crossed the road to avoid talking to someone you recognize Would you love to go to a party and talk confidently to every guest Do you want to make more friends but lack the confidence to talk to people you d
2、ont know And are you nervous about the idea of being at a social event in another country Dont worry we can help you!You neednt worry about situations like these if you have good social skills.And they are easy to learn.People with good social skills communicate well and know how to have a conversat
3、ion.It helps if you do a little advance planning.Here are a few ideas to help you.Learn how to do small talk.Small talk is very important and prepares you for more serious conversations.Be prepared!Have some low-risk conversation openers ready.For example:Think of a recent news story not to serious,
4、e.g.a story about a film star or sports star.Think of things to tell people about your studies.Think of“safe”things you can ask peoples opinions about music,sport,films,etc.Think of topics that you would avoid if you were talking to strangers and avoid talking about them!That way,you dont damage you
5、r confidence!Develop your listening skills Listening is a skill which most people lack,but communication is a two-way process it involves speaking AND listening.Always remember you wont impress people if you talk too much.Here are some idea s to make you a better listener:DO Show that you are listen
6、ing by using encouraging noises and gestures smiling,nodding,saying“uh-huh”and“OK”,etc.Keep good eye contact Use positive body language Ask for more information to show your interest DONT Look at your watch Yawn Sign Look away from the person whos talking to you Change the subject Finish other peopl
7、es sentences for them Always remember the words of Benjamin Disraeli,British Prime Minister in the 19th century:“Talk to a man about himself,and he will speak to you for hours!”Learn the rules If you go to a social occasion in another country,remember that social rules can be different.In some count
8、ries,for example,you have to arrive on time at a party;in other countries,you dont need to.In addition,you need to know how long you should stay,and when you have to leave.Some hosts expect flowers or a small gift,but in other places,you can take things,but you neednt if you dont want t.remember als
9、o that in some countries,you mustnt take flowers of a certain colour,because theyre unlucky.In most places,you dont have to take a gift to a party but find our first!The Wrong Kind of Small Talk Esther Greenbaum was a saleswoman for a firm of fax machines and business supplies.But she was also the m
10、ost outspoken human being in the world well,Westchester County,at least.Her motto was“Every time I open my mouth,I put my foot in it.”Esther Greenbaums major shortcoming was that she had a complete absence of small talk.No,that not quite true.She had small talk,but it was the wrong kind.In fact,she
11、had never learnt the basic rules of social communication,and as a consequence,she made systematic mistakes every time she opened her mouth.It was no coincidence either that she wasnt a very good saleswoman.One day during a meeting,Esther was introduced to an important customer,a mature woman.“Nice t
12、o meet you,”she said.“How old are you”The customer looked awkward.“Forty Forty-five”said Esther.“You kook much older.And your friend shes older than you,but she looks much younger!”On another occasion,Esther teased a typist,“Hey!Whens your baby due”The typist went red and contradicted Esther.“Actual
13、ly,Im not pregnant,”she said.“Oh,sorry,”said Esther without any apology.“Just putting on a little weight,huh”Esther was never cautious about other peoples feelings.One of her acquaintances,a salesman in the firm,was going through a very messy divorce and was very depressed.She tried to cheer him up.
14、“Forget her!She was a complete fool.No one liked her anyway.”Much of the time,Esther said the first thing to come into her head.One day at work,a clerk came into the office with a new hairstyle.“Nice haircut,”said Esther.“How much did it cost”The woman replied,“Id rather not say.”Esther replied,“Wel
15、l,anyhow,either you paid too much or you paid too little.”She met a very famous writer once.“Hey,what a coincidence!”she said.“Youre writing a book and Im reading one!”The trouble with Esther was she said what she thought,and didnt think about what she said.A young man was trying to modest about his
16、 new job many miles away.“I guess the company chose me so theyd get some peace in the office,”he smiled.“No,I guess they chose you to discourage you from spending your whole career with us,”Esther replied sweetly.Once,Esther went to a brunch party to meet some old school friends on the anniversary o
17、f their graduation.She greeted the hostess.“Do you remember that guy you were dating What happened to him”she asked.“You know,the ugly one.”At the moment,a man came up and stood by her friend.“Esther,Id like you to meet my husband,”she said,“Charles,this is”Esther interrupted her,“Hey,so you married
18、 him!”Making Friends in the USA In the USA,conversation is less lively than in many other cultures,where everyone talks at the same time.When someone talks,everyone is expected to listen,no matter how dull the persons speaking may be.If youre not sure what to talk about,you can ask what people do.We
19、re defined by our jobs and were usually happy to talk about them,unless youre spy!Some people say that Americans talk about their feelings more than Asians,but are more secretive about factual matters.You can safely ask questions about families,where you come from,leisure interests,as well as the la
20、test movies.Were interested in peoples ethnic background too.But its best to avoid politics,religion and other sensitive topics.A highly personal conversation can take place after a very short period of knowing someone,but this doesnt mean that youre close friends,or the relationship is very deep.Bu
21、t a lot of people are very friendly and hospitable,and the famous invitation“If youre ever in Minneapolis/San Diego/Poughkeepsie,do call by and see us!”is never made without a genuine desire to meet again.But while few Americans will worry about the questions you may ask,particularly if you clearly
22、show youre aware of cultural differences,they may hesitate before they ask you similar questions.In fact,its a sign that they dont wish to violate your private life.So,many Americans will talk about safe topics because they dont dare to be too curious or personal,but will happily talk about more pri
23、vate matters if you take the lead.Generally we dislike arguments,and we avoid topics which lead to disagreement.Its easy to return to discussing the weather:“Do you like the USA”How do you like the weather”or making compliments:”What lovely flowers and what a beautiful vase!”“Thats fabulous dress yo
24、ure wearing.”You should accept compliments graciously and say“Thank you!”There are a couple of dangerous topics of conversation:age and money.Age is not treated as something very special,unless someone is very old:“Isnt she wonderful for her age!”and there are no special rules or signs of extra resp
25、ect for elderly people.Anyway,Americans always want to look younger than they really are,so dont expect an accurate reply!Income is a very private matter,and youd do well to avoid asking how much people earn,although some people may not only be open about it,but show off their wealth.We dont ask how
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