高中英语2024届高考词汇讲解与练习系列0228(共五组).doc
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1、高考英语词汇讲解与练习一、upon / on+v.-ing / n.; It is an honour for sb.01Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,她说【句型公式】upon/on+v.-ing/n.一就【句式点拨】upon/on+v.-ing/n.表示“一就”,相当于as soon as引导的时间状语从句。一些表示短暂性动作的动词,如:arrive, return, leave, reach, hear, see, receive, enter等,其相应的名词或动名
2、词形式均可用在介词on/upon之后表示“一就”。【归纳拓展】表示“一就”的表达方式as soon as, no soonerthan, hardly / scarcelywhen等。副词用作连词:immediately, directly,instantly等。名词用作连词:the minute,the moment,the instant等。at引导的一些介词短语,如:at the sight of(一看到)at the thought of(一想到)at the sound of(一听到)等。温馨提示当nosoonerthan,hardly / scarcelywhen引导时间状语从句时
3、,主句谓语动词应用过去完成时,从句应用一般过去时。当把nosooner和hardly / scarcely提到句首时,主句应用部分倒装语序。如:Nosoonerhadwesatdownatthetablethanthephonerang.我们刚在桌子旁坐下,电话铃就响了。【活学活用】单句填空 hearing that the new novel was published, he rushed at once to the bookshop for a copy.On their (arrive)in England, the children were taken to the Crysta
4、l Palace by train.We were filled with excitementthe thought of visiting Disneyland.Hardly had we left the dormitory the next morning we realized we had forgotten our map in the room.句式改写As soon as he returned from abroad, he started his research work at once. , he started his research work at once.(
5、用on/upon+n.改写)He started his research work at once .(用the moment改写)He started his research work at once .(用immediately改写)Hardly he started his research work at once.(用hardlywhen改写)No sooner he started his research work at once.(用no soonerthan改写)02It is indeed an honour for Chinas scientific research
6、 and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.中国的科研和中医药走向世界,确实是一种荣誉。【句型公式】It is an honour for sb to do sth.对某人来说做某事是一种荣誉。【句式点拨】当句子的主语是动词不定式、动名词或从句时,为了保持句子平衡,常使用it作形式主语,将真正的主语(从句)放在句子的后面。【归纳拓展】it用作形式主语的常见句式It is/was+形容词+that+从句.Its natural/likely/strange that显然/很可能/奇怪的是It is/was+名词+for sb to do
7、 sth或that+从句或v.-ing.Its a pity/shame/an honourfor sb to do sth.对某人而言,做某事是遗憾的/可耻的/荣幸的Its a pity/shame/an honourthat sb does sth.对某人而言,做某事是遗憾的/可耻的/荣幸的It is no use/no good/not much fun+doing sth.做某事无用/无益/无趣。It+不及物动词+that+从句.It seems/happens/turns out that似乎/碰巧/结果It is/was+过去分词+that+从句.Its said/well kno
8、wn/reported that据说/众所周知/据报道【活学活用】单句填空It is necessary (find)a new home for people in space, as the resources on Earth will run out.Now that our proposal has failed, its obvious we didnt try our best to do it.It is no good (invite)people to a meeting when they havent got time to consider the issues in
9、 advance.完成句子 of Beijing university because you are an important part of Chinas future.我在这里向北大的同学们发表演讲,之所以感到十分地荣幸,是因为你们是未来中国的重要部分。It is not unusual that teenagers of your generation are attracted to computer games and the online world. to computer games and the online world.(用不定式改写)二、acknowledge, in
10、sist01acknowledgeacknowledgevt.(to admit or accept that something is true or that a situation exists)承认,公认,公开感谢(1)acknowledge (doing)sth承认(做了)某事acknowledge sth / sb to be / as承认某事/某人是It is universally / generally acknowledged that是大家公认的。(2)acknowledgementn.承认;感谢【佳句背诵】(1)He is widely acknowledged as/
11、to be the best player in the world.普遍认为他是世界最佳球员。(2)It is universally acknowledged that vocabulary is crucial to English learning.普遍认为词汇对英语学习至关重要。【活学活用】单句填空There is now almost universal (acknowledge)that the programme has failed.With no solid evidence, he refused to acknowledge (steal)the ladys purse
12、.Generally (acknowledge)to be the finest poet in the land, he still lives a low-profile life.完成句子What I really admire is the way good health not only makes us more beautiful, but happier, too!我真正钦佩她的一点是,她认可健康的身体不仅使我们更美丽,而且更快乐!As is acknowledged, we can never expect a bluer sky unless we create a les
13、s polluted world. we can never expect a bluer sky unless we create a less polluted world.(用it形式主语改写)02insistinsistvi.&vt.(to say firmly or demand forcefully, especially when others disagree with or oppose what you say)坚持;坚决要求(1)insist on doing sth坚持做某事(2)insist (that)坚决要求;坚决主张从句用虚拟语气,即“(should)+动词原形
14、”的形式insist (that)坚持说;坚持认为(从句用陈述语气)【佳句背诵】Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe.屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持要求以身试药,以确保药物的安全性。【活学活用】单句填空Jenny insisted that the doctor who operated on her husband (take)full responsibility for this medical acci
15、dent.The lady insisted that she (do)nothing wrong and that she (treat)properly.完成句子You should respect the views of others, and at the same time .你应该尊重别人的观点,同时坚持你认为的是正确的。The teacher our handing in all the compositions on Monday.The teacher all the compositions on Monday.(用从句改写)老师坚决要求我们在星期一将所有的作文交上去。三
16、、 evaluate,obtain01crucialevaluatevt.(to form an opinion of the amount, value or quality of sth after thinking about it carefully)评价;评估(1)evaluate ones ability评估某人的能力evaluate ones work评估某人的工作(2)evaluationn.评估make an evaluation of对进行评估(3)evaluatedadj.评价的,估价的【佳句背诵】Her team examined over 2,000 old medi
17、cal texts, and evaluated 280,000 plants for their medical properties.她的团队查阅了2000多本古老的医药文献,并对280 000种植物的药用价值进行了评估。【活学活用】单句填空The way the guests were treated in the hotel influenced their (evaluate)of the service.It is widely acknowledged that students should (evaluate)in terms of overall quality.Besid
18、es, the (evaluate)result will be submitted to school leaders who will judge whether the teacher is qualified or not.完成句子Last Monday, three professors were asked the teaching plans devised by the new teachers.上周一,三位教授被请来对新教师设计的教学计划做出评估。02vitalobtainvt.(to get sth, especially by making an effort)(尤指经努
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