英语7下-Unit 4知识点语法写作背默(背诵版).docx
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1、Unit 4知识点,语法,写作背默语法精讲冠词a/an/the冠词分为不定冠词a/an和定冠词the。1.不定冠词的用法。不定冠词有a和an。a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于以元音音素开头的单词前。用法举例泛指人或事物的某一类别,以区别于其他种类。A plane is a machine that can fly.飞机是一种能飞的机器。首次提到某个单数可数名词。Theres a bird in the tree.树上有一只鸟。表示数量,但数的概念没有one强烈。I have a sister.我有一个姐姐/妹妹。用于固定短语中。a little一点儿;wait a minute等一会儿2
2、.定冠词的用法。用法举例特指某些人或物。The children are coming.孩子们就要来了。用于上文提到过的事物或双方都知道的事物前。Mr Li works in a factory.The factory is far from his home.李先生在一家工厂上班,那家工厂离他家很远。用于世界上独一无二的事物前。The Moon goes around the Earth.月亮绕着地球转。用于序数词或形容词最高级前。Who is the youngest girl in your class?谁是你们班年龄最小的女孩?用于姓氏复数名词前,表示一家人。The Greens ar
3、e going for a picnic next Sunday.格林一家打算下周日去野餐。用于乐器名称前或方位名词前。play the guitar 弹吉他;the east 东方用于固定搭配中。in the morning在上午;at the end of在的尽头方位介词方位介词用来表示地点、方位和位移。介词是一种虚词,不能单独使用,它必须与后面的名词或代词构成介词短语在句中充当句子成分。常用的方位介词可分为以下几组。1.at与in。at后常接小地点,in后常接大地点。例如:I often stay at home at the weekend.周末我常待在家里。When will you
4、 arrive in Shanghai?你什么时候到达上海?2.between与among。between一般指在两者之间,among表示在三者或三者以上之间。例如:I sit between Daniel and Amy.我坐在丹尼尔和埃米中间。Look!Mr Li is standing among his students.看!李老师正站在他的学生们中间。3.beside,next to与 near。beside意为“在旁边”,next to意为“紧挨着,紧靠着”,near意为“在附近”。例如:Come and sit beside me.过来坐在我的旁边。The pretty girl
5、 is standing next to the window.那个漂亮的女孩正站在窗户旁边。Do you live near here?你住在这附近吗?4.above,below,over,under与on。above“在上方”,反义词是below“在下方”;over“在正上方(垂直)”;under“在正下方”;on“在(物体)的上面”,指物体之间相互接触。例如:Theres a bridge over the river.河上有一座桥。Shall I write my answer below or above the line?我应该把答案写在线的下方还是上方?There are som
6、e apples on the table.桌上有些苹果。5.in front of与behind。in front of 意为“在前面”,表示在一定距离的前面,也可理解为在物体范围外的前面,其反义词是behind。例如:Theres a park in front of the house.在那座房子的前面有一个公园。Who sits behind you?谁坐在你后面?语法精练.根据句意用a,an或the填空1.What do you want to be in the future,Nick? I want to beapilot.It isanexciting job.2.There
7、isabig supermarket inthecentre of our city.3.Will you get there by bus? No,Ill rideabike.4.Theresanapple on the table.Theapple is for my little brother.5.His brother is an engineer.He works in a big company.根据句意用适当的方位介词填空1.You must ride your bike along/on the right side of the road.2.Mr Smith lives
8、in that building.His house is on the fifth floor.3.There is an exciting moment in our class when a large bird flies over our heads. 4.The girl is taller than her friend Henry,so she sits behind him in the classroom.5.Beijing is in the north of China.6.Before 2000,there was no airline between the two
9、 cities.知识点精讲Comic strip&Welcome to the unit1. Follow me, Eddie.跟着我,埃迪。Follow me. 跟我来。/跟我学。The boy followed his father out of the room.男孩跟着他父亲走出了房间。May follows April.五月在四月之后。following 下列的,接着的learn the following new words 学习以下新单词2.Theres a path between the hills.山间有一条小路。between 在两者之间between meals 在两餐
10、之间between classes 在课间between A and B 在A和B之间Please keep the secret between you and me. 这个秘密不要让第三个人知道。among在三者及以上之间 The teacher is standing among all of the students. 老师正站在所有学生之间。3. Are you sure, Hobo?你确定吗,霍波?be sure to do sth. 一定做某事be sure of/about (doing) sth. 对(做)某事有把握be sure+(that)从句 一定.We are sur
11、e to win the game.=We are sure (that) we will/can win the game.我们一定会赢得比赛。Are you sure of/about the answer to the question? 你对这个问题的答案有把握吗?Are you sure of/about finding the way to the theatre?=Are you sure (that) you can find the way to the theatre? 你有把握找到去剧院的路吗?4.Lets go down here.让我们从这儿下去。go down/up
12、 the hill 下山/上山go down/up the river 朝着河的下游/上游走go down/along sp. 沿着某地走Is this lift going down ?这部电梯是向下的吗?Go down this street, and then turn right.沿着这条街道走,然后右拐。5. Dont be afraid.不要害怕。be afraid of sth. 害怕某物/事be afraid of doing sth.=be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事The child is not afraid of skating.=The child
13、 is not afraid to skate. 这个孩子不害怕溜冰。be afraid+(that)从句 恐怕.Im afraid (that) I cant go with you. 恐怕我不能和你一起去。Im afraid not. 恐怕不是。 Im afraid so. 恐怕如此。6.I think we have to go up again.我认为我们得再次上去。have to不得不(强调客观条件限制),有人称、数、时态的变化We have to stay at home because its raining hard outside.We have to stay at hom
14、e because of the epidemic. 由于疫情我们不得不待在家里。因为外面在下大雨,我们不得不待在家里。must必须(强调主观意愿),无人称、数、时态的变化As a student,you must study hard.作为一名学生,你必须努力学习。have to的否定形式:dont/doesnt have to=dont/doesnt need to=needntYou dont have to/dont need to/neednt get up so early. The lessons on the Internet will begin at 8 a.m. 你不需要
15、起这么早。网课上午八点开始。7. Lets go on a trip!咱们去旅行吧!go on a trip to sp.=go to sp. for a trip=have a trip to sp. 去某地旅行Where are we going for our class trip? 我们去哪里进行班级旅行?a/the trip to sp. 去某地的旅行8. Sunshine Zoo is north of Sunshine Middle School.阳光动物园在阳光中学的北面。A is (to the) north/south/east/west of B. A在B的北/南/东/西
16、(A在B范围之外,不接壤)A is on the north/south/east/west of B. A在B的北/南/东/西(A在B范围之外,接壤)A is in the north/south/east/west of B. A在B的北/南/东/西(A在B范围之内)Wuxi is (to the) north of Shanghai. 无锡在上海的北面。Wuxi is on the north of Suzhou. 无锡在苏州的北面。Wuxi is in the southeast of China. 无锡在中国的东南部。The museum is about forty kilomet
17、res (to the) southwest of the bank.那家博物馆在这个银行的西南面,约40公里远。north/south/east/west对应的形容词分别为northern/southern/eastern/westernin the south of.=in the southern part of. 在.的南面Reading1. everybody pron. “每人,人人”=everyone在句中作主语时,谓语用单数。Is everybody here?人齐了吗?2. Here were in front of the South Gate.现在我们在南门的前面。in
18、front of. 在.(外部的)前面in the front of. 在.(内部的)前面in front of the school gate 在学校大门前There is a car in front of the bus. 公交车前面有辆小轿车。The driver is sitting in the front of the car. 司机正坐在小轿车的前面。3.Go straight on, and youll find the Panda House.一直往前走,你们就会看到熊猫馆。straight adv. “径直地”常与动词come,go,walk等连用。go straight
19、 on 径直往前走a straight road 一条笔直的马路注意本句句型:祈使句,and/or(否则)+句子(将来时)Walk past the supermarket, and you will find the bookshop.=If you walk past the supermarket, you will find the bookshop走过那家超市,你就会找到书店。Study hard, or you will not pass the exam. =If you dont study hard, you will not pass the exam. 好好学习,否则你通
20、不过考试。4. They like to eat bamboo and lie down all day long.他们喜欢吃竹子和整天躺着。1)bamboo泛指竹子或表示竹子材料时,为不可数;Bamboo is pandas favourite food.竹子是熊猫最喜欢吃的食物。bamboo 特指某些竹子或指竹子的种类时,是可数名词,复数形式是bamboos。2)all day long=the whole day=all the day 一整天3)lie down 躺下lie-lied-lied 撒谎lie-lay-lain 平躺,位于Dont tell a lie to me.不要对我
21、撒谎。Lying in bed after supper is not good for your health.晚饭后躺在床上对你健康不利。5. Remember that theyre dangerous.记住他们是危险的。短语含义用法remember to do sth.“记得要做某事”强调事情还未做remember doing sth.“记得做过某事”强调事情是以前做过的1)remember to do sth. 记得去做某事(未做)Remember to close all the windows before you leave. 你离开之前记得关上所有的窗。remember do
22、ing sth. 记得做过某事(已做)remember+(that)从句I remember seeing you last time.=I remember (that) I saw you last time. 我记得上次见过你。2)It is dangerous for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是危险的。be in danger 处于危险中 be out of danger 脱离危险It is dangerous for children to run across the road. 对于孩子们来说跑着过马路是危险的。We should try our best
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